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Korean pharmaceutical companies are making big bets on the cell and gene therapy market, the sector that many consider to be the next game-changer in the global pharma world.

Cellular and gene therapies both use the human body's cells and genetic information to fight diseases. Cell therapy aims to treat diseases by restoring or altering certain sets of cells or by using cells to carry a treatment through the body, while gene therapy seeks to modify or manipulate the expression of a gene or to alter the biological properties of living cells for treatment use, according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). They can offer a personalized approach and maximize efficacy by reducing side effects.

But the development of such therapies requires a high level of technology compared to existing pharmaceuticals as they directly deal with human cells and genes. There are high barriers to entering the market, and the demand for outsourcing is growing, which boosts the contract and development manufacturing organization (CDMO) business.

CDMOs engage in the early stages of developing a client's products and also take charge of mass production.

For the research and development of cell and gene therapy, around 60 percent is outsourced, while the percentage stands at around 20 percent for general pharmaceutical products, according to industry sources.

"It is not easy for companies to proceed with cell and gene therapy development by solely using their own technology, so lots of global firms are expanding their investment to outsource," Kim Yong-min, researcher at the Korea Health Industry Development Institute, wrote in a recent report. "Korean companies must consider aggressive investment in the research and development, license-in deals, or merger and acquisition [M&A] plans."

Only 88 cell and gene therapy products have been approved globally so far, of which 49 are being sold. Biogen's Spinraza spinal muscular atrophy treatment, Novartis' leukemia treatment Kymriah and Gilead Sciences' lymphoma treatment Yescarta are a few blockbuster drugs in the industry.

The size of the global cell and gene therapy CDMO market, which was valued at $1.5 billion in 2019, is expected to grow at an annual rate of 31 percent and reach $10.1 billion in 2026, according to data provided by market research firm Frost & Sullivan.

On April 20, GC Cell said it bought New Jersey-based BioCentriq for 90 billion won ($73 million), aiming to strengthen its presence in the global gene and cell therapy market.

Founded in 2019, BioCentriq is a CDMO specializing in gene and cell therapy. GC Cell and GC formed a joint venture for the acquisition of the U.S. CDMO company. GC invested $53 million and GC Cell $20 million.

SK Inc. in 2019 established SK Pharmteco, its U.S. CDMO subsidiary based in California, with the goal of becoming one of the top-five CDMO companies specializing in gene and cell therapies. In March last year, SK Pharmteco acquired 70 percent of Yposkesi, a Corbeil Essonnes, France-based CDMO focusing on cell and gene therapy.

In January, SK Inc. invested $350 million in the Center for Breakthrough Medicines (CBM), becoming the second largest shareholder of the Philadelphia-based CDMO specializing in cell and gene therapy. Its wholly-owned subsidiary SK Pharmteco took over the share of CBM, though the amount of shares has not been disclosed.

SK bioscience CEO Ahn Jae-yong also hinted at acquiring firms that have the technology to develop cell and gene therapy during a press conference on March 31. SK bioscience is widely known as a Covid-19 vaccine maker in Korea.

Last year, CJ CheilJedang acquired 76 percent of Leiden, Netherlands-based CDMO Batavia Bioscience for 267.7 billion won.

Some Korean companies are rushing investment into the sector by expanding their own manufacturing capacity.

CHA Medical & Bio Group recently began constructing a $250 million cell and gene manufacturing facility in Pangyo, Gyeonggi.

The company is calling the facility Cell Gene Biobank. The 10-story building with four basement floors will have CDMO facilities for cell and gene therapy and a storage facility for stem cells. The storage facility can save all kinds of human cells such as stem cells, blood cells, ova and sperm, according to the company.

The construction is expected to be completed by the end of 2024.

Earlier in the year, Samsung Biologics said it plans to start construction on its fifth factory in Songdo, Incheon, which will be a space for cell and gene therapies, in the first half. The company already bought a site for the factory.

"Cell and gene therapy is a sector in which Korea's technology doesn't fall far behind that of foreign countries," Lim Yoon-jin, an analyst at Daishin Securities, said. "It is highly anticipated that Korean companies will acquire a competitive edge very rapidly by entering the CDMO business."

BY SARAH CHEA [chea.sarah@joongang.co.kr]

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Korean pharma companies aim to get situated in cell and gene therapy market

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Korean pharmaceutical companies are making big bets on the cell and gene therapy market, the sector that many consider to be the next game-changer in the global pharma world. Cellular and gene therapies both use the human body's cells and genetic information to fight diseases.

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https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2022/04/27/culture/koreanHeritage/lee-kunhee-collection-samsung-chairman-lee-kunhee-collection-national-museum-of-korea/20220427180331806.html

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The popular Lee Kun-hee collection is back on display at the National Museum of Korea in central Seoul. The special exhibit titled "A Collector's Invitation," which kicks off Thursday has been organized to mark the first anniversary of late Samsung Group chairman Lee Kun-hee's donation of impressive and extensive national heritages and artworks to the country.

A year ago on April 28, Lee's family announced that they would donate about 23,000 pieces of impressive artworks from the late tycoon's collection including iconic Korean paintings such as "Inwangjesaekdo (Scene of Mount Inwang After Rain)" by Jeong Seon (1676-1759) of Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910) and paintings by big names in the Western art world, such as Claude Monet and Salvador Dali, to Korea's national and municipal museums.

The two exhibits - one at the National Museum of Korea and the other at the National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art (MMCA) in central Seoul - that kicked off last July to showcase part of Lee's vast and valuable collection to the public were so popular that there was cutthroat competition to get a ticket.

The exhibit at the National Museum of Korea went on for only two months and not many got a chance to enjoy the exhibit, especially during the pandemic when the government's social distancing regulations were much stricter. The exhibit at the MMCA, titled "MMCA Lee Kun-hee Collection: Masterpieces of Korean Art" is still ongoing. It kicked off on July 21, had two extended runs and will finally wrap up on June 6. The museum is no longer taking reservations for the exhibit and only sells tickets at the door, one per person. It still limits the number to 100 at a time.

That is why this one-year anniversary exhibit at the National Museum of Korea comes as good news to those who missed out on both exhibits as the exhibition is co-organized by the National Museum of Korea and the MMCA.

The exhibit displays a total of 355 "carefully selected" pieces among the vast collection donated by the late Samsung chairman, according to the museum.

"Among them, 308 pieces will be from 21,693 ancient artifacts donated to the National Museum of Korea, 35 pieces are from the MMCA, which received 1,488 modern and contemporary artworks and 12 pieces are from five regional museums. They received 102 modern and contemporary artworks," said Lee Jae-ho, curator of the exhibit from the National Museum of Korea. The artifacts from the National Museum of Korea include six state-designated National Treasures and 15 Treasures.

As the exhibit at the museum last year only displayed 45 Korean artifacts and old artworks, the current exhibit is much more grand and even includes some modern pieces.

The exhibit is largely divided into two parts.

The first "Into My House" is a "metaphorical space that illuminates Lee's taste and eye for art and antiques as a collector," said Lee. Artworks and antiques have a penetrating theme of "family and love," such as oil painting "Family" by Chang Ucchin (1917-1990) and a pair of scrolls with writings by Joseon-era scholar Jeong Yak-yong (1762-1836) commissioned by a resident of Gangjin who wanted to reminisce about his dead son and a dutiful wife. The scrolls were not on display during last year's exhibit and are being shown to the public for the first time.

Visitors are then invited into a dark room displaying Claude Monet's "The Water-Lily Pond." This piece, which is donated to the MMCA, was painted after 1971 when Monet regained his will to paint. Before then, he was in despair because of his gradually diminishing eyesight followed by the death of his wife and son. According to Lee, Monet created more than 250 paintings of water lilies as "the garden for him was his most beautiful masterpiece."

Leaving Monet's beautiful painting behind, visitors will walk into the second part of the exhibit: "Introduction to My Collection."

In an attempt to show "men's experience of communication with nature," the curator says this section begins with an array of Joseon-era landscape paintings and contemporary paintings inspired by nature. An example is the famous "Bull" (1950s) by Lee Jung-seob (1916-1956) and his picturesque painting of "Landscape of Seopseom Island" (1951).

This section is where "Inwangjesaekdo (Scene of Mount Inwang After Rain)" by Jeong Seon is on display. Since it's a valuable National Treasure, it gets its own separate room. According to the museum, the painting will only be displayed for a month and be taken down and replaced with a different "valuable calligraphic work to minimize possible damage from exposure to light."

Goryeo Dynasty's (918-1392) painting of "Water-Moon Avalokiteshvara" and Joseon Dynasty's folding screen of "Ten Longevity Symbols" will also be taken down on May 31. It will be replaced by Kim Hong-do's (1745-1806) "Sound of Autumn," a state-designated Treasure, which will be on display from June 1 to 30. Next up is "Winter Scene of Bulguksa Temple" (1996) by Park Dae-sung, which will be on view from July 1 to 28. It will be replaced by Lee Gyeong-seung's "Butterflies" (1919) on July 29, which will be displayed until the exhibit comes to an end on Aug. 28. Some of the works that have had a good rest will also travel to other municipal museums, like "Inwangjesaekdo" and "Sound of Autumn," which will head to the Gwangju National Museum for 20 days.

Toward the end of the exhibit, visitors will be able to see sculptural works, documents and drawings that deliver religious enlightenment and knowledge. Numerous relics are on display here, such as Goryeo Dynasty's "Water-Moon Avalokitesvara" and "Bodhisattva Triad with a Single Halo." Visitors who were at the last year's exhibit will wonder where the "Thousand-Armed Avalokitesvara," that was displayed next to the "Water-Moon Avalokitesvara" is. The museum said the latter painting will replace the former after two months.

A large Buddhist bell that was produced in the early Goryeo period is also on display in this section. The bell has a dragon-shaped handle on top. Visitors are invited to sit down before the bell and listen to the sound, not from the bell but from the speakers that play the sound recorded from a similar bell - the "Sacred Bell of Great King Seongdeok," which is a National Treasure housed at the Gyeongju National Museum in North Gyeongsang.

"This special exhibition has been planned in a way to ruminate on the philosophy of Lee Kun-hee as reflected in his act of collecting cultural heritage and objects of art across time and genre and donating them," said Min Byoung-chan, director-general of the National Museum of Korea. "Objects on display have been meticulously selected to represent ancient cultural heritage and modern and contemporary art and interwoven with one another to create dialogues, to highlight the diversity of Lee's collection and reveal the characteristics of Korean culture."

The exhibition ends on Aug. 28. Ticket reservations will open per month at 2 p.m. via Interpark Ticket. For example, tickets to go see the exhibit from April 28 to May 31 opened at 2 p.m. on March 28. Tickets between June 1 to 30 will open at 2 p.m. on May 2. Tickets can also be purchased at the site, but only two per person.

BY YIM SEUNG-HYE [yim.seunghye@joongang.co.kr]

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Lee Kun-hee collection returns to National Museum of Korea

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The popular Lee Kun-hee collection is back on display at the National Museum of Korea in central Seoul. The special exhibit titled "A Collector's Invitation," which kicks off Thursday has been organized to mark the first anniversary of late ...

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Son Heung-min topped the Sky Sports Power Rankings season chart on Friday, overtaking Liverpool star Mohamed Salah after his record-breaking performance against Liverpool on Saturday.

With just three matches left to play in the season, Son reached the summit of the form chart with 71,587 points, just above second place Salah's 71,295 points.

Players are given points based on 35 different statistics like goals, assists, blocks and tackles for the Power Rankings, taking into account the previous five match days of a season, with each previous game worth 20 percent fewer points in incremental deductions.

After Son and Salah, Trent Alexander-Arnold of Liverpool is in third position with 65,115 points.

Son is currently the only Spurs player in the top 10 of the Sky Sports Power Rankings. Harry Kane is in 11th position with 54,044 points.

The Liverpool forward Salah had held the top seat of the Power Rankings season chart for almost the entire campaign until Son took that position after scoring in Tottenham's two latest fixtures. Son has also backed 11 goals in Tottenham's past seven league games.

On Saturday, Son scored his 20th goal this season against Liverpool, holding the top club to a 1-1 draw at Anfield, Liverpool.

This is the first time that Son reached the 20-goal mark in the Premier League in his career, surpassing his previous best, 17, from last season.

Son is now only the fifth Spurs player to make the 20th goal mark in a single season alongside Teddy Sheringham, Jurgen Klinsmann, Gareth Bale and Kane. Son is also only the second Spurs player in the history of the Premier League to reach 20 goals in a season without the benefit of a penalty, alongside former Spurs player Gareth Bale.

In the meanwhile, Salah tops the table in premier league goals this season, having scored 22. Not only is his number of goals on par with his expected goals tally of 22.43, but five of the 22 goals came from the spot. Son, on the other hand, has scored more non-penalty goals than the Egyptian player and almost doubled his expected goals of 13.11.

The records show that Son is also the most two-footed goalscorer in Premier League history. Including the two goals on May 1 against Leicester City and one goal on Saturday, all scored with his left foot, Son has scored a total of 90 goals in the Premier League. Of the 90 goals, 86 were scored by foot and 38 of those were with his left, meaning that 44 percent of his goals were scored with his left foot.

Son has the highest proportion of goals scored with his weaker foot of all players in the Premier League. This season alone, however, that proportion is even higher. Son has scored 20 goals this season, 12 of which were scored with his left foot.

The 1-1 draw on Saturday meant that Tottenham had closed the gap on fourth-placed Arsenal to just one point, but on Sunday, Arsenal beat Leeds 2-1 to widen that gap to four points.

With only the top four teams qualifying for the Champions League each season, finishing within the top four is crucial for the Premier League's top clubs. Tottenham are currently in fifth place, four points behind Arsenal in fourth place, but it's all up in the air with three games left.

BY YUN SO-HYANG [yun.sohyang@joongang.co.kr]

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Son Heung-min tops Sky Sports Power Rankings after game with Liverpool

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Son Heung-min topped the Sky Sports Power Rankings season chart on Friday, overtaking Liverpool star Mohamed Salah after his record-breaking performance against Liverpool on Saturday. With just three matches left to play in the season, Son reached the summit of the form chart with 71,587 points, just above second place Salah's 71,295 points.

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Koreans increasing deposits in Japanese yen

By Yi Whan-wooMore Koreans are buying yen as they expect the historically weak Japanese currency to recover its value sometime in the future. The data compiled by five major lenders ― KB Kookmin, Shinhan, Hana, Woori and NongHyup ― showed that combined deposits in Japanese currency totaled 604.6 billion yen ($4.63 billion) in April, up from 584.3 billion yen in March. The April figure was also up 22 percent from the year end in 2021.Yen deposits have increased especially steeply since March, accounting for almost half of the aggregate increase in deposits during the first four months of this year.Financial industry analysts noted that this increase has come as the yen is at its weakest level against the Korean won in nearly four years, amid the Japanese central bank's ultra-easy monetary policy in contrast to hikes in the benchmark interest rate in other major economies.For years, it was considered virtually a norm that 100 yen be traded at 1,000 won or slightly higher.After falling below the 1,000 won-level on March 28, the Japanese currency did not climb back and has mostly remained in the range of 970 won to 980 won per 100 yen since.In particular, it slid to a yearly low of 965.53 won per 100 yen on April 19.As the weakening yen will persist for the time being, analysts expect that investment in yen, which is one of the world's top currencies, along with dollar and euro, will continue in Korea.However, investors are advised to be cautious as the weak yen may continue for quite a long period. "Though the yen is cheap, it is not very attractive as an investment. As its status as a safe asset is weakening, it is hard to maximize investment returns," said Kim Hyo-jin, an analyst at KB Securities.

