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Week 6 Lecture: Finding your Activist Community

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Week 6 Lecture: Finding your Activist Community

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Week 5 Lecture Recording: Choosing your Vehicles of Activism

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Week 5 Lecture Recording: Choosing your Vehicles of Activism

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Week 5 Lecture! Choose your Vehicles of Activism!

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Week 6 Lecture ppt: Finding Your People & Community in Activism

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Week 6 Lecture ppt: Finding Your People & Community in Activism

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Week 3 Lecture Recording: Introduction to the Activism Growth Model Pt. 1 & 2 

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Week 3 Lecture Recording: Introduction to the Activism Growth Model Pt. 1 & 2 

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Week 3 (cont.) Lecture recording: AGM Tenet 1 (Doing Your Soul Work)

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Week 3 (cont.) Lecture recording: AGM Tenet 1 (Doing Your Soul Work)

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Week 2 Lecture Recording: Principles of Social Justice 

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Week 2 Lecture Recording: Principles of Social Justice 

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#HTU Week 2: Principles of Social Justice

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In the Zone | Social Activism Documentary | Full Movie | Black Cinema

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Assignment due Friday March 14th: Civil Rights Social Justice Case Study Analysis (Due March 14th) 

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Assignment due Friday March 14th: Civil Rights Social Justice Case Study Analysis (Due March 14th) 

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Assignment: Civil Rights Social Justice Case Study Analysis

Objective:

This assignment aims to deepen your understanding of social justice principles and how they were applied during the Civil Rights Movement. You will choose one of the following case studies in activism and analyze it through the lens of social justice principles. Your goal is to critically assess how the actions and outcomes of the chosen case study align with key principles of social justice, such as equity, access, participation, and rights.

Case Studies:

Choose one of the following case studies to analyze:

1. Montgomery Bus Boycott

A 13-month grassroots protest led by Black women organizers that demonstrated the power of economic resistance and unified community action.

2. Freedom Rides

SNCC students and CORE activists challenged segregated interstate travel, facing violent resistance while testing federal laws.

3. Children's Crusade

A youth-led Birmingham campaign that brought national attention to segregation through strategic use of nonviolent direct action.

4. Mississippi Freedom Summer

A voter registration campaign that combined grassroots organizing with national media attention to challenge systemic disenfranchisement.

Instructions:

1. Select a Case Study:

Choose one case study from the list above. Review the historical context and significance of the case study in the Civil Rights Movement.

2. Analyze the Case Study Using the Principles of Social Justice:

In your analysis, focus on the following principles of social justice:

1. Equity: How did the case study challenge or address inequalities in society? Consider the historical context of racial segregation and the discrimination faced by marginalized groups.

2. Access: How did the activism in the case study address barriers to access for marginalized communities? This could include access to basic rights, services, or opportunities that were systematically denied.

3. Participation: Examine the level of community involvement in the case study. How were the voices of oppressed groups included in the decision-making process? Were grassroots organizations or community members leading the efforts?

4. Rights: Consider how the case study related to human rights, particularly civil rights. What rights were being fought for, and how did activists in the case study use nonviolent protest, legal challenges, or economic resistance to demand these rights?

3. Steps for Completing the Assignment:

1. Research and Background Information:

Provide a brief summary of the case study you have chosen. Include essential information such as who was involved, the context of the protest, key events, and its significance during the Civil Rights Movement.

2. Identify the Social Justice Principles:

Identify and explain the social justice principles that were at play during this case study (e.g., equity, access, participation, rights). Discuss how these principles were applied or challenged through the actions and outcomes of the case study.

3. Evaluation of Impact:

Assess the impact of the case study on social justice movements, both at the time and in the broader historical context. Was the activism successful in achieving its goals? Were there unintended consequences or challenges faced by the activists?

4. Connecting Theory to Practice:

Link the principles of social justice to the strategies used in the case study. How did the tactics (e.g., economic boycott, direct action, legal challenges) support or hinder the realization of social justice? Were there any ethical dilemmas or conflicts in how the activism was carried out?

4. Format:

The paper should be 3-5 pages in length, double-spaced, with 12-point font.

Include at least three academic sources (books, journal articles, or primary sources) that discuss the case study or the principles of social justice in activism.