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Koreans increasing deposits in Japanese yen

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More Koreans are buying yen as they expect the historically weak Japanese currency to recover its value sometime in the future. The data compiled by five major lenders - KB Kookmin, Shinhan, Hana, Woori and NongHyup - showed that combined deposits in Japanese currency totaled 604.6 billion yen ($4.63 billion) in April, up from 584.3 billion yen in March.

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Suwon FC beat Daegu FC 4-3 on Sunday, with new forward Lee Seung-woo scoring his first goal for Suwon since he joined the K League this season.

Daegu opened the scoring three minutes into the match at Suwon Stadium in Suwon on Sunday, but it was Lee who scored the equalizer nine minutes later.

Lee's first goal for the K League club also came on the team's first home game of the season - and the first hometown game of Lee's career.

Lee signed with K League 1 club Suwon FC on Dec. 3 last year, returning to Korea after spending 11 years playing overseas.

Lee's return followed abortive spells in Portugal, Belgian, Italy and Spain, but the young forward had never played in Korea. Lee most recently played for Belgian club Sint-Truiden but his contract was terminated on Nov. 23 last year.

Lee is a product of the Barcelona football academy and was once considered a footballing prodigy touted as the "Korean Messi." But despite a strong youth career - Lee appeared for Korean youth teams across a number of tournaments and was MVP of the 2014 AFC U-16 Championship - Lee's transition to the adult game has not been smooth.

After years in the Barcelona academy, the closest Lee got to the top flight was a single appearance with the B team before he moved to Hellas Verona on a four year deal.

That move made Lee one of the only Koreans to make it to Italy's Serie A, but again it was short lived. In two years with Verona, Lee made 37 appearances, scoring only twice.

In 2019, Lee joined Sint-Truiden. In Belgium, he was given even fewer opportunities, making his debut four months after he joined the club. Lee spent most of last year on loan to Portuguese side Portimonense, where he made just six appearances.

"I am glad that I could help the team by scoring a goal when the team needed it," said Lee after the match. "I first thought of my family, who were there for me through the ups and downs, and I expressed my gratitude by making a heart with my hand during the goal celebration."

The match between Suwon and Daegu was a busy match that saw a total of seven goals, four in the first half and three in the second half. Despite Daegu's Cesinha scoring a brace that leveled the score at 3-3 in the 53rd minute, the Suwon side was the club to add three points in the end with Kim Seung-joon scoring the fourth goal with seven minutes left on the clock.

There were only five other matches over the weekend, instead of the usual six, as the match between Ulsan Hyundai and the Pohang Steelers was canceled due to a Covid-19 outbreak that hit the Ulsan club.

K League rules mandate that matches are postponed if there are less than 17 players on a team. Ulsan only had 13 players able to play on Sunday. The postponed match is scheduled to be played on March 27.

On Saturday, Gimcheon Sangmu showed off their potential by holding defending champions Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors to a 1-1 tie at Jeonbuk's home ground. Suwon Samsung Bluewings and Gangwon FC also tied 2-2, while Jeju United beat FC Seoul 2-1. On Sunday, Incheon United beat Seongnam 1-0.

The K League now enters a two-week international break ahead of the two World Cup qualifiers - on March 24 Korea will take on Iran, before facing the United Arab Emirates on March 29.

BY YUN SO-HYANG [yun.sohyang@joongang.co.kr]

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Lee Seung-woo scores first K League goal as Suwon beat Daegu

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Suwon FC beat Daegu FC 4-3 on Sunday, with new forward Lee Seung-woo scoring his first goal for Suwon since he joined the K League this season. Daegu opened the scoring three minutes into the match at Suwon Stadium in Suwon on Sunday, but it was Lee who scored the equalizer nine minutes later.

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https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2022/05/09/sports/basketball/Korea-Korean-basketball-SK-Knights/20220509153615707.html?detailWord=

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The SK Seoul Knights are one win away from clinching their first Championship title in five years, after beating Anyang Korea Ginseng Corporation 94-79 on Sunday.

If the Knights win their next match scheduled Tuesday, it will be the first time ever that they win both the regular season and the championship title.

The last time they won the Championship was in the 2017-18 season when they finished the regular season runners-up.

On Sunday, the Knights took a four-point lead in the first quarter and did not concede that lead until the very end. Jameel Marcus Warney of the Seoul club added 27 points alone, scoring the most of the match.

The Knights have now won three matches against Anyang in the best-of-seven playoffs. The Knights beat Anyang 90-79 at home on May 2 then beat them again at home on May 4. Anyang won 81-72 on Friday at Anyang Gymnasium in Anyang, Gyeonggi but lost Sunday's match 94-79 at the same venue.

The Knights ended the regular season top of the standings with 40 wins and 14 losses, three wins more than runners-up Suwon KT Sonicboom. Anyang KGC finished the season in third with 32 wins and 22 losses.

The 2021-22 KBL season started in October last year with 10 clubs - Anyang KGC, Changwon LG Sakers, Goyang Orion Orions, Jeonju KCC Egis, Seoul Samsung Thunders, Seoul SK Knights, Suwon KT Sonicboom, Ulsan Hyundai Mobis Phoebus, Wonju DB Promy and the newly renamed Daegu Kogas Pegasus - each playing 54 games, 27 at home and 27 away.

The 2021-22 regular season ended April 5, with the top six teams in order of their regular season standings - Seoul SK Knights, Suwon, Anyang, Ulsan Hyundai Mobis Phoebus, Goyang Orion Orions and Daegu Kogas Pegasus - advancing to the postseason.

In the postseason playoffs, Anyang won all three matches in the first leg of the best-of-three playoff against sixth-place Daegu, 78-72, 79-61 and 93-86. In the other leg, fifth-place Goyang beat fourth-place Ulsan in all three matches, 87-83, 78-70, 89-81.

For the final round of playoffs, the Knights faced Goyang while Anyang faced Suwon. The Knights secured their spot in the Championship series after beating Goyang in three matches, 101-83, 91-83 and 86-81.

Anyang earned their spot in the Championship series after beating Suwon KT Sonicboom 81-79 in the fourth game of the best-of-five playoffs on April 27. Anyang had entered the fourth match with a 2-1 lead over Suwon, having lost the opening game 89-86 to Suwon and then won two on the trot, 90-78 and 83-77.

Last season, Anyang took home the KBL Championship title on May 9, winning the first four matches of the best-of-seven series against the 2020-21 regular season winner Jeonju.

Anyang last year became the first champion to be crowned in two years as the KBL decided in March 2020 to cancel the remainder of the regular season and the playoffs due to safety concerns surrounding the Covid-19 pandemic.

This is the second year in a row that Anyang have advanced to the Championship series. If they win, they'll take their fourth title, having won in the 2011-12 season, the 2016-17 season and last year.

Anyang will face the Knights for the fifth match of the Championship series on Tuesday. Tuesday's showdown will take place at the Seoul team's home stadium.

BY YUN SO-HYANG [yun.sohyang@joongang.co.kr]

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SK Seoul Knights just one win away from Championship title

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The SK Seoul Knights are one win away from clinching their first Championship title in five years, after beating Anyang Korea Ginseng Corporation 94-79 on Sunday. If the Knights win their next match scheduled Tuesday, it will be the first time ever that they win both the regular season and the championship title.

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Dominant Liverpool take comfortable 2-0 win over Villarreal

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Liverpool beat Villarreal 2-0 in a dominant first leg of the UEFA Champions League semifinals at Anfield in Liverpool on Wednesday to keep the dream of an unprecedented quadruple alive.

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Steel, textile to see benefits under CPTPP: biz lobbies

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SEJONG -- South Korea is projected to see export growth in the steel and textile sectors if the nation becomes a member of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership. But sectors like machinery, fine chemistry and auto parts could suffer handicaps in the wake of the t…

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Fashion trends constantly change but they also come back full circle every two or three decades, backed by generational changes as well as fashion designers taking inspiration from old trends to translate them into "modern" styles.

Y2K era fashion trends from the late 1990s and early-to-mid 2000s were seen on the runways at many spring-summer 2022 shows and Generation Z -- those born between mid-1990s to early 2010s -- can't seem to get enough.

Y2K fashion was a fad among celebrities and influencers last year, but it has been drawing greater attention this year.

Data compiled by Kakao Style's mobile shopping app Zigzag, whose major customers are in their teens and 20s, showed that search volume for Y2K jumped 61 times on-year in January and February. The sales of fashion items tagged as Y2K also surged 18 times on-year in the cited period.

Following the trend set by global luxury brands, Korean fashion companies have launched Y2K fashion products this spring-summer season. Iconic Y2K fashion items include low-rise pants or skirts, high-waisted pants or high-waisted skirts, cable-knit sweaters, crop tops, varsity jackets, vivid color schemes and denim-on-denim looks.

A 22-year-old woman, who wished to be identified by her surname Mun, told The Korea Herald that crop tops are her favorite fashion items these days.

"After seeing photos of pretty and slim singers and actors wearing crop tops on Instagram, I wanted to try it out, too. However, I didn't know it was called a Y2K fashion item," she said. "I remember my aunt once calling the outfit 'belly button tee.' I think it's pretty interesting to see the trend from my aunt's younger days returning in my 20s."

Experts said that the Y2K fashion trend has reemerged lately fueled by people's desire for freedom during the COVID-19 pandemic, having had to spend more time at home without expressing their identities through their outfits.

As people suffer hardships caused by the virus for nearly three consecutive years, Y2K fashion has naturally become a nostalgic memory for Generation X and millennials, born between mid-1960s to early 1990s.

On the other hand, Generation Z considers it as a fun and fresh way to experience the looks, experts said.

However, the Y2K revival may seem "uncool" to some older generations, who first wore the style in their childhoods, unlike the younger generation, who are experiencing it or remembering it for the first time, according to Lee Eun-hee, a consumer science professor at Inha University.

"Fashion is an experiment with one's body with which people can express themselves. Unlike the tendency to long for food that they had eaten in their younger days, the older generations have little interest in fashion that they once wore. Therefore, they are less likely to purchase the Y2K fashion items again," Lee said.

"Generation Z, on the other hand, prefers something that they are not used to but approach the old trends in a fun way. It can also be a form of escape from the frustrating reality for the generation," she said. "Since younger people are greatly influenced by celebrities' social media posts showing off Y2K fashion items, they also want to wear the outfits and share their photos online."

By Jie Ye-eun ( yeeun@heraldcorp.com)

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Fashion trends constantly change but they also come back full circle every two or three decades, backed by generational changes as well as fashion designers taking inspiration from old trends to translate them into "modern" styles.

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By Kwak Yeon-sooActor Benedict Cumberbatch, who is returning with Marvel's "Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness," said the evolution of his character has been interesting ― going from a neurosurgeon with egotistical pride to a selfless hero acting for the greater good.On reprising his role as Dr. Stephen Strange in six years, the actor said the sorcerer has been pretty busy shooting six films to date, including "Thor: Ragnarok" (2017) "Avengers: Infinity War" (2018), "Avengers: Endgame," (2019) and "Spiderman: No Way Home" (2021)."Just before 'Spider-Man,' Doctor Strange was omnipotent. He sees human flaws in 'Spider-Man,' but still is insistent to be the one in control. My task was to adjust the balance in him, and exhibit different variation of my character," Cumberbatch said in a press conference for the film, held via Zoom for reporters here, Monday.In the Marvel Cinematic Universe's (MCU) latest film, Dr. Strange dives back into the multiverse and unleashes more threats than he can handle, including what appears to be an evil version of himself. "This is the next chapter of MCU. We've done films in the multiverse and my character is sort of a gateway into that. To play different versions of myself was a wonderful challenge," he said."The actual Dr. Strange we already know has multiple layers to his personality. The multiverse sort of explores that idea around where we can understand many other versions to do with different choices and their resulting consequences."

Cumberbatch lauded horror-centric director Sam Raimi, adding that he created the perfect combination of horror genre and superhero genre. Raimi is well known for creating the Spider-Man trilogy (2002-2007) as well as the "Evil Dead" franchise."The pitch for the idea of this film was to be a horror film as much as a Marvel film can be. It's definitely the darkest and scariest so far," he said. "He is incredibly amenable, funny and a great first audience you have as an actor to laugh or to engage with your work. He always has a very keen eye, which is very important in this phase of the MCU. He's very keen on holding onto story and character and making things clear to an audience," Cumberbatch added.The actor also teased about the newcomer in "Doctor Strange" franchise who is Xochitl Gomez's America Chavez. "Xochitl is brilliant, lovely and enthusiastic. She has all the requisite energy to fill the character. Her character is important because she represents LGBTQ+, Latin American, which is another mark for Marvel's inclusivity and diversity," he said. "Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness" will hit local theaters on May 4.

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Benedict Cumberbatch talks about evolution of his character in Doctor Strange sequel

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Actor Benedict Cumberbatch, who is returning with Marvel's "Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness," said the evolution of his character has been interesting ― going from a neurosurgeon with egotistical pride to a selfless hero acting for the greater good.

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http://m.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20220414000697&np=1&mp=1

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The Institute of Basic Science has identified the scientific mechanism of post-traumatic stress disorder treatment for the first time in the world through animal experiments, the Ministry of Science and ICT said Thursday.

According to the ministry, the researchers used the PTSD treatment NYX-783, which is currently under clinical trials by the US biopharmaceutical company Aptinyx, for animal experiments using mice and discovered the principle of its treatment effects.

In doing so, the researchers laid out the world's first theoretical foundation and clear strategies for the development of PTSD treatment, the ministry said.

For the study, the researchers examined the ability of NYX-783 to reduce subsequent fear-based behaviors in male mice 24 hours after a fearful situation. The results showed that the recurrence of fear memory was suppressed in both auditory-fear conditioning and single-prolonged stress models.

The researchers analyzed that the administration can activate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors or NMDA and induce the manifestation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, or abrineurin, to improve the plasticity of nerve cells to restrain fearful memories.

"PTSD can occur due to various causes such as war, COVID-19, sexual violence and school violence. The number of (PTSD) patients has been steadily increasing since 2015 and the incidence rate is high," said Lee Bo-young, the study's lead author.

"We have identified the molecular mechanism of PTSD treatments for the first time. The results of this study are expected to accelerate the development of PTSD treatments targeting NMDA proteins," she said.

The ministry explained that PTSD -- a mental disorder that occurs after experiencing or witnessing terrifying or life-threatening events -- is usually treated with psychiatric treatment such as cognitive behavioral treatment and depression medication at the same time, but the improvement rate is only about 50 percent.

"In the future, we intend to contribute to the treatment of various mental illnesses by applying multiple approaches to establish candidate materials for different mechanisms," said Lee.

The study has been published in Molecular Psychiatry, a peer-reviewed scientific journal from Nature Publishing Group.

By Kan Hyeong-woo ( hwkan@heraldcorp.com)

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PTSD treatment mechanism unlocked for 1st time

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The Institute of Basic Science has identified the scientific mechanism of post-traumatic stress disorder treatment for the first time in the world through animal experiments, the Ministry of Science and ICT said Thursday. According to the ministry, the researchers used the PTSD treatment NYX-783, which is currently under clinical trials by the US biopharmaceutical company Aptinyx, for animal experiments using mice ...

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http://m.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20211014000974

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A rare exhibition is taking place in the country's eastern coastal city of Gangneung, Gangwon Province.

More than 120 exquisite celadon ceramics from the Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392), known locally as cheongja, are on display at "Celadon, the Microscopic World of Goryeo."

Renowned for its subtle and elegant beauty, various shapes and sizes of celadon ceramics, which get their name from their mystic blue-green glaze, trace the untold story of the kingdom that flourished in arts and culture.

The man behind this impressive collection is Ju Jae-yoon, a celadon aficionado who heads the company Celadon and is also a doctor of traditional medicine. Calling himself a "retrophile," his fondness for the pottery and tradition started from a very young age. He actively started collecting the celadon pieces about 10 years ago.

"Celadon has various colors, shapes, patterns and uses," Ju told The Korea Herald. "Goryeo people's artistic and humorous aspects are revealed in the pattern and the design. I want to show the beauty of celadon to many people and take them on a time travel to the Goryeo Dynasty."

Adding that he finds joy in sharing what he loves with others, Ju said he hopes to build a museum dedicated to celadon in his hometown Gangneung in the future, where many visitors can get a glimpse of the craftsmanship and wisdom of those who lived during the Goryeo period.

The exhibition runs through Oct. 20 at Myungju Art Center in Gangneung.

Photos by Park Hyun-koo

Written by Ahn Sung-mi ( sahn@heraldcorp.com)

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[Eye Plus] Into the world of Goryeo celadon

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A rare exhibition is taking place in the country's eastern coastal city of Gangneung, Gangwon Province. More than 120 exquisite celadon ceramics from the Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392), known locally as cheongja, are on display at "Celadon, the Microscopic World of Goryeo."

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[Weekender] Bugaksan opened to the public after 54 years

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As the trees start to dress in green and the warm breeze brings a spring-like atmosphere, mountain lovers are in search of mountains to scale. These passionate trekkers will be surprised by the new mountain trail which opened to the public for the first time in 54 years. When North Korean military…

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https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2022/05/10/sports/football/Korea-Son-Heungmin-Premier-League/20220510153919968.html

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Son Heung-min topped the Sky Sports Power Rankings season chart on Friday, overtaking Liverpool star Mohamed Salah after his record-breaking performance against Liverpool on Saturday.

With just three matches left to play in the season, Son reached the summit of the form chart with 71,587 points, just above second place Salah's 71,295 points.

Players are given points based on 35 different statistics like goals, assists, blocks and tackles for the Power Rankings, taking into account the previous five match days of a season, with each previous game worth 20 percent fewer points in incremental deductions.

After Son and Salah, Trent Alexander-Arnold of Liverpool is in third position with 65,115 points.

Son is currently the only Spurs player in the top 10 of the Sky Sports Power Rankings. Harry Kane is in 11th position with 54,044 points.

The Liverpool forward Salah had held the top seat of the Power Rankings season chart for almost the entire campaign until Son took that position after scoring in Tottenham's two latest fixtures. Son has also backed 11 goals in Tottenham's past seven league games.

On Saturday, Son scored his 20th goal this season against Liverpool, holding the top club to a 1-1 draw at Anfield, Liverpool.

This is the first time that Son reached the 20-goal mark in the Premier League in his career, surpassing his previous best, 17, from last season.

Son is now only the fifth Spurs player to make the 20th goal mark in a single season alongside Teddy Sheringham, Jurgen Klinsmann, Gareth Bale and Kane. Son is also only the second Spurs player in the history of the Premier League to reach 20 goals in a season without the benefit of a penalty, alongside former Spurs player Gareth Bale.

In the meanwhile, Salah tops the table in premier league goals this season, having scored 22. Not only is his number of goals on par with his expected goals tally of 22.43, but five of the 22 goals came from the spot. Son, on the other hand, has scored more non-penalty goals than the Egyptian player and almost doubled his expected goals of 13.11.

The records show that Son is also the most two-footed goalscorer in Premier League history. Including the two goals on May 1 against Leicester City and one goal on Saturday, all scored with his left foot, Son has scored a total of 90 goals in the Premier League. Of the 90 goals, 86 were scored by foot and 38 of those were with his left, meaning that 44 percent of his goals were scored with his left foot.

Son has the highest proportion of goals scored with his weaker foot of all players in the Premier League. This season alone, however, that proportion is even higher. Son has scored 20 goals this season, 12 of which were scored with his left foot.

The 1-1 draw on Saturday meant that Tottenham had closed the gap on fourth-placed Arsenal to just one point, but on Sunday, Arsenal beat Leeds 2-1 to widen that gap to four points.

With only the top four teams qualifying for the Champions League each season, finishing within the top four is crucial for the Premier League's top clubs. Tottenham are currently in fifth place, four points behind Arsenal in fourth place, but it's all up in the air with three games left.

BY YUN SO-HYANG [yun.sohyang@joongang.co.kr]

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Son Heung-min tops Sky Sports Power Rankings after game with Liverpool

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Son Heung-min topped the Sky Sports Power Rankings season chart on Friday, overtaking Liverpool star Mohamed Salah after his record-breaking performance against Liverpool on Saturday. With just three matches left to play in the season, Son reached the summit of the form chart with 71,587 points, just above second place Salah's 71,295 points.

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https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2022/04/29/business/industry/sk-sk-bioscience-sk-bio/20220429173413286.html

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Approval requested for Korea’s first Covid vaccine

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SK bioscience said Friday it applied with the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety for use approval for GBP510, its Covid-19 vaccine candidate.

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Rhee Ken, a Korean YouTuber and former Korean Navy special warfare officer who went to Ukraine in March to fight Russia, denied allegations that a cameraman follows him around while he is on the battlefield and said that his team will take legal action against the person who is spreading this false information.

A staff member working behind the scenes of Rhee's YouTube channel "Rokseal" on Monday denied the claims about Rhee being accompanied by a cameraman in Ukraine by posting a photo of Rhee on the battlefield and writing, "This person claims that the man who departed with Lee [to Ukraine] is a cameraman, but he is actually a former sergeant major of the Marine Corps. He was given a clear mission which was to obtain evidence of war crimes requested by the International Criminal Court (ICC). But the situation became too dangerous, and with Rhee's call, the former sergeant major did not partake in the mission."

Rhee's YouTube channel staff member also added that Rhee has been fighting in Ukraine since the beginning of the war and that Rhee is "on duty as the commander of the International Corps' most important team."

He gave additional reasons for Rhee's participation in the war such as "granting special warfare technology and know-how in advanced countries, granting operational strategies as field commanders, and securing evidence for war crimes to be submitted to the ICC."

"Unlike the person spreading this false information, officer Rhee is not there to just stand around on the battlefield - he is there to help in the best ways possible," wrote the YouTube channel's staff.

The post emphasized that Rhee and his team are preparing to take legal action against the person spreading this false information.

The claim that Rhee brings around a cameraman while fighting in the war was made by a man who also said he was fighting in Ukraine, on Facebook, Sunday.

The Facebook post reads, "YouTuber Rheen Ken had come to the battlefield with a cameraman," and continues, "Didn't you feel the other foreign volunteer soldiers whispering when they saw it?"

On March 7, Rhee and his team announced that they arrived in Ukraine despite "strong objection" from Seoul's Foreign Ministry. With the Level Four travel alert, the highest in the four-tier system, the Korean government has banned travel to Ukraine since the attacks began in February.

The members of Rhee's team who have returned to Korea have been charged with violations of the passport law.

According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, nine Koreans went to Ukraine to participate in the war as volunteer soldiers, and as of last month, four people, including Rhee, still have not returned to Korea. The authorities plan to conduct an investigation as soon as they return home.

Rhee was once one of the most sought-after TV personalities after his appearance on the YouTube reality series "Fake Men" became a huge hit two years ago. But his popularity didn't last long, as a journalist-turned-YouTuber revealed Rhee sexually harassed a woman in 2017. Rhee admitted he was found guilty but claimed he was wrongly accused.

BY LEE JIAN [lee.jian@joongang.co.kr]

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Rhee Ken denies claims a cameraman follows him around in Ukraine

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Rhee Ken, a Korean YouTuber and former Korean Navy special warfare officer who went to Ukraine in March to fight Russia, denied allegations that a cameraman follows him around while he is on the battlefield and said that his team will take legal...

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https://m.koreatimes.co.kr/pages/article.asp?newsIdx=328782

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Korea launches preliminary feasibility study for Nuri rocket successor

Korea has launched a preliminary feasibility study for the successor to the Nuri rocket, the country's first domestically developed space launch vehicle, with the goal of sending a lunar landing module to the moon in 2031, the science ministry said Monday.The ministry said it plans to invest 1.93 trillion won ($1.53 billion) into the next-generation space launch vehicle from 2023 to 2031. It aims to send a lunar landing module to the moon using the envisioned rocket in 2031 after testing its capabilities.The government picked the project as the subject of preliminary feasibility study in April.The ministry anticipates Korea to acquire the independent ability to conduct space exploration projects not just limited to the Earth's orbit but also those of the moon and Mars following the development.From design to the final launch, the project will be co-handled by the Korea Aerospace Research Institute and a private partner that will be determined later.The government plans to prioritize the use of local parts in the development project to promote the growth of the domestic space technology parts industry.Nuri, Korea's first space launch vehicle, flew to a target altitude of 700 kilometers in October last year but failed to put a dummy satellite into orbit as its third-stage engine burned out sooner than expected.Korea plans to conduct another launch of the Nuri rocket in mid-June. (Yonhap)

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Korea launches preliminary feasibility study for Nuri rocket successor

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Korea has launched a preliminary feasibility study for the successor to the Nuri rocket, the country's first domestically developed space launch vehicle, with the goal of sending a lunar landing module to the moon in 2031, the science ministry said Monday.

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Retail companies in South Korea are taking the plunge into last-mile mobility technology by launching service robots and drones to provide contactless services sparked by the coronavirus pandemic.

To meet the high demand for delivery and dining services, Mesh Korea, the operator of tech-based logistics startup Vroong, said Wednesday it has partnered up with Bear Robotics Korea, the Korean branch of a US-based robot manufacturing company, to introduce unmanned automated transport service to the Korean market.

According to the company, it will use service robots in areas such as high-rise apartments and residential blocks where motorcycles are banned from entering.

"Couriers tend to avoid such hard-to-reach places since it takes a long time to deliver packages. But with service robots, we expect to increase the efficiency of our delivery services," said a Mesh Korea official.

For instance, self-driving delivery robots can be deployed to the higher floors of 20- to 30-story buildings while delivery workers can cover the lower floors, the official added.

"Also, there has been an issue of infringement of personal privacy since couriers have access to codes for entering apartment lobbies in order to deliver packages at their front doors. But we can minimize such problems by using delivery robots," the official said.

The convenience store chain 7-Eleven is one of the retailers expanding customer services in use of robots and drones.

It has deployed three self-driving robots at Seocho I Park, an apartment complex in Gangnam district, southern Seoul, to deliver products to customers living within a 300-meter range. Customers can place an order through a mobile application, a 7-Eleven official said. The delivery robot drives at 7.2 kilometers per hour and can carry up to 25 kilograms of store items, the official added.

It also plans to expand delivery service in the air by forging a partnership with logistics solution startup Pablo Air.

"We plan to open up a new store with a drone station in the suburban area of Gyeonggi Province by March or April. Our key customers would be those in camping sites and tourist pensions. We will also expand our drone delivery services to customers living in far islands," the official said.

GS25, the convenience store chain run by GS Retail, has also recently completed the pilot test of self-driving delivery robots in Gangseo-gu, western Seoul, and Gangnam-gu.

"After finishing the stabilization process of robot delivery, we plan to expand the service robot business in Seoul and to other cities," said a GS Retail official.

Market insiders say the COVID-19 pandemic has indeed accelerated the introduction of auto mobility in retail, however, the government needs to further ease regulations on the areas where service robots are allowed to enter.

"Although the government has relaxed regulations on self-driving robots to pass by crosswalks, retailers need more room to expand its auto-mobility services to enhance customer experience," an industry source said.

By Byun Hye-jin ( hyejin2@heraldcorp.com)

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Korean retailers expand delivery service with robots, drones

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Retail companies in South Korea are taking the plunge into last-mile mobility technology by launching service robots and drones to provide contactless services sparked by the coronavirus pandemic. To meet the high demand for delivery and dining services, Mesh Korea, the operator of tech-based logistics startup Vroong, said Wednesday it has partnered up with Bear Robotics Korea, the Korean branch of a US-based robot ...

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A group of South Korean scientists have developed a method to differentiate the gambling tendencies of different rats, the science ministry said Tuesday, a finding that may contribute to studies of gambling addiction in humans.

The team led by Kim Jung-hoon of Yonsei Medical University said that by observing rats they found a method to find traits and environmental factors that affect decision-making, core problems in psychiatric disorders such as pathological gambling and substance abuse, the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning said.

"Here, we trained rats, housed in pairs or in isolation, in a touch screen chamber to detect the association between four different light signals on the screen and accompanied reward and punishment outcomes arranged in different schedules," the researchers said in a paper.

The researchers concluded that all rats significantly changed their preferences toward more risky choices when they were exposed to and challenged with cocaine, indicating that a pre-existing trait toward risk and environmental conditions interacts to affect the quality of rat decision-making.

The research was supported by the ministry and the findings were published in the latest edition of the journal "Scientific Reports." (Yonhap)

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Scientists discover method to identify 'gambling rats'

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A group of South Korean scientists have developed a method to differentiate the gambling tendencies of different rats, the science ministry said Tuesday, a finding that may contribute to studies of gambling addiction in humans.The team led by Kim Jung-hoon of Yonsei Medical University said that by observing rats they found a method to find traits and environmental factors that affect decision-making, core problems in...

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‘Doctor Strange 2’ tops 3 million admissions in first week

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Hollywood blockbuster “Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness” has topped a cumulative 3 million admissions at the fastest pace during the COVID-19 pandemic, box-office data showed Monday.

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Boy band NCT Dream will release its second repackage album "Beatbox" on May 30, according to SM Entertainment on Monday.

"Beatbox" is the repackaged version of the boy band's second full-length album "Glitch Mode," released in March. It will feature four new tracks: "Beatbox," "To My First," "Sorry, Heart" and "On the way," in addition to the 11 tracks from "Glitch Mode."