Use APA format for citations and references.

5. Due Date:

The assignment is due on March 14th. Please submit your paper via the course portal or email it to [Instructor's Email].

Grading Criteria:

Your paper will be graded based on the following:

Depth of Analysis: How well you apply the principles of social justice to the case study and evaluate its impact.

Clarity and Organization: The logical flow of your argument and clarity in presenting your analysis.

Use of Sources: The relevance and quality of the sources used to support your analysis.

Writing Quality: Proper grammar, spelling, and adherence to the assignment format.

This assignment challenges you to not only understand the historical significance of the case studies but also to critically analyze the ongoing relevance of social justice principles in activism today. Your analysis should demonstrate an understanding of how historical activism movements shaped the fight for justice, and how these principles continue to influence contemporary struggles for equality and human rights.

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Activism 101 Principles of social justice

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Check out this Presentation designed by Dr. Gyasmine George-Williams.

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Week 5 Lecture powerpoint: Choosing your Vehicles of Activism; Leading with Your Strengths

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Week 5 Lecture powerpoint: Choosing your Vehicles of Activism; Leading with Your Strengths

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Since March, I've been teaching an introductory social sciences seminar which has the thematic focus of "race and democracy." We ...
Read More

This post is part of our blog series that announces the publication of selected new books in African American History ...
Read More

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Since March, I've been teaching an introductory social sciences seminar which has the thematic focus of "race and democracy." We ... Read More This post is part of our blog series that announces the publication of selected new books in African American History ... Read More

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Resource: Applying Liberation Psychology Theory to Black Americans & Activists

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Resource: Applying Liberation Psychology Theory to Black Americans & Activists

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Documents From Freedom Summer Projects

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Civil Rights Movement -- Freedom Summer & Freedom Schools Documents

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Freedom Summer and Freedom Schools documents archive of Civil Rights Movement history, original publications, reports, memos, leaflets, research, plans, press releases, (CORE, NAACP, SCLC, SNCC, and similar organizations)

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Lecture slides: Intro to AGM (Tenet 1-Do your Soul Work)

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Lecture slides: Intro to AGM (Tenet 1-Do your Soul Work)

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Heal America | Social Activism Documentary | Full Movie | Homeless Crisis

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Assignment due Friday March 14th: Civil Rights Social Justice Case Study Analysis (Due March 14th) 

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Assignment due Friday March 14th: Civil Rights Social Justice Case Study Analysis (Due March 14th) 

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Assignment: Civil Rights Social Justice Case Study Analysis

Objective:

This assignment aims to deepen your understanding of social justice principles and how they were applied during the Civil Rights Movement. You will choose one of the following case studies in activism and analyze it through the lens of social justice principles. Your goal is to critically assess how the actions and outcomes of the chosen case study align with key principles of social justice, such as equity, access, participation, and rights.

Case Studies:

Choose one of the following case studies to analyze:

1. Montgomery Bus Boycott

A 13-month grassroots protest led by Black women organizers that demonstrated the power of economic resistance and unified community action.

2. Freedom Rides

SNCC students and CORE activists challenged segregated interstate travel, facing violent resistance while testing federal laws.

3. Children's Crusade

A youth-led Birmingham campaign that brought national attention to segregation through strategic use of nonviolent direct action.

4. Mississippi Freedom Summer

A voter registration campaign that combined grassroots organizing with national media attention to challenge systemic disenfranchisement.

Instructions:

1. Select a Case Study:

Choose one case study from the list above. Review the historical context and significance of the case study in the Civil Rights Movement.

2. Analyze the Case Study Using the Principles of Social Justice:

In your analysis, focus on the following principles of social justice:

1. Equity: How did the case study challenge or address inequalities in society? Consider the historical context of racial segregation and the discrimination faced by marginalized groups.

2. Access: How did the activism in the case study address barriers to access for marginalized communities? This could include access to basic rights, services, or opportunities that were systematically denied.

3. Participation: Examine the level of community involvement in the case study. How were the voices of oppressed groups included in the decision-making process? Were grassroots organizations or community members leading the efforts?