"Glitch Mode" sold 2.1 million copies in the first week of its release, and the album's lead track of the same title was a hit.

NCT Dream debuted in 2016 as a subunit of boy band NCT with its song "Chewing Gum." The group consists of seven members: Mark, Renjun, Jeno, Haechan, Chenle, Jaemin and Jisung. Mark is Korean-Canadian, Renjun and Chenle are Chinese, and the rest of the members are Korean. The band is best known for songs including "My First and Last" (2017), "Boom" (2019), "Hot Sauce" (2021) and "Hello Future" (2021).

BY HALEY YANG [yang.hyunjoo@joongang.co.kr]

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NCT Dream to release repackaged album 'Beatbox' at the end of the month

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Boy band NCT Dream will release its second repackage album "Beatbox" on May 30, according to SM Entertainment on Monday. "Beatbox" is the repackaged version of the boy band's second full-length album "Glitch Mode," released in March. It will ...

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Girl group WJSN member and star of the hit drama series "Twenty Five Twenty One" Bona is positively reviewing the script of the upcoming drama "A Joseon Lawyer" (translated), according to her agency Starship Entertainment on Tuesday.

Based on a webtoon of the same title, "A Joseon Lawyer" is a coming-of-age story about a selfish lawyer named Kang Han-soo during the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910). The role of Kang is being reviewed by actor Woo Do-hwan.

Bona is being considered for the role of Lee Yeon-joo, a secretive woman who becomes one of Kang's clients to carry out revenge.

If she does get cast in the series, it will mark the actor's first lead role on the small screen.

Bona debuted as a member of WJSN with the EP "Would You Like?" in 2016. The group has released songs like "I Wish" (2017) and "As You Wish" (2019). The group is currently competing in Mnet's K-pop girl group competition show "Queendom 2."

Bona debuted as an actor in 2017 through the KBS series "Hit the Top." She recently gained wider popularity through her role in the hit tvN romance series "Twenty Five Twenty One" alongside actors Kim Tae-ri and Nam Joo-hyuk.

BY LEE JIAN [lee.jian@joongang.co.kr]

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WJSN member Bona is considering role in drama 'A Joseon Lawyer'

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Girl group WJSN member and star of the hit drama series "Twenty Five Twenty One" Bona is positively reviewing the script of the upcoming drama "A Joseon Lawyer" (translated), according to her agency Starship Entertainment on Tuesday.

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하나카드가 메타버스 제페토에 만든 가상 공간. [하나카드]

Credit card companies are finding ways to get virtual people to spend real money in the metaverse, while banks are doing their best to get in on the action.

virtual: 가상의
get in on the action: 행동을 취하다

카드 회사들이 가상의 고객들이 메타버스에서 진짜 돈을 쓸 수 있는 방법을 찾고 있다. 은행들은 이미 행동에 나서고 있다.

Shinhan Card said Wednesday that it will release a pre-paid card that can be used in both the virtual and real worlds. The product is being rolled out in cooperation with Naver Z, the operator of the Zepeto metaverse app. The card company will also build a dedicated virtual space within the Zepeto metaverse to run various promotional events for its card users.

pre-paid card: 선불카드
roll out: 출시하다
in cooperation with; 와 협력하여
dedicated: 전용의

신한카드는 수요일 가상 세계와 현실 세계에서 모두 사용할 수 있는 선불카드를 출시할 예정이라고 밝혔다. 이 제품은 메타버스 앱 제페토를 운영하는 네이버제트와 공동으로 제작되고 있다. 신한카드는 자사 카드 고객들을 위한 다양한 판촉 행사를 위한 전용 가상공간을 제페토 안에 만들 예정이다.

The metaverse is a virtual space where people can guide avatars and interact with other avatars and with the computer-generated environments. The virtual reality technology has been gaining a lot of attention from financial institutions as they see it as a way to access younger clients. Among the 200 million users of the Zepeto app, 80 percent are aged 10 to 20, according to the card company.

guide: 인도하다, 이끌다
computer-generated: 컴퓨터로 만들어진

메타버스는 컴퓨터가 만든 환경에서 사람들이 아바타를 이용해서 다른 아바타들과 교류할 수 있는 가상공간이다. 가상현실 기술은 금융 회사들로부터 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 젊은 고객들에게 다가갈 수 있는 방법이라고 보기 때문이다. 신한카드에 따르면 제페토 앱을 사용하는 2억명의 고객들 가운데 80%는 10대라고 한다.

The technology has the potential to completely reshape the landscape of digital finance, the companies argue. Social distancing measures during the pandemic have only accelerated the trend of companies moving to the metaverse for marketing events.

landscape: 풍경

금융사들은 그 기술이 디지털 금융의 판도를 완전히 다시 짤 잠재력을 갖고 있다고 주장한다. 코로나 19 팬데믹 기간 사회적 거리두기 조치는 기업들이 마케팅 행사를 위해 메타버스로 이동하는 트렌드를 가속화시켰다.

Shinhan Card said its to-be-released pre-paid card will come in customized designs reflecting each customer's avatar in the Zepeto metaverse. As teenagers mostly use cash, the pre-paid card will be able to be charged with cash and via bank accounts.

to-be-released: 출시예정인
customized: 고객 개개인에 맞춘
bank account: 은행 계좌

신한카드는 곧 출시될 선불카드가 각 고객들의 제페토 아바타를 반영한 고객 맞춤형 디자인이 될 것이라고 밝혔다. 10대들은 대부분 현금을 쓰기 때문에 선불카드는 현금과 은행 계좌를 통해서 충전한다.

"This project is an attempt for us to set foot in the metaverse platform," said Ryoo Tae-hyun, director of the digital first division at Shinhan Card. "We are the first among financial institutions to run a project in partnership with Zepeto."

set foot: 발을 들여놓다, 들어서다
financial institution: 금융 기관

유태현 신한카드 디지털first 본부장은 "이번 프로젝트는 메타버스 플랫폼에 한발을 내딛는 시도"라며 "우리는 제페토와 파트너십을 맺고 프로젝트를 진행하는 첫 번째 금융회사"라고 말했다.

Hana Card has been building Hana Card World within the Zepeto metaverse.The card company announced last week it built a virtual venue with six spaces, including a concert hall and a camping site, where avatars can visit and enjoy cultural experiences. The company is planning to hold virtual fan meetings with musical artists at its venue and run marketing events in collaboration with brands.

venue: (콘서트·스포츠 경기·회담 등의) 장소

하나카드는 제페토 메타버스 안에 '하나카드 월드'를 만들고 있다. 이 카드 회사는 지난주 콘서트홀, 캠핑장 등 아바타들이 방문해서 문화를 즐길 수 있는 가상의 공간 6곳을 만들었다고 밝혔다. 이 회사는 이 곳에서 뮤직 아티스트들과의 가상 팬 미팅을 연다는 계획이다. 브랜드들과 공동으로 마케팅 행사도 진행할 예정이다.

"In the longer run, we are expecting to use the metaverse platform as a communication channel between the company and our customers," a spokesperson for Hana Card said. "We could introduce new cards or offer customer consulting in the metaverse."

in the longer run: 장기적으로 봤을 때 결국에는

하나카드 대변인은 "장기적으로 회사와 고객들 간의 커뮤니케이션 채널로 메타버스 플랫폼을 사용하게 될 것"이라며 "새로운 카드를 선보이거나 고객 상담도 메타버스에서 할 수 있을 것"이라고 말했다.

"Hana Card employees are preparing for the future by creating their own avatars in the virtual space and holding business meetings there," said Chris Im, director of the marketing division at Hana Card.

하나카드 임현빈 마케팅본부장은 "하나카드 직원들은 각자의 아바타를 가상공간에서 만들어 미래를 준비하고 있다"고 말했다.

Virtual customer consulting may not be a so faroff future as banks are already experimenting with the platform to bring their counters to the virtual space.

far-off: 먼, 멀리 떨어진

가상공간에서의 고객 상담은 먼 얘기가 아닐 것이다. 은행들은 이미 상담 창구를 가상공간 플랫폼으로 들여오는 실험을 하고 있다.

KB Kookmin Bank announced last week that it has created KB Financial Town on metaverse platform Gather. While the pilot virtual space by the bank currently supports meetings between bank managers and communication between employees working at home and employees working at the office, KB Kookmin is planning to open a virtual bank branch in the near future.

KB국민은행은 지난주 메타버스 플랫폼 '게더'에 'KB금융타운'을 만들었다고 밝혔다. 지금은 이 가상공간이 은행 매니저들 간의 미팅과 재택근무 중인 직원과 회사에서 일하는 직원들 사이의 미팅을 지원하고 있지만, 곧 가까운 시일 안에 가상의 은행 지점을 연다는 계획이다.

If a virtual bank branch is built, the marketing of products can be done without the customers going to branches. This may be a way for traditional banks to reduce brick-and-mortar branches while still offering customer service.

brick-and-mortar: 오프라인의, 소매의

가상의 은행 지점이 오픈하면 상품 마케팅은 고객들이 지점에 가지 않고도 가능해진다. 이는 전통적인 은행들이 고객 서비스를 계속 제공하면서도 오프라인 매장은 줄일 수 있는 방법이 될 수 있다.

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Credit card companies are finding ways to get virtual people to spend real money in the metaverse, while banks are doing their best to get in on the action. Shinhan Card said Wednesday that it will release a pre-paid card that can be used in both...

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Seoul set to be lit up as lantern festival returns

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It’s that time of the year — when Korea shines brightest as streets are festooned with colorful lanterns to celebrate Buddha’s Birthday. This year, it’s going to be more than just the colorful decorations. The annual Buddhist holiday’s ...<br/>

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WHO has recommended two new drugs for COVID-19, providing yet more options for treating the disease. The extent to which these medicines will save lives depends on how widely available and affordable they will be.

The first drug, baricitinib, is strongly recommended for patients with severe or critical COVID-19. It is part of a class of drugs called Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors that suppress the overstimulation of the immune system. WHO recommends that it is given with corticosteroids.

Baricitinib is an oral drug, used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It provides an alternative to other arthritis drugs called Interleukin-6 receptor blockers, recommended by WHO in July 2021.

WHO has also conditionally recommended the use of a monoclonal antibody drug, sotrovimab, for treating mild or moderate COVID-19 in patients who are at high risk of hospitalization. This includes patients who are older, immunocompromised, having underlying conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and obesity, and those unvaccinated.

Sotrovimab is an alternative to casirivimab-imdevimab, a monoclonal antibody cocktail recommended by WHO in September 2021. Studies are ongoing on the effectiveness of monoclonal antibodies against Omicron but early laboratory studies show that sotrovimab retains its activity.

The panel of experts developing the guidelines also looked at two other drugs for severe and critical COVID-19: ruxolitinib and tofacitinib. Given their uncertain effects, WHO made a conditional recommendation against their use.

Today's recommendations, forming the eighth update of WHO's living guidelines on therapeutics and COVID-19, are based on evidence from seven trials involving over 4,000 patients with non-severe, severe, and critical COVID-19.

WHO is in discussions with manufacturers to secure global supply capacity and equitable and sustainable access to the newly recommended therapeutics. The Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator (ACT-A) Therapeutics pillar has been engaging with pharmaceutical companies to seek comprehensive access plans for low- and middle-income countries, so that these treatments can be rapidly deployed everywhere, not just in rich countries. The ACT-A is also looking to expand licensing scope to make the products more affordable.

The two newly recommended drugs - baricitinib and sotrovimab - have been invited for WHO Prequalification, which assesses the quality, efficacy and safety of priority health products to increase access in lower income countries.

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WHO recommends two new drugs to treat COVID-19

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WHO has recommended two new drugs for COVID-19, providing yet more options for treating the disease. The extent to which these medicines will save lives depends on how widely available and affordable they will be.The first drug, baricitinib, is strongly recommended for patients with severe or critical COVID-19.

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Despite criticism, PSY enjoys chart success with 'That That'

By Dong Sun-hwaSome people are criticizing singer PSY for "replicating his previous styles" in his new studio album, "PSY 9th," but its lead single, "That That," is still creating a splash on global music charts. Upon the release of "PSY 9th" on April 29, some music critics based in Seoul commented that the album is "a mere imitation of PSY's original styles," adding it lacks decent melodies and creative lyrics. PSY's ongoing chart success, however, seems to be a testament to the fact that the public still loves his signature catchy sounds and hilarious dance moves. Featuring Suga of K-pop sensation BTS, "That That" is at the top of the real-time charts of Genie and Bugs, the two major music streaming services in Korea, as of Sunday afternoon. On another platform, Melon, the tune has secured the No. 2 spot, after "Still Life" by K-pop act BIGBANG. It has been streamed more than 13 million times on the global streaming platform, Spotify. The music video of "That That" ― which features an appearance by Suga ― has already hit 110 million views on YouTube as of Sunday. The clip reached the milestone of 100 million views on May 6, only seven days after its release. The song also nabbed the No. 61 spot on the Official Singles Chart in the U.K., a major music chart in Europe. This is the third time that PSY has made it onto this chart, after his hits, "Gangnam Style" and "Gentleman," ranked first and 10th in 2012 and 2013, respectively. "That That" is projected to retain a position on the Billboard main singles chart this week, too.Produced by Suga, "That That" is a vibrant Latin-infused dance track that leads PSY's ninth full-length album. The album came out about five years after the singer rolled out his eighth full-length album, "4X2=8.""Since Suga poured a lot of time and effort into producing 'That That," I hope it can make a splash," PSY said during a press conference in Seoul, April 29. "I did not intend to release 'That That' at this time ― when the world is moving towards an endemic phase ― but thankfully, a lot of festivals are set to take place in the days to come. So I think pandemic-weary people will react wildly to this festive song."The 44-year-old singer added, "I am always thankful to people in their 20s for appreciating my music. I would call my album a success if they say, 'I am surprised that PSY is still wearing these weird outfits and doing a weird dance. He has not changed over time.'" PSY, whose real name is Park Jae-sang, debuted with the album, "Psy From the Psycho World," in 2001 and has unleashed a string of hits such as, "Champion" (2002). In 2012, he rose to global prominence with his mega-hit, "Gangnam Style," becoming the first Korean singer to get on Billboard's main singles chart. "Gangnam Style" ranked second on the chart for seven consecutive weeks. In 2019, he established his own entertainment company, P NATION, which now represents several singers, including Jessi and HyunA. P NATION is scheduled to launch its first K-pop boy group, TNX (The New Six), May 17. PSY's 'That That' dominates multiple music streaming charts around the world

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Despite criticism, PSY enjoys chart success with 'That That'

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Some people are criticizing singer PSY for "replicating his previous styles" in his new studio album, "PSY 9th," but its lead single, "That That," is still creating a splash on global music charts.

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https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2022/05/10/culture/artsDesign/marilyn-monroe-andy-warhol-auction/20220510120906506.html

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Marilyn Monroe portrait by Andy Warhol sells for record $195 at Christie’s

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An iconic portrait of Marilyn Monroe by American pop art visionary Andy Warhol went under the hammer for $195 million Monday at Christie’s, becoming the most expensive 20th century artwork ever sold at public auction. “Shot Sage Blue Marilyn,”

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The music video for PSY's new track "That That [prod. & feat. SUGA of BTS]" surpassed 50 million views as of Tuesday, within three days of its release.

The song, which is the lead track of PSY's new full-length album "Psy 9th," dropped with its music video on April 29. The song was produced by BTS member Suga, who also featured in the track and video.

PSY also revealed behind-the-scenes footage from filming the Wild West-themed music video on Tuesday.

The singer's first album in five years, "Psy 9th" is seeing success on the charts. It flaunts a star-studded lineup of featured artists: Hwasa of Mamamoo, Crush, Jessi, Heize, Tablo of Epik High and Sung Si-kyung.

PSY debuted in 2001 and is known for the songs "Champion" (2002), "Father" (2005) and "Right Now" (2010). He became an international sensation in 2012 thanks to the viral hit "Gangnam Style" and went on to release "Gentleman" (2013), "Daddy" (2015) and "New Face" (2017). PSY also fosters new talents at his agency P Nation, such as K-pop stars Jessi and HyunA.

BY HALEY YANG [yang.hyunjoo@joongang.co.kr]

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PSY's 'That That' music video featuring BTS's Suga passes 50 million views

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The music video for PSY's new track "That That [prod. & feat. SUGA of BTS]" surpassed 50 million views as of Tuesday, within three days of its release. The song, which is the lead track of PSY's new full-length album "Psy 9th," dropped with its ...

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https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/george-perez-icomic-book-artist-wonder-woman-dead-obit-1350368/amp/

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George Pérez, the beloved and influential comic book artist and writer known for his vital work on titles like Wonder Woman and The New Teen Titans, has died at the age of 67.

The prolific penciler's death Friday was confirmed in a statement on his Facebook page, noting that complications stemming from his lengthy battle with pancreatic cancer as the cause of death.

"He was not in pain and knew he was very, very loved," the statement on Pérez's Facebook page read. "We are all very much grieving but, at the same time, we are so incredibly grateful for the joy he brought to our lives. To know George was to love him; and he loved back. Fiercely and with his whole heart. The world is a lot less vibrant today without him in it."

A marquee artist at both DC and Marvel Comics, Pérez began working with the latter in the early 1970s, illustrating titles such as Astonishing Tales and The Avengers. Early on, Pérez was applauded by fans for the complexity of his packed panels and the realistic style in which he drew the characters.

George Perez never went half way, in art or life. He pushed the limit of what a comic could do: his style was somehow, impossibly both overwhelmingly powerful and subtly graceful. He matched his passion for his trade with his passion for his fans and friends. RIP breaks my heart. pic.twitter.com/TPp78JC38d

- Tom King (@TomKingTK) May 7, 2022

In the early Eighties, Pérez kicked off his long association with DC Comics by working on their stalwart Justice League of America and, more notably, helping to launch their New Teen Titans line, which soon became one of DC's most successful franchises; the franchise also created now-DC fixtures like Cyborg, Starfire and Nightwing. Pérez took leave of that comic in 1985 in order to draw on DC's iconic Crisis on Infinite Earths miniseries. Soon after, he helped breathe new life into the Wonder Woman franchise when that character was rebooted in 1987.

"DC joins fans from all over the world in mourning the passing of George Pérez," DC Comics said in a statement Saturday. "As a writer, co-plotter, penciller, and inker, George Pérez left an indelible mark on the world of comics, bringing pleasure to a legion of fans and influencing a whole generation of creative talent."

DC Publisher and Chief Creative Officer Jim Lee added, "George Pérez had an art style that was both dynamic and incredibly expressive. His art was the perfect storytelling canvas for some of the most important events in DC history. While he will be sorely missed, his work will live on with a countless number of fans, as well as all the talent he's influenced over the years."

George Pérez was an artist, a writer, a role model, and a friend. His work paved seminal stories across comics, and his legacy of kindness and generosity will never be forgotten. Our family at Marvel mourns his loss today, and our hearts are with his family and loved ones. pic.twitter.com/Z61gXE1zk4

- Marvel Entertainment (@Marvel) May 7, 2022

During his on-off tenure at Marvel, Perez served as an artist on acclaimed mid-Seventies runs of both The Avengers and Fantastic Four, and was the pencilerson the first half of the legendary Infinity Gauntlet miniseries that shaped the trajectory of the Marvel Cinematic Universe.

"George Pérez was an artist, a writer, a role model, and a friend," Marvel Comics said in a statement Saturday. "His work paved seminal stories across comics, and his legacy of kindness and generosity will never be forgotten. Our family at Marvel mourns his loss today, and our hearts are with his family and loved ones."

While Pérez continued to work into the 2000s, his production slowed over the past decade as he continued to deal with health issues, which ultimately forced him to retire in 2019.

Pérez's death comes just a week after Neal Adams, another renowned DC artist, died at the age of 80. Like Pérez's work on Wonder Woman, Adams was credited with revitalizing Batman.

A memorial service honoring Pérez will take place May 22 at the Megacon convention in Orlando. Pérez's Facebook page added Saturday, "Today is Free Comic Book Day. A day George absolutely loved and a fitting day to remember his contributions to comics and to our lives. I hope you'll enjoy your day today with him in mind. He would have loved that."

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George Pérez, Influential and Dynamic Comic Book Artist, Dead at 67

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George Pérez, the beloved and influential comic book artist and writer known for his vital work on titles like Wonder Woman and The New Teen Titans, has died at the age of 67. The prolific penciler's death Friday was confirmed in a statement on his Facebook page, noting that complications stemming from his lengthy battle with pancreatic cancer as the cause of death.

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K-pop rookie aespa makes historic live stage debut at Coachella

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Rookie K-pop girl group aespa made their grand debut at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, one of the world’s biggest music events, where they gave a live performance of an unreleased new song. The quartet -- Karina, Giselle, Winter and Ningning -- took to the stage Saturday at the Empir…

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The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has proven the importance of semiconductors.

While the novel coronavirus has roiled many other industries, the chip industry has not just survived, but thrived owing to a surge in demand for noncontact businesses.

Despite the border shutdowns, the world's leading chipmakers -- regardless of which specific segments of the markets they are playing in -- have been silently preparing for a new chapter in the industry's growth after the COVID-19 crisis.

A recent report by global consulting firm McKinsey & Company suggests chipmakers that begin revising their long-term strategies now may emerge stronger in the next normal.

And one of the successful scenarios for them is to undertake pragmatic mergers and acquisitions.

Including the latest announcement by South Korean chipmaker SK hynix of a deal to acquire Intel's NAND storage business, there are major moves being made in the M&A market that could reshape different segments of the chip industry or the entire market.

These changes could both directly and indirectly influence Korean semiconductor companies and their presence in the global market down the road.

The Korea Herald has looked into some potential changes in the chip industry and how they are likely to affect Korean players.

2020 to be highest year for M&As

In the system-on-chip market, sizable mergers and acquisitions are underway.

In September, Silicon Valley-based graphic chip developer Nvidia announced its acquisition of UK-based chip design firm ARM for $40 billion.
ARM, which used to be owned by Japan's SoftBank, was the world's largest provider of chip designs for mobile application processors and central processing units for PCs. Not surprisingly, the company's chip design is now being used for over 90 percent of mobile devices, including those manufactured by Samsung.

Nvidia, after outperforming competitors in the gaming industry, is now aggressively jumping into the autonomous driving world. And it seems to be seeking synergy with ARM's capabilities in developing the brains of mobile devices -- which would be great support for Nvidia's dreams for unmanned driving technologies.

Another major merger, between AMD and Xilinx, is about to shake the market.

US CPU and GPU maker AMD decided to take over Xilinx, a provider of microchips called field-programmable gate arrays, for $35 billion. Xilinx's FPGAs are used in 5G telecommunications infrastructure, since they can be reprogrammed for such fast-emerging technologies without years of development.

AMD's Xilinx takeover would put the former company in a more competitive position against Intel in the CPU market, market watchers say.

In the memory market, SK hynix's announcement that it was acquiring Intel's NAND storage business for $9 billion took the market by surprise last month. With the takeover, SK hynix aims to become the world's second-biggest NAND memory provider after Samsung.

Before the AMD-Xilinx deal, the aggregate value of M&A deals in the semiconductor market reached $63 billion. The total figure now exceeds $115 billion with the addition of the AMD-Xilinx deal.

With these deals, 2020 is to be the highest year for semiconductor M&As, breaking 2016's record.

What about Samsung?
Before the COVID-19 crisis, Korea's biggest chipmaker, Samsung, was mentioned as a potential buyer of fabless firms like Xilinx and NXP.

Samsung's announcement of a 133 trillion won investment in the system-on-chip business in April 2019 had led to speculation that the Korean memory chip giant would roll up its sleeves to acquire a smaller but competitive player in the non-memory segment.

Despite the expectations, no such announcement came from Samsung over the past year.

"Considering Samsung's No. 1 position in the global memory market, its participation in a sizable M&A deal could be strictly controlled by other countries' authorities in terms of antitrust issues," said an industry official.

In 2016, US-based Qualcomm attempted to acquire NXP, an Amsterdam-based fabless company that specializes in automotive chips, but failed due to disapproval from the Chinese government.

Samsung denies making efforts to undertake any M&As, citing the ongoing legal risks involving de facto leader Lee Jae-yong.

However, industry watchers in the financial market think it would be reasonable for Samsung to examine what it really needs to take over while gauging the timing.

"Samsung seems it still has interests in the automotive chip market with its goal of producing autonomous driving chips," a financial source told The Korea Herald. "To make synergy with its Harman acquisition, automotive chips firms like NXP would be a likely choice for Samsung."

Some market observers forecast that Samsung could benefit from the AMD-Xilinx and SK hynix-Intel deals.

As Samsung is ramping up its capacity in the chip foundry market to catch up with Taiwan's TSMC, fabless AMD's expansion could boost the overall foundry industry, according to Lee Jae-yoon, an analyst at Yuanta Securities.

"Considering AMD's relations with Samsung in GPU production, the company's growth could benefit Samsung in other businesses as well," Lee said.

Intel, an archrival of AMD, could also rely more on Samsung's foundry service for its CPU production, he said.

By Song Su-hyun ( song@heraldcorp.com)

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[Chew on IT] Major M&As reshape global chip market

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The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has proven the importance of semiconductors. While the novel coronavirus has roiled many other industries, the chip industry has not just survived, but thrived owing to a surge in demand for noncontact businesses.

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South Korea will nurture 40,000 professionals and 220 companies specialized in metaverse technology to achieve its goal of becoming the fifth largest country in the global metaverse market by 2026, the government said Thursday.

The Ministry of Science and ICT announced the country's pan-governmental strategic blueprint to lead the new industry to respond to economic and social changes that will be brought by the metaverse and prepare for the future.

In particular, authorities laid out four major goals -- activating the ecosystem for metaverse platforms, nurturing professionals, fostering companies and setting up a safe environment for all metaverse users.

The development of various types of the metaverse will be led by the private sector while the government will mainly focus on backing up individual developers and companies through a wide range of support measures, according to the announcement.

For instance, in the case of public services, the government will prioritize using privately-developed metaverse platforms instead of putting efforts into creating its own version.

Under the roadmap, the country plans to apply metaverse technology in the areas of arts, culture, education, K-pop and tourism while building an online Korean language institute on metaverse platforms for foreigners.

The government will also establish a metaverse academy in efforts to nurture young talent and help set up two convergence graduate schools this year by providing financial support up to 5.5 billion won ($4.6 million) for each school over the next five years.

For companies and students, the country will organize metaverse development competitions that require using domesic software programs and hold hackathons for metaverse creators.

To expand the metaverse infrastructure across the country, the government will set up a new metaverse hub this year to provide space and facilities to support startups. The country plans to create a metaverse fund to provide financial aid for small and medium firms so they can expand through merger and acquisitions.

Through the support measures, the government aims to see an annual sales of over 5 billion won from each of the 220 companies specialized in the metaverse in 2026.

With the goal of making a safe and trustworthy environment for the metaverse, the country will draft a set of ethical principles for the virtual world. As the metaverse is different from the web, the government said it will create a pan-governmental body to review related laws and revise regulations if necessary.

The government defined the metaverse as a platform that provides a virtual reality world where people and objects can interact with one another to create economic, social and cultural values.

"Metaverse is a digital new continent with infinite potential and anyone can achieve their dreams by playing as the main character. In particular, it will be a space of opportunity for young people to challenge more and grow bigger to leap into a wider world," Science and ICT Minister Lim Hye-sook said.

"Through this strategy, we will work closely with related ministries to steadily implement various support measures such as revitalizing the industrial ecosystem, fostering talent, nurturing companies, and innovating regulations so that Korea can become a leading global metaverse country."

By Kan Hyeong-woo ( hwkan@heraldcorp.com)

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Korea aims to become 5th-largest metaverse market by 2026

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South Korea will nurture 40,000 professionals and 220 companies specialized in metaverse technology to achieve its goal of becoming the fifth largest country in the global metaverse market by 2026, the government said Thursday. The Ministry of Science and ICT announced the country's pan-governmental strategic blueprint to lead the new industry to respond to economic and social changes that will be brought by ...

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"Excessive" use of artificial lights on trees during nighttime could harm trees and affect their growth, the National Institute of Forest Science said Wednesday, recommending LED decorations to be turned on for no more than six hours daily.

In a study, the state-run institute installed LED lights on three types of trees -- pine, king cherry and ginkgo -- and observed if it had effects on their nighttime breathing. Researchers exposed each tree to LED lights for six hours -- 6 p.m. to midnight -- and for 12 hours -- 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. the next day.

The study's results showed that respiration levels were similar for pine trees exposed to six hours of light compared to those not exposed, regardless of the season. But the respiration level started to rise after six hours, and for pine trees with 12-hour exposures, respiration increased by 3.2 times in summer and 1.3 times in winter.

Plants take in carbon dioxide and absorb energy from sunlight through photosynthesis, after which atmospheric CO2 is incorporated into existing organic carbon compounds. At night they release carbon dioxide -- normally much less than the amount they take in during the day -- through respiration.

Researchers explained that an increase in respiration would mean trees store less carbon, which would dampen their growth and harm their health.

Similar results were observed for other trees, with 2.2 times higher respiration for the king cherry and 4 times for ginkgo.

"Light pollution effects all types of trees, and cities should minimize turning on the artificial lights for co-existence with nature," said Lee Im-gyun, the head of Urban Forests Division of the NIFS. "It was found that the effects of artificial lights are bigger with high temperature, so it is vital to remove the decorative lights (from the lights) before plants start growing leaves in spring."

By Yoon Min-sik ( minsikyoon@heraldcorp.com)

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'Excessive' LED decorations hurt trees: study

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"Excessive" use of artificial lights on trees during nighttime could harm trees and affect their growth, the National Institute of Forest Science said Wednesday, recommending LED decorations to be turned on for no more than six hours daily.

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"Excessive" use of artificial lights on trees during nighttime could harm trees and affect their growth, the National Institute of Forest Science said Wednesday, recommending LED decorations to be turned on for no more than six hours daily.