4. Rights: Consider how the case study related to human rights, particularly civil rights. What rights were being fought for, and how did activists in the case study use nonviolent protest, legal challenges, or economic resistance to demand these rights?

3. Steps for Completing the Assignment:

1. Research and Background Information:

Provide a brief summary of the case study you have chosen. Include essential information such as who was involved, the context of the protest, key events, and its significance during the Civil Rights Movement.

2. Identify the Social Justice Principles:

Identify and explain the social justice principles that were at play during this case study (e.g., equity, access, participation, rights). Discuss how these principles were applied or challenged through the actions and outcomes of the case study.

3. Evaluation of Impact:

Assess the impact of the case study on social justice movements, both at the time and in the broader historical context. Was the activism successful in achieving its goals? Were there unintended consequences or challenges faced by the activists?

4. Connecting Theory to Practice:

Link the principles of social justice to the strategies used in the case study. How did the tactics (e.g., economic boycott, direct action, legal challenges) support or hinder the realization of social justice? Were there any ethical dilemmas or conflicts in how the activism was carried out?

4. Format:

The paper should be 4-5 pages in length, double-spaced, with 12-point font and 1-inch margins.

Include at least three academic sources (books, journal articles, or primary sources) that discuss the case study or the principles of social justice in activism.

Use APA format for citations and references.

5. Due Date:

The assignment is due on [Insert Due Date Here]. Please submit your paper via the course portal or email it to [Instructor's Email].

Grading Criteria:

Your paper will be graded based on the following:

Depth of Analysis: How well you apply the principles of social justice to the case study and evaluate its impact.

Clarity and Organization: The logical flow of your argument and clarity in presenting your analysis.

Use of Sources: The relevance and quality of the sources used to support your analysis.

Writing Quality: Proper grammar, spelling, and adherence to the assignment format.

This assignment challenges you to not only understand the historical significance of the case studies but also to critically analyze the ongoing relevance of social justice principles in activism today. Your analysis should demonstrate an understanding of how historical activism movements shaped the fight for justice, and how these principles continue to influence contemporary struggles for equality and human rights.

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Black Liberation Theology, in its Founder's Words

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Black Liberation Theology, in its Founder's Words

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Presidential contender Sen. Barack Obama (D-IL) defended his longtime pastor, the Rev. Jeremiah Wright, on Tuesday, even as he repudiated some of the pastor's inflammatory sermons. But Wright's comments likely come as no surprise to those familiar with black liberation theology, a religious philosophy that emerged during the 1960s.

Black liberation theology originated on July 31, 1966, when 51 black pastors bought a full page ad in the New York Times and demanded a more aggressive approach to eradicating racism. They echoed the demands of the black power movement, but the new crusade found its source of inspiration in the Bible.

"God's presence in the world is best depicted through God's involvement in the struggle for justice," says Anthony Pinn, who teaches philosophy and religion at Rice University in Houston. "God is so intimately connected to the community that suffers, that God becomes a part of that community."
Freedom and Liberation
Dwight Hopkins, a professor at the University of Chicago Divinity School, says black liberation theology often portrays Jesus as a brown-skinned revolutionary. He cites the words of Mary in the Magnificat - also known as the "Song of Mary" - in which she says God intends to bring down the mighty and raise the lowly. Hopkins also notes that in the book of Matthew, Jesus says the path to heaven is to feed the hungry, clothe the naked, visit the sick and the prisoners. And the central text for black liberation theology can be found in Chapter 4 of Luke's gospel, where Jesus outlines the purpose of his ministry.

"Jesus says my mission is to eradicate poverty and to bring about freedom and liberation for the oppressed," Hopkins says. "And most Christian pastors in America skip over that part of the book."

Hopkins attends Trinity United Church of Christ, where Rev. Wright just retired as pastor. In the now-famous sermon from 2003, Wright said black people's troubles are a result of racism that still exists in America, crying out, "No, no, no, not God bless America! God damn America - that's in the Bible - for killing innocent people."

According to Hopkins, that was theological wordplay - because the word "damn" is straight out of the Bible and has a specific meaning in the original Hebrew.

"It means a sacred condemnation by God to a wayward nation who has strayed from issues of justice, strayed from issues of peace, strayed from issues of reconciliation," Hopkins says.
A Loud, Passionate, Physical Affair
Anthony Pinn of Rice University acknowledges that black liberation preaching often sounds angry. But he says the anger does not advocate violence but is instead channeled into constructive routes. Trinity UCC, he notes, has 70 ministries that help the poor, the unemployed, those with AIDS or those in prison. Pinn says the words can be jarring to the untrained ear, but they're still valid.

"Folks, including myself, may be taken aback by the inflammatory nature of the rhetoric, but I don't think very many of us would deny that there is a fundamental truth: Racism is a problem in the United States," Pinn says.

Black liberation preaching can be a loud, passionate, physical affair. Linda Thomas, who teaches at the Lutheran School of Theology in Chicago, says the whole point of it is to challenge the powerful and to raise questions for society to think about. Thomas says if white people are surprised by the rhetoric, it's because most have never visited a black church.

"I think that many black people would know what white worship is like," Thomas says. "Why is it that white people don't know what black worship is about? And I think that is because there is this centrality with white culture that says we don't have to know about that."

Obama presents himself as uniquely situated to bridge those two cultures because of his biracial heritage. In his speech on race Tuesday, the presidential hopeful said he could no more disown his controversial pastor than he could disown his white grandmother.

"These people are a part of me. And they are part of America, this country that I love," Obama said.

He denounced the harshness of Wright's words - not because they were false, he said, but because they did not acknowledge the strides that the U.S. has made in the fight against racism. Obama said his own candidacy shows how far the country has come.

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Black Liberation Theology, in its Founder's Words

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The Rev. James H. Cone founded black liberation theology, which has roots in 1960s civil-rights activism. In an interview with Terry Gross, he explains the movement - and comments on controversial sermons by the Rev. Jeremiah Wright, Barack Obama's longtime minister and a black liberation theology proponent.

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Hello, good people! Here is the welcome video and course overview! I will be uploading weekly modules, readings, and breakdowns of assignments here in our class! Please do not hesitate to reach out via email drgyasmineg@gmail.com or by TikTok

I am looking forward to learning more about you and empowering you anyway I can!

Dr. G

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Bay Area Veterans of Civil Rights Movement (BayVets) discussing the Freedom Movement and how it is (or should be) taught with public school teachers.

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Bay Area Veterans of Civil Rights Movement (BayVets) discussing the Freedom Movement and how it is (or should be) taught with public school teachers.

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Civil Rights Movement veterans discuss questions posed by teachers at UC Berkeley online webinar. 

Session 1: "Experiences" 
August 4, 2020


Speaking to teachers, movement veterans shared what motivated them to join the Movement, and what they learned from the people and events of the Movement. 

Link to Session 2, "Organizing": https://vimeo.com/680663490

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national association for the advancement of colored people

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Archive of Civil Rights Movement history, original documents, personal stories, discussions, and analysis by veterans of the Southern Freedom Movement

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The Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture in Harlem, one of The New York Public Library's renowned research libraries, is a world-leading cultural institution devoted to the research, preservation, and exhibition of materials focused on African American, African Diaspora, and African experiences.
Our Art & Artifacts and Moving Image and Recorded Sound divisions will be closed through Monday, Sept. 25. We apologize for any inconvenience.

To learn about the Center's research divisions, schedule an appointment, or find out about other services, see our resources for researchers. Please note: Division hours may vary.

The Schomburg Shop sells clothing, jewelry, books, and more for all ages. Items are created by Black and Brown artists. The Shop is open Tuesday to Saturday 11 AM-6 PM.

Though there are no guided tours at this time, we are working diligently to restore this key service to visitors in spring 2024. Please continue to check this page and the Schomburg Tours page for updates and more information.

Please note: Due to new Library policy, e-bikes, e-scooters, and electronic transportation devices are not permitted inside any NYPL location. This does not apply to mobility aids.

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Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture

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The Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture in Harlem is one of the world's leading cultural institutions devoted to the research, preservation, and exhibition of materials focused on African American, African Diaspora, and African experiences.