In a study, the state-run institute installed LED lights on three types of trees -- pine, king cherry and ginkgo -- and observed if it had effects on their nighttime breathing. Researchers exposed each tree to LED lights for six hours -- 6 p.m. to midnight -- and for 12 hours -- 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. the next day.

The study's results showed that respiration levels were similar for pine trees exposed to six hours of light compared to those not exposed, regardless of the season. But the respiration level started to rise after six hours, and for pine trees with 12-hour exposures, respiration increased by 3.2 times in summer and 1.3 times in winter.

Plants take in carbon dioxide and absorb energy from sunlight through photosynthesis, after which atmospheric CO2 is incorporated into existing organic carbon compounds. At night they release carbon dioxide -- normally much less than the amount they take in during the day -- through respiration.

Researchers explained that an increase in respiration would mean trees store less carbon, which would dampen their growth and harm their health.

Similar results were observed for other trees, with 2.2 times higher respiration for the king cherry and 4 times for ginkgo.

"Light pollution effects all types of trees, and cities should minimize turning on the artificial lights for co-existence with nature," said Lee Im-gyun, the head of Urban Forests Division of the NIFS. "It was found that the effects of artificial lights are bigger with high temperature, so it is vital to remove the decorative lights (from the lights) before plants start growing leaves in spring."

By Yoon Min-sik ( minsikyoon@heraldcorp.com)

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'Excessive' LED decorations hurt trees: study

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"Excessive" use of artificial lights on trees during nighttime could harm trees and affect their growth, the National Institute of Forest Science said Wednesday, recommending LED decorations to be turned on for no more than six hours daily.

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영국 기상청이 실시한 세계기후기구 업데이트에따르면 향후 5년사이에 1.5도 올라갈것이라고 발표했다.

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Environment correspondent

The likelihood of crossing a key global warming threshold has risen significantly, according to a new analysis.

UK Met Office researchers say that there's now around a fifty-fifty chance that the world will warm by more than 1.5C over the next five years.

Such a rise would be temporary, but researchers are concerned about the overall direction of temperatures.

It's almost certain that 2022-2026 will see a record warmest year, they say.

The Met Office is the UK's national meteorological service.

As levels of warming gases in the atmosphere have accrued rapidly over the past three decades, global temperatures have responded by rising in step.

That was also the year that political leaders signed the Paris climate agreement, which committed the world to keeping the rise in global temperatures well below 2C while pursuing efforts keep them under 1.5C.

This update from the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), carried out by the UK Met Office, says that the chances of temporarily going over 1.5C in one of the next five years have never been higher.

The study suggests that temperatures between 2022 and 2026 will be between 1.1C and 1.7C higher than pre-industrial levels.

The Met Office researchers predict that for any one year in the period, the likelihood of breaching the 1.5C level is around 48%, or close to 50:50.

"The basic thing that's changing is that the carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, are slowly creeping up," said Dr Leon Hermanson from the Met Office, the lead author of the report.

"I think people are already quite concerned about climate change and it is worrying, it is showing that we continue to warm the planet and we're getting closer to this first threshold that was set in the Paris agreement - and we need to continue doing everything we can to cut the use of fossil fuels."

The researchers say that going over 1.5C for one year isn't the same as a sustained rise where temperatures don't fall below this figure. The likelihood is that if it is exceeded in the next five years, it will fall below 1.5C again. However there is now little room for complacency.

"For as long as we continue to emit greenhouse gases, temperatures will continue to rise," said Prof Petteri Taalas from the WMO.

"And alongside that, our oceans will continue to become warmer and more acidic, sea ice and glaciers will continue to melt, sea level will continue to rise and our weather will become more extreme," he said.

According to the study, the Arctic region will likely feel a greater impact of warming over the next five years compared to the rest of the world. The researchers say that the difference in temperatures from the long-term average will be three times as large in these areas.

The researchers also believe that one of the coming years will likely break the 2016 and 2020 record for warmest year.

That will happen, most likely in an El Niño year.

That's a natural, meteorological phenomenon associated with an unusual warming of the surface waters of the eastern Pacific ocean that can impact weather all over the world.

"The year we do exceed 1.5 degrees temporarily will probably be an El Niño year," said Dr Hermanson from the Met Office.

"It's on top of climate change, kind of like the wiggles on top of the trend, if you like, and the next record year will probably be an El Niño year, like 2016 was."

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Climate change: 'Fifty-fifty chance' of breaching 1.5C warming limit

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Environment correspondent The likelihood of crossing a key global warming threshold has risen significantly, according to a new analysis. UK Met Office researchers say that there's now around a fifty-fifty chance that the world will warm by more than 1.5C over the next five years.

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President-elect Yoon Suk-yeol announced that he would begin his term on May 10 as president of the Republic of Korea at the Ministry of National Defense compound in Yongsan-gu, central Seoul.

Cheong Wa Dae -- which has been the presidential office for 70 years, since South Korea's inaugural President Syngman Rhee -- is to open to the public on the same day.

Putting an end to the legacy of the "imperial presidency" and to better communicate with people are reasons offered in explaining the plan to abandon the Blue House. The presidential office located right on the foot of Bukaksan, the 342-meter-high granite mountain in the middle of Seoul, has often been characterized as an isolated place.

"I do understand the concerns that I might be rushing to move the presidential office too hastily with just 50 days left before starting the term. But I determined that it would be much more difficult to move away from the symbol of imperial power, Cheong Wa Dae, after moving into the compound," Yoon said in a press conference on March 20.

Relocating the presidential office has been a frequently revisited issue. Past presidents, including Kim Young-sam (1993-98) and Kim Dae-jung (1998-2003), sought to move to better communicate with the people, but their plans were not realized due to practical problems. Current president Moon Jae-in also pledged during his election campaign to open the Gwanghwanum era, moving the presidential office into the nearby area of downtown Seoul, but he too later gave up on the idea.
Pungsujili?
Architect Kim Won, who pursues environmentally friendly values in designing buildings, said the current site of the presidential office is not suitable in terms of the theory of divination based on topography -- known as "pungsujili" in Korean -- that he considers important when picking a site as an architect. He referred to how perfectly the main palace Gyeongbokgung was located at the heart of Seoul when the Joseon era was established in 1392 by Taejo.

"The kingdom lasted for 500 years, which is quite a long period in history. Jeong Do-jeon chose the site of the palace. You can never ignore pungsujili when choosing a site to build things. Pungsujili is a theory based on physics and statistics, which is quite reliable," he said.

"Cheong Wa Dae is located at the dead end of Bugaksan, which means the place has too much strong energy. When the compound of Gyeongbokgung was designed, they left out the current site of Cheong Wa Dae, which is located right outside of the palace walls," he added.

A view of Cheong Wa Dae (back) and Gyeongbokgung in Jongno-gu, central Seoul (Yonhap)

Architect Seung Hyo-sang, who served as the Seoul Metropolitan Government's first city architect from 2014 to 2016, said in an interview in 2016 that the site of Cheong Wa Dae is "impure from the beginning," as it had been used as the Japanese governor general's official residence during the Japanese colonial era of 1910-1945.
"I do have my own personal view about Cheong Wa Dae, but it is not an appropriate time to mention the issue of relocation of the presidential office," the architect said in comment to The Korea Herald on Wednesday.

Cheon Jang-hwan, an associate professor of architecture at Kyung Hee University, said the problem about Cheong Wa Dae is if the issues of communication and breaking the "imperial" presidency raised by the president-elect can be fixed or improved at the current site.

"The presidential office itself has a symbolic meaning, the Ministry of National Defense compound does not seem to satisfy the symbolic significance of a presidential office. How can you push for such an important issue in just a few days?" Cheon posed.

By Park Yuna ( yunapark@heraldcorp.com)

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[Weekender] Disputes surrounding new presidential office continue

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President-elect Yoon Suk-yeol announced that he would begin his term on May 10 as president of the Republic of Korea at the Ministry of National Defense compound in Yongsan-gu, central Seoul. Cheong Wa Dae -- which has been the presidential office for 70 years, since South Korea's inaugural President Syngman Rhee -- is to open to the public on the same day.

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현대기아차가 1분기에 친환경차수출을 10만대를 돌파했다

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South Korea's leading carmakers Hyundai Motor Co. and Kia Corp. saw their combined exports of eco-friendly cars top 100,000 units in the first three months of this year, thanks to the brisk sales of all-electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles, data showed Sunday.

In the January-March period this year, the two carmakers exported a total of 111,252 units of eco-friendly cars -- gasoline hybrid, plug-in hybrid and all-electric vehicles -- according to the data compiled by the Korea Automobile Manufacturers Association (KAMA). The tally is up 28.6 percent from a year ago.

By each carmaker, Hyundai's exports of eco-friendly cars increased 19.7 percent to 56,077 units. Kia's exports of such cars rose 39 percent to 55,175 units, KAMA data showed.

It is the first time that the two carmakers' combined exports of eco-friendly cars surpassed the 100,000 mark in the first quarter. The two firms' annual exports of eco-friendly cars totaled at 373,007 units in 2021 and 269,874 units in 2020.

The two carmakers' export jump was backed by the robust sales of all-electric cars, such as the IONIQ 5 and EV6, as well as plug-in hybrid versions of Hyundai's Santa Fe and Kia's Sorento SUVs, according to KAMA's data.

In the first quarter, their total all-electric car exports soared 80.5 percent on-year to 50,391 units. Kia exported the largest 16,336 units of the EV6, followed by 15,219 units of Hyundai's IONIQ 5 and 12,024 units of its Niro EV. Hyundai's independent Genesis brand exported 594 units of its all-electric GV60.

During the same period, the two carmakers' outbound sales of plug-in hybrids jumped 47.8 percent to 12,390 units.

Despite the strong performance of all-electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles, the exports of Hyundai's Nexo hydrogen fuel-cell electric vehicle shrank 87.7 percent to 50 units in the first quarter, compared with 407 units a year earlier. (Yonhap)

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Hyundai, Kia exports of eco-friendly cars top 100,000 units in Q1

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South Korea's leading carmakers Hyundai Motor Co. and Kia Corp. saw their combined exports of eco-friendly cars top 100,000 units in the first three months of this year, thanks to the brisk sales of all-electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles, data showed Sunday.

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Korean labor activist animation invited to Annecy Festival

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The animated film “Chun Tae-il: A Flame That Lives On,” which tells the story of the namesake activist who set himself on fire in protest of labor conditions in 1970, has been invited to Annecy International Animated Film Festival, according to Myung Films, Tuesday.

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When late Samsung Chairman Lee Kun-hee and his family donated the late tycoon's collection last April to the country's national museums, the art circle was surprised at the unprecedented donation of art in Korea. Included among the approximately 23,000 donated works are national treasures and rarely seen Korean artworks.

To mark the first anniversary of the donation, the two national museums -- The National Museum of Korea and The National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Korea -- have selected works from the donated collection that present the identity of Korean culture for an exhibition titled "A Collector's Invitation," which opens to the public on Thursday.

"A Collector's Invitation" aims to make visitors feel as if they have been personally invited to the collector's house.

"Gate," a sculpture by pioneering Korean sculptor Kwon Jin-kyu welcomes visitors with a quote at the entrance: "This door will lead you to our house full of art collections." One may catch the scent of tea leaves being roasted underneath a huge table that serves as a platform for exhibiting delicate blue-and-white tea pot and tea cup sets.

"We wanted to make visitors feel comfortable and enjoy the show with their senses as if they were actually invited to the collector's house," curator Lee Su-kyung told The Korea Herald.

"Many people wonder what kind of artworks Lee had, and expect him to have had a lot of treasures and such. In fact, he kept a lot of valuable Korean cultural artifacts that are very precious. With Lee's collection, we want the visitors to learn about our ancestors' wisdom and the path they had walked through," she added.

On display are 355 artifacts, including six state-designated national treasures and 15 treasures. The famous ink painting "Clearing after Rain on Mount Inwang" by Jeong Seon from the 18th century is on display. The Joseon-era work was shown last year at the National Museum of Korea. Some ink paintings, including "Clearing after Rain on Mount Inwang," will be replaced regularly for preservation reasons as most ink paintings must have limited exposure to light, according to the museum.

The highlights of the exhibition are "Story of the Jeong Family's Filial Son" and "Story of the Jeong Family's Filial Wife" - ink writings on silk by leading Silhak scholar Jeong Yak-yong (1762-1836) from the Joseon era. While in exile in Gangjin, South Jeolla Province for 18 years for his involvement in the Catholic Persecution of 1801, the scholar of Silhak, or practical learning, interacted with neighbors and wrote about the filial piety of his neighbor Jeong Yeo-ju's son Jeong Gwan-il and his daughter-in-law Ms. Kim.

"There were not many literary scholars who interacted with residents of the areas to where they were exiled. The ink writings show Jeong's humane personality," an official from the museum said during a press tour on Wednesday.

Claude Monet's "The Water-Lily Pond" was unveiled for the first time at the exhibition. Donated to the MMCA, the painting is estimated to have been painted between 1917 and 1920 by the renowned French Impressionist painter. Monet created more than 250 paintings of water lilies in the garden he cultivated in Giverny, a village outside of Paris. The painting is accompanied by a digital image that creates a garden-like atmosphere of the collector's house.

A number of Joseon-era furniture from the 18th and 19th centuries that were used at royal palaces are part of the exhibition. Also on display are paintings from renowned Korean painters Kim Whan-ki, Park Soo-keun, Lee Jung-seop, Chang Uc-chin and Cheon Kyung-ja. A white porcelain bottle painted in an underglaze of cobalt blue, "Faceted Bottle with Bamboo" from the 18th century shows the excellence of Joseon porcelain. The bottle has a luminous white body and clear and transparent ceramic glaze, along with a delicate illustration of bamboo.

"Collecting and preserving cultural heritage is vital for the future of human culture. It is our obligation required of the times," reads a quote from Lee displayed near the exit. It was taken from the opening ceremony speech of the Leeum Museum of Art in October 2004.

"A Collector's Invitation" will run through Aug. 28 at the National Museum of Korea. Online reservations are required and can be made at Interpark. A maximum of 100 people will be admitted to each session, with 30 slots set aside for on-site ticket buyers. A total of 15 to 21 sessions will be available every day.

MMCA is planning another exhibition that features modern Korean art from Lee Kun-hee's collection in August at the Seoul venue. This will be followed by an exhibition at the Gwacheon venue in Gyeonggi Province that will present some 120 artworks by international artists from Lee's collection, according to MMCA.

"Lee Kun-hee's collection has attracted many people to the museums, including those who had never visited a museum before. I think it is the power of art donation to get people more interested in our own cultural heritage," curator Lee said.

By Park Yuna ( yunapark@heraldcorp.com)

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You are cordially invited to the home of Lee Kun-hee the collector

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When late Samsung Chairman Lee Kun-hee and his family donated the late tycoon's collection last April to the country's national museums, the art circle was surprised at the unprecedented donation of art in Korea. Included among the approximately 23,000 donated works are national treasures and rarely seen Korean artworks.

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Cha Biotech's US subsidiary Matica Biotechnology has opened a new cell and gene therapy production facility to boost its contract development and manufacturing organization business on the global stage, officials said Wednesday.

With a 500-liter bioreactor, the new CDMO facility, based in College Station, Texas, will produce various types of viral vectors that are the essential basis of cell and gene therapy, according to Cha Biotech.

The company said that Matica Biotechnology is currently working with international pharmaceutical and laboratory equipment supplier Sartorius to develop advanced viral vector manufacturing technologies for mass production of viral vectors. Cha Biotech's US subsidiary has also partnered with nearby Texas A&M University to carry out joint research on plasmid DNA and protein to speed up the technological research and development as well as commercial manufacturing, it added.

Matica Biotechnology's research personnel consist of local experts who have experience in some 250 vector production projects for over 10 different types of viral vectors at other CDMO companies such as Lonza, Fujifilm Diosynth and Charles River, according to Cha Biotech.

"Cell and gene therapy is a treatment that is expected to grow larger than the existing chemical and protein-based drugs by applying innovative technologies," said Yun Jeong-song, CEO of Matica Biotechnology.

"We will internalize world-class technologies and bring in the research and development experience of cell therapy that our parent company Cha Biotech has accumulated for 20 years to lead the global cell and gene therapy CDMO market," she added.

By Kan Hyeong-woo ( hwkan@heraldcorp.com)

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Cha Biotech's US subsidiary opens CGT production facility

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Cha Biotech's US subsidiary Matica Biotechnology has opened a new cell and gene therapy production facility to boost its contract development and manufacturing organization business on the global stage, officials said Wednesday. With a 500-liter bioreactor, the new CDMO facility, based in College Station, Texas, will produce various types of viral vectors that are the essential basis of cell and gene therapy,...

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[포커스] 우리나라 최초의 다문화 도서관

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Korea’s first-ever multicultural libraryOn the second floor of an old building in Dongdaemun-gu, eastern Seoul, children sit scattered around the floor of a small library, reading. Behind them are walls of bookshelves filled with colorful books. In the next room, others play board games, while in th…

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"Excessive" use of artificial lights on trees during nighttime could harm trees and affect their growth, the National Institute of Forest Science said Wednesday, recommending LED decorations to be turned on for no more than six hours daily.

In a study, the state-run institute installed LED lights on three types of trees -- pine, king cherry and ginkgo -- and observed if it had effects on their nighttime breathing. Researchers exposed each tree to LED lights for six hours -- 6 p.m. to midnight -- and for 12 hours -- 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. the next day.

The study's results showed that respiration levels were similar for pine trees exposed to six hours of light compared to those not exposed, regardless of the season. But the respiration level started to rise after six hours, and for pine trees with 12-hour exposures, respiration increased by 3.2 times in summer and 1.3 times in winter.

Plants take in carbon dioxide and absorb energy from sunlight through photosynthesis, after which atmospheric CO2 is incorporated into existing organic carbon compounds. At night they release carbon dioxide -- normally much less than the amount they take in during the day -- through respiration.

Researchers explained that an increase in respiration would mean trees store less carbon, which would dampen their growth and harm their health.

Similar results were observed for other trees, with 2.2 times higher respiration for the king cherry and 4 times for ginkgo.

"Light pollution effects all types of trees, and cities should minimize turning on the artificial lights for co-existence with nature," said Lee Im-gyun, the head of Urban Forests Division of the NIFS. "It was found that the effects of artificial lights are bigger with high temperature, so it is vital to remove the decorative lights (from the lights) before plants start growing leaves in spring."

By Yoon Min-sik ( minsikyoon@heraldcorp.com)

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'Excessive' LED decorations hurt trees: study

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"Excessive" use of artificial lights on trees during nighttime could harm trees and affect their growth, the National Institute of Forest Science said Wednesday, recommending LED decorations to be turned on for no more than six hours daily.

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Kakao Enterprise officially started its digital logistics service Tuesday with a vision of leading the digital transition of the logistics market.

"Kakao Enterprise aims to connect various logistics players with each other, further expand such networks and come up withsolutions for today's complex and diverse logistics sector," said Kakao Enterprise CEO Baek Sang-yeop during a conference held at the Westin Chosun Hotel in Jung District, central Seoul, on Tuesday.

Kakao Enterprise, a Kakao subsidiary that offers artificial intelligence (AI)-based cloud services to companies, announced that its logistics business unit Kakao i LaaS, which stands for Logistics as a Service, is now officially up and running after four months of trial runs.

Powered by the company's AI and cloud technology, Kakao i LaaS service is meant to digitalize the whole logistics process, from distribution to fulfillment and delivery. It will connect freight companies to logistics centers, provide data analysis for their products, and offer a digital monitoring service for the whole process.

"We may become [the Airbnb of the logistics]," said Kim Won-tae, who is leading the Kakao i LaaS business.

Kakao Enterprise plans to extend its business overseas in the future by connecting local companies with logistics centers abroad.

"I could see how important digital transformation is for today's logistics industry," said Baek, adding that "Kakao Enterprise will actively support the business so that every participant can focus on creating value together and provide consumers with more reasonable services."

BY SHIN HA-NEE [shin.hanee@joongang.co.kr]

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Kakao Enterprise makes its move into digital logistics

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Kakao Enterprise officially started its digital logistics service Tuesday with a vision of leading the digital transition of the logistics market. "Kakao Enterprise aims to connect various logistics players with each other, further expand such networks and come up withsolutions for today's complex and diverse logistics sector," said Kakao Enterprise CEO Baek Sang-yeop during a conference held at the Westin Chosun Hotel in Jung District, central Seoul, on Tuesday.

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South Korea will nurture 40,000 professionals and 220 companies specialized in metaverse technology to achieve its goal of becoming the fifth largest country in the global metaverse market by 2026, the government said Thursday.

The Ministry of Science and ICT announced the country's pan-governmental strategic blueprint to lead the new industry to respond to economic and social changes that will be brought by the metaverse and prepare for the future.

In particular, authorities laid out four major goals -- activating the ecosystem for metaverse platforms, nurturing professionals, fostering companies and setting up a safe environment for all metaverse users.

The development of various types of the metaverse will be led by the private sector while the government will mainly focus on backing up individual developers and companies through a wide range of support measures, according to the announcement.

For instance, in the case of public services, the government will prioritize using privately-developed metaverse platforms instead of putting efforts into creating its own version.

Under the roadmap, the country plans to apply metaverse technology in the areas of arts, culture, education, K-pop and tourism while building an online Korean language institute on metaverse platforms for foreigners.

The government will also establish a metaverse academy in efforts to nurture young talent and help set up two convergence graduate schools this year by providing financial support up to 5.5 billion won ($4.6 million) for each school over the next five years.

For companies and students, the country will organize metaverse development competitions that require using domesic software programs and hold hackathons for metaverse creators.

To expand the metaverse infrastructure across the country, the government will set up a new metaverse hub this year to provide space and facilities to support startups. The country plans to create a metaverse fund to provide financial aid for small and medium firms so they can expand through merger and acquisitions.

Through the support measures, the government aims to see an annual sales of over 5 billion won from each of the 220 companies specialized in the metaverse in 2026.

With the goal of making a safe and trustworthy environment for the metaverse, the country will draft a set of ethical principles for the virtual world. As the metaverse is different from the web, the government said it will create a pan-governmental body to review related laws and revise regulations if necessary.

The government defined the metaverse as a platform that provides a virtual reality world where people and objects can interact with one another to create economic, social and cultural values.

"Metaverse is a digital new continent with infinite potential and anyone can achieve their dreams by playing as the main character. In particular, it will be a space of opportunity for young people to challenge more and grow bigger to leap into a wider world," Science and ICT Minister Lim Hye-sook said.

"Through this strategy, we will work closely with related ministries to steadily implement various support measures such as revitalizing the industrial ecosystem, fostering talent, nurturing companies, and innovating regulations so that Korea can become a leading global metaverse country."

By Kan Hyeong-woo ( hwkan@heraldcorp.com)

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Korea aims to become 5th-largest metaverse market by 2026

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South Korea will nurture 40,000 professionals and 220 companies specialized in metaverse technology to achieve its goal of becoming the fifth largest country in the global metaverse market by 2026, the government said Thursday. The Ministry of Science and ICT announced the country's pan-governmental strategic blueprint to lead the new industry to respond to economic and social changes that will be brought by ...

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South Korea's first homegrown rocket Nuri will go for a second launch in June, aiming to complete the full launch sequence this time, the Ministry of Science and ICT said Friday.

The first liftoff, which took place in October last year, came short of a successful mission as the rocket's third stage engine shut down earlier than planned. The dummy satellite could not reach sufficient orbital speed as a result. The early stages of the launch were deemed successful as the three-stage liquid-fueled rocket reached a low orbit of 700 kilometers above the ground.

After about two months of review, government officials and experts concluded in December that the loosening of a fixture that holds the rocket's helium tank blocked Nuri from a successful launch.

The ministry said that officials at the Korea Aerospace Research Institute have come up with detailed measures to fix the problems with an evaluation team composed of outside experts from industry and academia.

"The main improvements will be changing the structure to strengthen the fixture of the helium tank's lower support and enhance the lid so that Nuri can fly stably even in changing environments during flight," said Kwon Hyun-joon, Director-General of the Space and Nuclear Energy Bureau at the science ministry.

As the third stage of the rocket that will be used for the second launch has already been assembled, the official explained that the KARI will have to dismantle parts for the the third stage, reassemble them and conduct airtight tests once the changes are made.

According to the ministry, it will take an additional month to complete the process, pushing back the original launch date from May to June.

"The second launch date is June 15 and the preliminary launch dates are between June 16 and 23. The launch management committee will finalize the launch date in consideration of weather conditions in the future," said Kwon.

Regarding the third launch of the Nuri rocket slated for December, the official said postponement of the event is inevitable to early next year, as the assembling of the rocket for the third launch will have to take place after the second launch, which has been delayed for a month.

If the second launch ends in a success, South Korea will become the seventh country in the world with independent capabilities to launch a satellite weighing over 1 ton into orbit, joining the space race against the US, the EU, Japan, Russia, China and India.

Meanwhile, the government on Friday announced that it will invest 734 billion won ($610 million) into space development this year, up 18.9 percent from the previous year.

The planned projects include securing next-generation projectile technology, launching two satellites and the Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter -- the country's first space probe -- in the second half of this year and beginning the development of the Korean Positioning System.

By Kan Hyeong-woo ( hwkan@heraldcorp.com)

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South Korea's first homegrown rocket Nuri will go for a second launch in June, aiming to complete the full launch sequence this time, the Ministry of Science and ICT said Friday. The first liftoff, which took place in October last year, came short of a successful mission as the rocket's third stage engine shut down earlier than planned.

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By Park Han-solVENICE, Italy ― Reaching the cylindrical steel building of "Corea" in the Giardini, Venice's public parkland that is home to 29 national pavilions, required patience at the pre-opening of the 59th Venice Biennale on Wednesday (local time).After the world's longest-running international exhibition of contemporary art was postponed by a year due to the coronavirus pandemic, its return was met with overwhelming enthusiasm from art lovers flocking back to Italy's floating city en masse.A total of 80 national pavilions represented by each country's curator and artists ― either located inside the Giardini or throughout Venice's city center ― are participating this year to showcase a wide range of works in dialogue with the biennale's eager audience.Waiting in front of the park's entrance as early as an hour before the scheduled opening at 10 a.m. were a crowd of art collectors, gallery and museum directors, journalists and families with young children. Some were browsing through the biennale's brochure to strategize their routes or simply kill time, while others gazed in awe at the line of people behind them growing with each passing second.It was a glimpse of the pre-pandemic life that so many have been pining for ― especially with the outdoor face mask mandate lifted throughout the country since February.Dozens of the national pavilions sprawled across the green parkland soon became busy greeting visitors for the first time in three years. The door to the Russian Pavilion, however, remained firmly closed as its curator and team of artists resigned just two months before the biennale's opening following Russia's invasion of Ukraine.After hastening past the silent building and venturing further into the Giardini, visitors could turn to the right to face the Korean Pavilion, a white structure tucked away at the far end.Once inside, viewers immediately locked eyes with a 50-meter-long kaleidoscopic installation, tied in a special knot to resemble a distorted whale backbone. It writhes and twists as if alive on its own."Chroma V" is the centerpiece among five kinetic installations and a wall drawing on display at the Korean Pavilion's exhibition this year, "Gyre," under the vision of artist Kim Yun-chul. It's another ambitious step taken forward by the creator known for his transdisciplinary practices spanning art, literature, mythology, philosophy and science. The show is curated by Lee Young-chul and commissioned by the Arts Council of Korea.Inspired by the Irish poet William Butler Yeat's "The Second Coming," where he used the concept of the gyre as an intense, chaotic force that brings irreversible changes to human history and ushers in a new era, Kim likened the present to another moment of gyre."I believe we are experiencing that motion of the gyre at this very moment, marked by the postponed Venice Biennale following the global pandemic and war in Ukraine," Kim said at the pavilion's preview show.Some of the works themselves explicitly visualize a swirling vortex ― notably, "Chroma V."Inside the fish scale-like cells that make up 382 joints of the writhing body is a substance specially designed by the artist's studio ― near-transparent laminate polymers. As the entire piece continues to wriggle, the polymer layers inside are subject to deformation and friction. To the human eye, they are what causes the gleaming changes in color and brightness."Whereas other artists use dyes and pigments to express color, I use optics ― creating iridescent hues born from the light as it gets distorted while passing through a certain substance," he said, adding that one viewer commented that the piece looks like, "a cosmic painting."But how can "Chroma V" be moving and behaving like an organic body?The answer lies in another spectacular work next door: "Argos ― The Swollen Suns."Emitting an eerie, pulsating sound and flashing light, the installation consists of 246 Geiger-Muller tubes capable of detecting invisible particles around us ― what are known as muons.Muons are created when high-energy particles called cosmic rays enter and collide with the Earth's atmosphere."As soon as Argo's hundreds of tubes detect muons that are originally from space, they then send signals based on these particle's movements to other kinetic installations, like 'Chroma V' and 'Impulse,' triggering their movements," the artist said."It's like receiving a direct message from a certain cosmological event. The reason why I chose to solely detect muons, and not other invisible particles around us on Earth, was because I wanted to expand the worldview offered by the piece ― extending beyond the world of humans and their art to outer space."A 30-minute walk from the Giardini across Venice's city center will take visitors to the Spazio Berlendis, an art space located in the neighborhood of Cannaregio, where a special exhibition dedicated to the 1980 Gwangju pro-democracy movement is being held.Curated by the Gwangju Biennale Foundation, "To Where the Flowers are Blooming" invites the works of 11 artists that either speak directly to the civil uprising carried out in protest of dictator Chun Doo-hwan's declaration of martial law or serve as metaphors for a larger historical narrative of resistance.While the show has toured around the cities of Seoul, Gwangju, Cologne and Taipei since 2020, what makes the Venice edition particularly intriguing is none other than the location of its venue.Straight across the nearest stretch of water from the exhibition hall lies San Michele, also known as the "Isle of the Dead" ― a burial ground for many Venetians since the early 1800s. And just around the corner from the venue stand casket-making workshops.Being close to the commemorative site for the deceased creates an unexpected, yet befitting atmosphere for the special exhibition, according to the foundation's project manager Park Bo-na, as the Gwangju Uprising was brutally suppressed by the government and left nearly 200 dead.Among the works on display is Choi Sun's "Butterflies," part of an ongoing project the artist has been engaged in since 2014. What looks like flying blue butterflies or petals from afar are, in fact, traces of human breaths blown into the wet ink.Traveling to different cities and countries, he captures and records the breaths of people from a wide range of ages and different nationalities, genders and religions on canvas."We saw the artist's piece as a metaphor for the collective power of breath and the sacrifices made by nameless individuals," Park said.The 2022 edition of the Venice Biennale runs until Nov. 27 mainly at the two sites ― the Giardini and the Arsenale, a former shipyard ― with numerous collateral exhibitions and events taking place throughout the Italian city's winding maze of alleyways, piazzas and bridges.Its chief show ― the International Art Exhibition ― is curated by Cecilia Alemani under the theme of "The Milk of Dreams," inviting 213 creators from 58 countries. Satellite exhibition near Venice's cemetery island highlights Gwangju's spirit of resistance

Revisiting 'Gwangju Spirit' in Italy's floating city

Its appearance alone is certainly more than enough to mesmerize the audience, with some standing for minutes in silence staring at the resplendent cells that twist and turn.