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Film Analysis Assignment Info: Due March 28th

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Film Analysis Assignment Info: Due March 28th

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In this assignment, students will watch a film and write a 2-3 page analysis applying two or more principles of social justice:

Equity

Diversity and Inclusion

Participation/Rights

Access

The goal is to critically examine how the selected film portrays social justice issues and evaluate how the film addresses or perpetuates these issues.

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Week 0 Discussion post: When did you first recognize injustice? How did it make you feel? How do you think that moment connects to your passion, curiosity, and willingness to engage in activism?

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Week 0 Discussion post: When did you first recognize injustice? How did it make you feel? How do you think that moment connects to your passion, curiosity, and willingness to engage in activism?

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I first became aware of Dr. Jason Chambers, professor of advertising at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, through his first book, Madison Avenue and the Color Line: African Americans in the Advertising Industry . This magisterial and authoritative work has been widely praised by advertising scholars and provided a critical historical grounding for my own doctoral research into more contemporary race inequalities in the U.S. advertising industry. Dr. Chambers and I have since appeared together on panels for both academic and industry audiences in the wake of George Floyd's murder. During these engagements, I was often struck by his measured skepticism toward all the corporate pledges to "do better." As an historian, this wasn't his first rodeo; he knew all too well that this, too, shall pass.

And pass it has. After a public letter signed by 600 Black advertising professionals helped spark a flurry of agency mea culpas, diverse hires, promotions, and even some public accountability through disclosures of workforce diversity data, the industry soon backslid into business as usual. Even as agencies and clients performed allyship with #BlackLivesMatter on social media, they were consolidating white power behind the scenes. According to the American Association of Advertising Agencies (the 4A's), between 2022 and 2023, white ownership and C-suite representation in advertising increased from 73% to 90% while the percentage of Black owners and leaders dropped from 5% to less than 1%. And Forbes reported last year that "After Vows Of More Diversity, TV Commercials And Digital Ads Are Getting Whiter." All of this makes Dr. Chambers' latest book, Advertising Revolutionary: The Life and Work of Tom Burrell (University of Illinois Press, 2024), both prescient and instructive.

By tracking the course of Burrell's life from growing up in Chicago through founding and leading an eponymous agency in that same city for thirty years, Advertising Revolutionary lays out an argument for both the perils and importance of Black ownership. Indeed, one of the most intriguing sections explains how defacto segregation through real estate covenants restricted Black mobility to Chicago's South Side, which would, in turn, develop a culture of "self-help" and"intraracial unity," foreshadowing Burrell's employment of hundreds of Black creatives and suppliers. Beyond documenting economic uplift, this book also seeks to re-frame Burrell's work as culturally, politically, and even artistically significant. His agency's aesthetic of "positive realism" re-presented images of Black well-being in America as an antidote to the toxic landscape of racist stereotypes or outright erasure long perpetrated by white-owned media institutions.

Of course, going against the grain wasn't easy. Even when targeting the Black market segment, Burrell was still an ad man, so he always had to find willing patrons. This dependency, at least in the early years, would mean taking on "vice" advertising accounts like cigarettes and alcohol along with fast food while also navigating what Arlene Davila describes in her book Latinos, Inc. as "pre-existing hierarchies of representation" that meet the expectations of both white clients and white consumers. This led to Burrell developing a "Huckleberry Finn" approach to advertisements that portrayed everyday, hardworking, middle class Black families. On the one hand, Burrell argued to potential clients that such "positive realism" was sure to please the target audience by showing them their "authentic or aspirational selves" while, on the other, also avoid alienating even racist whites by pandering to their belief that Black people, as Burrell put it, "needed reforming."

In another example of selling concepts in white spaces, Chambers chronicles how Burrell and his then partner Emmet McBain recognized that McDonald's long-running "You deserve a break today" campaign was aimed at white suburban families who only occasionally ate out instead of Black urban consumers who treated their local franchise as a frequent "feeding station." So, the partners developed the new catchphrase "Get down with something good," incorporating slang that would be familiar and resonate within Black communities. But when Needham, Harpers, and Steers, McDonald's (white) agency of record, got wind of the "Get down" idea, they quickly convinced McDonald's marketing team to kill it because the language was unclear. Undeterred, and with the help of a contact at the Black McDonald's Operators Association, Burrell and McBain broke corporate protocol and pitched their idea straight to a group of Chicago-area franchise owners. The owners loved the new campaign so much that they banded together and, at considerable risk, wrote a letter to McDonald's marketing department proposing a four-step strategy for increased growth and profits: 1) hire Burrell and McBain; 2) create a panel of Black franchisee owners to review future campaign materials; 3) let Burrell and McBain report directly to the client; and 4) provide Burrell and McBain with a competitive budget. They made a business case, McDonald's bought it, and sales went up.

This victory for Burrell matters for several reasons beyond having given his nascent agency a foothold with a blue chip client. First, it demonstrates the kind of courage, solidarity, and"intraracial unity" that was necessary for Burrell and the Black franchise owners to disrupt an established white client/white agency relationship. Second, it provides a vivid example of the kind of capitalist activism whereby self-interested parties can further cultural, political, and artistic goals by seeking to maximize their own economic benefit. And, third, it exemplifies Burrell's lifelong aversion to charity; he only wanted to do work that increased profits for the client as opposed to getting hired for PR reasons. Indeed, chapter eight recalls how, despite being a lifelong Democrat, Burrell kept his distance from political activists like Jesse Jackson who called out racist ads in order to shame corporate America into redirecting new business to Black agency owners. Though Burrell admitted that his agency often benefitted from public pressure on brands to diversify their supply chains, he knew those benefits would be short-lived. Once the public moved on, the accounts would dry up. Sound familiar?

These are just a few of the poignant complexities and compromises that Chambers recounts as he charts Burrell's career from inception at the suggestion of a thoughtful teacher to his sale of his agency and retirement. Along the way, the author asks us to consider how an abusive father may have driven Burrell's tenacious ambition and even his depictions of more idealized paternal figures in his ads and how a supportive and trusting mother may have inspired his entrepreneurial spirit, management style, and development of women leaders within his agency. Most of these biographical connections are drawn from Chambers' extensive interviews with Burrell and, as self-reported, should be taken with a grain of salt. That said, I think their inclusion is important, since Burrell's own life bears witness to the suffering of the consumers he has spent so much of his life observing and trying to re-present as fully as he could-whether by asking "what's Black about it?" or by trying, and failing, to expand his agency into the general (white) market. In valuing not just what Burrell did, but also what he tried to do and why, Advertising Revolutionary adds a welcome dose of soul to the business biography.

Copyright © AAIHS. May not be reprinted without permission.

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Tom Burrell and Capitalist Activism in Advertising

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I first became aware of Dr. Jason Chambers, professor of advertising at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, through his first book, Madison Avenue and the Color Line: African Americans in the Advertising Industry . This magisterial and authoritative work has been widely praised by advert

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Hello good people! For equity and access purposes to Netflix, please either watch 1) Rustin on Netflix or 2) Cointel 101 Documentary on YouTube

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Activist Bayard Rustin faces racism and homophobia as he helps change the course of Civil Rights history by orchestrating the 1963 March on Washington. Watch trailers & learn more.

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Film Analysis Option #2: COINTEL PRO 101

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Film Analysis Option #2: COINTEL PRO 101

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56 minutes | COINTELPRO may not be a well-understood acronym but its meaning and continuing impact are absolutely central to understanding the government’s wars and repression against progressive…

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Week 1 Discussion Post: What does activism mean to you?

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Week 1 Discussion Post: What does activism mean to you?

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The Top 100 Activist Documentaries That You Can Watch Free Online

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If millions of people watched these 100 documentaries... can you imagine how that might change society?

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Activism is a complex phenomenon driven by a multitude of psychological factors. This week delves into the psychological characteristics that define an activist, exploring the personality traits, motivations, and mindsets that drive individuals to engage in social and political change. By examining the psychology of activism, we gain a deeper understanding of the forces shaping social movements and the individuals at their forefront.

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Activism is a complex phenomenon driven by a multitude of psychological factors. This week delves into the psychological characteristics that define an activist, exploring the personality traits, motivations, and mindsets that drive individuals to engage in social and political change. By examining the psychology of activism, we gain a deeper understanding of the forces shaping social movements and the individuals at their forefront.

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Reggie Yates’ Extreme - USA Race Riots: Outrage & Activism | Free Documentary

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Whitewashed: Unmasking the World of Whiteness (2013) Full Documentary

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34 minutes | A film that explores racism and what it means to be white in the United States.

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Watch the Netflix documentary "Crip Camp: A Disability Revolution"

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Watch the Netflix documentary "Crip Camp: A Disability Revolution"

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Watch Crip Camp: A Disability Revolution | Netflix Official Site

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A groundbreaking summer camp galvanizes a group of teens with disabilities to help build a movement, forging a new path toward greater equality. Watch trailers & learn more.

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Racial Equity Tools Glossary

Words and their multiple uses reflect the tremendous diversity that characterizes our society. Indeed, universally agreed upon language on issues relating to racism is nonexistent. We discovered that even the most frequently used words in any discussion on race can easily cause confusion, which leads to controversy and hostility. It is essential to achieve some degree of shared understanding, particularly when using the most common terms. In this way, the quality of dialogue and discourse on race can be enhanced.

Language can be used deliberately to engage and support community anti-racism coalitions and initiatives, or to inflame and divide them. Discussing definitions can engage and support coalitions. However, it is important for groups to decide the extent to which they must have consensus and where it is okay for people to disagree. It is also helpful to keep in mind that the words people use to discuss power, privilege, racism and oppression hold different meanings for different people. For instance, people at different stages of developing an analysis tend to attach different meanings to words like discrimination, privilege and institutional racism. Furthermore, when people are talking about privilege or racism, the words they use often come with emotions and assumptions that are not spoken.

Many of the terms in this glossary have evolved over time. For example, given the changing demographic trends in the United States, the word "minority" no longer accurately reflects the four primary racial/ethnic groups. The terms "emerging majority" and "people of color" have become popular substitutes. Also, the terms used to refer to members of each community of color have changed over time. Whether to use the terms African American or Black, Hispanic American, Latinx or Latino, Native American or American Indian, and Pacific Islander or Asian American depends on a variety of conditions, including your intended audiences' geographic location, age, generation, and, sometimes, political orientation.

SOURCE: Project Change's "The Power of Words." Originally produced for Project Change Lessons Learned II, also included in A Community Builder's Toolkit - both produced by Project Change and The Center for Assessment and Policy Development with some modification by RacialEquityTools.org.

The main source for each definition is noted with its term below. Some definitions are paraphrased or updated. If you plan to use a couple of the terms in your materials, we encourage you to keep the SOURCE citation(s) that we have listed for them.

You can download a PDF version of this glossary . Please feel free to share the RET Glossary PDF or post a link on your site. We request that you use the following citation: Racial Equity Tools Glossary, MP Associates, Center for Assessment and Policy Development, and World Trust Educational Services, July 2022.

For guidance on evaluation terms in particular, see .

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Words and their multiple uses reflect the tremendous diversity that characterizes our society. Indeed, universally agreed upon language on issues relating to racism is nonexistent. In this way, the quality of dialogue and discourse on race can be enhanced.

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Film Analysis Assignment: RUSTIN on Netflix

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Film Analysis Assignment: RUSTIN on Netflix

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Activist Bayard Rustin faces racism and homophobia as he helps change the course of Civil Rights history by orchestrating the 1963 March on Washington. Watch trailers & learn more.

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Our History Has Always Been Contraband
Colin Kaepernick, Robin D. G. Kelley, Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor

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Week 0 Down! Introductions and course information :)

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Week 0 Down! Introductions and course information :)

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Week 4 PPT lecture: Knowing your roles in the activism family"

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Week 4 PPT lecture: Knowing your roles in the activism family"

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Week 4 Video Lecture: Knowing your roles in the activism family

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Week 4 Video Lecture: Knowing your roles in the activism family

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Welcome to Week 4 of my #Activism101 "Knowing the Roles in the Activism Family"

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Week 8 Lecture: Practicing Radical Compassion & Self-Care for Activists

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Week 8 Lecture: Practicing Radical Compassion & Self-Care for Activists

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Week 7 Lecture: Barriers in Activism: Understanding the Challenges and Opportunities

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Week 7 Lecture: Barriers in Activism: Understanding the Challenges and Opportunities