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Korean Pavilion's 'Gyre' showcased as part of Venice Biennale's triumphant return

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By Park Han-solVENICE, Italy ― Reaching the cylindrical steel building of "Corea" in the Giardini, Venice's public parkland that is home to 29 national pavilions, required patience at the pre-opening of the 59th Venice Biennale on Wednesday (local time).After the world's longest-running international exhibition of contemporary art was postponed by

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고 스페인 예술가 조안 미로(1893-1983)는 종종 그의 그림과 조각품에서 여성, 새, 별을 묘사하곤 했다. 밝은 색상의 넓은 팔레트, 상징적인 모티브와 우주론적 요소의 혼합을 사용하여, 그의 작품은 이 세상에서 벗어난 듯한 상상력을 기반으로 작품을 그렸다.

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The late Spanish artist Joan Miró (1893-1983) often depicted women, birds and stars in his paintings and sculptures. Using a wide palette of bright colors and a mixture of symbolic motifs with cosmologic elements, his artworks were based on an imagination that was out of this world.

A retrospective of Miró, titled "Joan Miró: Women, Birds, Stars," is currently on view at the My Art Museum in Gangnam District, southern Seoul. Around 70 pieces were loaned by Fundació Joan Miró, a museum dedicated to Miró in Barcelona.

Many of Miró's works are about freedom and spontaneity, as shown in his illustrations of birds. As opposed to snakes - which due to their nature of crawling on the ground typically symbolize the secular world - birds fly unrestrictedly and therefore are capable of "connecting" humans to a Utopia-like world.

"The simplest things give me ideas. A plate that a peasant eats his soup out of is much more interesting to me than the ridiculously rich plates of rich people. Folk art moves me. In this art there are no tricks, there is no fakery. It goes straight to the heart of things. It surprises, and it is so rich with possibilities," Miró said in an interview in 1959.

Most of the interpretations of Miró's works fall into the hands of viewers. There are no exact answers, as Miró even said himself in 1936, he creates artworks by "[feeling] attracted by a magnetic force toward an object, and then [feeling] drawn toward another object which is added to the first, and their combination creates a poetic shock."

"Joan Miró: Women, Birds, Stars" continues until Sept. 12. My Art Museum is open every day from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. Tickets range from 12,000 won ($9) to 20,000 won and can be purchased on Interpark or Naver.

BY SHIN MIN-HEE [shin.minhee@joongang.co.kr]

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My Art Museum opens retrospective on Spanish artist Joan Miró

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The late Spanish artist Joan Miró (1893-1983) often depicted women, birds and stars in his paintings and sculptures. Using a wide palette of bright colors and a mixture of symbolic motifs with cosmologic elements, his artworks were based on an...

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Korean scientists develop world’s 1st photothermal filters that kill coronavirus

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South Korean scientists have developed the world’s first photothermal-effect-based high efficiency particulate air filter -- also known as HEPA filter -- that can take out 99.9 percent of influenza and COVID-19 viruses, the Korea Institute of Energy Research said Tuesday. The photothermal effect,…

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http://m.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20220509000541&ACE_SEARCH=1

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LG Chem and the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) have developed a technology that efficiently turns carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide, which is used to produce alternative fuels and plastic.

The two parties have developed an electrochemical reactor for converting carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide at the highest level of efficiency through joint research, the company said.

Carbon monoxide is needed to produce alternative fuel sources such as synthesis gas and methanol, as well as various chemical materials including plastic.

The electrochemical conversion technology uses electricity to convert carbon dioxide into high value-added carbon compounds such as carbon monoxide, helping reduce greenhouse gas and making use of the ample carbon dioxide in the air to achieve carbon neutrality.

By controlling the ratio of carbon monoxide and hydrogen through voltage adjustment, the reactor developed by LG Chem and KIST can also produce synthesis gas, which is used to make various fuels and chemical compounds.

The efficiency of the electric current used to break down carbon dioxide and deoxidize is more than 90 percent, the highest reported so far.

By applying a stack method, developers can build an electrochemical reactor of an optimal size to seek commercialization, the company said.

LG Chem and KIST plan to increase the size of the reactor more than tenfold to secure technology for mass production.

They also plan to develop a technology to collect carbon dioxide from the air to produce ethylene, which is used to make various petrochemical products.

By Kim So-hyun (sophie@heraldcorp.com)

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LG Chem, KIST develop tech for efficient carbon dioxide conversion

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LG Chem and the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) have developed a technology that efficiently turns carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide, which is used to produce alternative fuels and plastic. The two parties have developed an electrochemical reactor for converting carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide at the highest level of efficiency through joint research, the company said.

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The G7 club of wealthy nations committed Sunday to phasing out its dependency on Russian oil and issued a scathing statement accusing President Vladimir Putin of bringing "shame" on Russia with his invasion of Ukraine.The statement from the Group of Seven ― France, Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, Britain and the United States ― did not specify exactly what commitments each country will make to move away from Russian energy.But it was an important development in the ongoing campaign to pressure Putin by crippling Russia's economy, and underscores the unity of the international community against Moscow's actions."We commit to phase out our dependency on Russian energy, including by phasing out or banning the import of Russian oil. We will ensure that we do so in a timely and orderly fashion, and in ways that provide time for the world to secure alternative supplies," the joint statement said."This will hit hard at the main artery of Putin's economy and deny him the revenue he needs to fund his war," the White House said. The announcement came as the G7 held its third meeting of the year Sunday via video conference, with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy participating. The West has so far displayed close coordination in its announcements of sanctions against Russia, but has not moved at the same pace when it comes to Russian oil and gas.The United States, which was not a major consumer of Russian hydrocarbons, has already banned their import.But Europe is far more reliant on Russian oil. The European Union has already said it is aiming to cut its reliance on Russian gas by two-thirds this year, though Germany has opposed calls for a full boycott, with member states continuing intense negotiations Sunday. The G7 also slammed Putin personally for his actions in Ukraine.The Russian president's "unprovoked war of aggression" against its Eastern European neighbor has brought "shame on Russia and the historic sacrifices of its people," the group said in its statement."Russia has violated the international rules-based order, particularly the UN Charter, conceived after the Second World War to spare successive generations from the scourge of war," the statement continued.

The date of Sunday's G7 meeting is highly symbolic: Europeans commemorate the end of World War II in Europe, May 8. Sunday's meeting also comes on the eve of the May 9 military parade in Russia, which marks the Soviet Union's victory over Nazi Germany. Washington also announced a new round of sanctions against Russia in a White House statement Sunday, focusing on two major areas: the media, and access by Russian companies and wealthy individuals to world-leading U.S. accounting and consulting services.The U.S. will sanction Joint Stock Company Channel One Russia, Television Station Russia-1, and Joint Stock Company NTV Broadcasting Company. Any U.S. company will be prohibited from financing them through advertising or selling them equipment."U.S. companies should not be in the business of funding Russian propaganda," said a senior White House official who requested anonymity, stressing that these media were directly or indirectly controlled by the Kremlin.Another line of attack by Washington: banning the provision of "accounting, trust and corporate formation, and management consulting services to any person in the Russian Federation," according to the White House.Those services are used to run multinational companies, but also potentially to circumvent sanctions or hide ill-gotten wealth, the White House official said. The official stressed that while the Europeans had the closest industrial links with Russia, the United States and the United Kingdom dominated the world of accounting and consulting, notably through the "Big Four" ― the four global audit and consulting giants Deloitte, EY, KPMG and PwC.Washington has also announced new bans on the export of American products to Russia, covering a range of capital goods from bulldozers to ventilation systems and boilers. The United States announced Sunday that it would impose visa restrictions on 2,600 Russian and Belarusian officials, as well as sanctions against officials of Sberbank and Gazprombank. (AFP) Fresh U.S. sanctions

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G7 countries pledge to stop Russia oil imports

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The G7 club of wealthy nations committed Sunday to phasing out its dependency on Russian oil and issued a scathing statement accusing President Vladimir Putin of bringing "shame" on Russia with his invasion of Ukraine.The statement from the Group of Seven ― France, Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, Britain and the

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
LG Chem and the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) have developed a technology that efficiently turns carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide, which is used to produce alternative fuels and plastic.

The two parties have developed an electrochemical reactor for converting carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide at the highest level of efficiency through joint research, the company said.

Carbon monoxide is needed to produce alternative fuel sources such as synthesis gas and methanol, as well as various chemical materials including plastic.

The electrochemical conversion technology uses electricity to convert carbon dioxide into high value-added carbon compounds such as carbon monoxide, helping reduce greenhouse gas and making use of the ample carbon dioxide in the air to achieve carbon neutrality.

By controlling the ratio of carbon monoxide and hydrogen through voltage adjustment, the reactor developed by LG Chem and KIST can also produce synthesis gas, which is used to make various fuels and chemical compounds.

The efficiency of the electric current used to break down carbon dioxide and deoxidize is more than 90 percent, the highest reported so far.

By applying a stack method, developers can build an electrochemical reactor of an optimal size to seek commercialization, the company said.

LG Chem and KIST plan to increase the size of the reactor more than tenfold to secure technology for mass production.

They also plan to develop a technology to collect carbon dioxide from the air to produce ethylene, which is used to make various petrochemical products.

By Kim So-hyun (sophie@heraldcorp.com)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
LG Chem, KIST develop tech for efficient carbon dioxide conversion

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
LG Chem and the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) have developed a technology that efficiently turns carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide, which is used to produce alternative fuels and plastic. The two parties have developed an electrochemical reactor for converting carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide at the highest level of efficiency through joint research, the company said.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
South Korean researchers have developed the world's first fiber-based white organic light-emitting diodes, or WOLEDs, paving the way for more functional wearable tech, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology said Wednesday.

The research team came up with a single, dip-coated white emission layer suitable for a fiber structure to design the fiber-based WOLEDs. In doing so, the researchers figured out how to implement WOLEDs on a string of fiber through simulation and optimization of the white spectra, according to KAIST, whose study was published in interdisciplinary premium open access journal Advanced Science.

Prior to the study, putting WOLEDs on a string of fiber has been difficult as it was composed of a tandem structure, which is two to three times larger than a single-stacked structure of an OLED of three primary colors: red, yellow and blue.

KAIST said the fiber-based WOLEDs displayed strong lighting performance and reliable color index as well as stable durability in terms of sweat resistance, pressure resistance and biocompatibility.

"As we developed an essential technology that was missing in the field of electronic fiber display, we expect that it will allow the realization of high-quality electronic fiber display," said Hwang Yong-ha, lead author of the research.

Pointing out that WOLEDs are necessary for full-color display, the researchers said they expect the fiber-based WOLEDs to be utilized in various areas such as fashion, functional clothing and vehicle design.

KAIST added that various efforts across the globe are being put into enhancing the technology of electronic fiber display as it could help redefine the wearable technology landscape.

By Kan Hyeong-woo ( hwkan@heraldcorp.com)

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Korea develops world's 1st fiber-based white OLEDs

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South Korean researchers have developed the world's first fiber-based white organic light-emitting diodes, or WOLEDs, paving the way for more functional wearable tech, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology said Wednesday. The research team came up with a single, dip-coated white emission layer suitable for a fiber structure to design the fiber-based WOLEDs.

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South Korean researchers have developed a computer that can save data even after the power is turned off, facilitating ways to reduce electric power consumption, the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology said Monday.

The research team led by Jung Myoung-soo, an electrical engineering professor at KAIST, has invented the Lightweight Persistence Centric System or Light PC, which can retain data regardless of power supply, according to KAIST.

KAIST said most existing computers use dynamic random access memory (DRAM) chips as the main memory storage unit. DRAM chips not only consume much more power, but lose data when the computer is shut down. In 2015, US tech firm Intel announced a product called Optane Memory, which is designed to store data when the computer is off. However, it cannot retain every piece of data because it runs too slow.

Data centers and other high-tech computers use a checkpointing technique that regularly transfers data to solid-state drives to prevent loss, but it takes extra time and energy consumption. It also requires rebooting the whole system after blackouts.

Pointing out the fatal downsides of existing technologies, the research team said by using only persistent memory processors, Light PC doesn't need any rebooting process.

Light PC users can also enjoy high performance like DRAM in using computer programs, thanks to technology that has minimized the data processing structure and maximized parallel computing. In parallel computing, many calculations or application processes can be done simultaneously. Compared to standard computer models, computers with Light PC can have 8 times larger memory and carry out 4.3 times more applications and programs.

"Based on large computer memory and reliable services, Light PC can help data centers or other facilities that use high-tech computers meet their net zero carbon emission goals," said Jung, adding that the computer takes up 73 percent less power than other models.

Jung added the research technology can be applied to minimize battery consumption in vehicles, mobile phones and Internet of Things as well.

In June, Jung's team will present the Light PC research paper at the International Symposium on Computer Architecture in New York.

The research was sponsored by the Ministry of Science and ICT and the Institute for Information & Communication Technology Planning & Evaluation under the ministry. Other sponsors include the state-run National Research Foundation of Korea and a next generation memory developer called Memray.

By Byun Hye-jin ( hyejin2@heraldcorp.com)

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S. Korea develops world's 1st computer to save data without power

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
South Korean researchers have developed a computer that can save data even after the power is turned off, facilitating ways to reduce electric power consumption, the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology said Monday. The research team led by Jung Myoung-soo, an electrical engineering professor at KAIST, has invented the Lightweight Persistence Centric System or Light PC, which can retain data regardless...

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1. 6개의 분야중 자신의 관심분야를 선정하고 영문 기사를 검색하여 링크합니다.
2. 자신이 링크한 글에 댓글로 기사문의 내용을 소개하고 선정한 이유를 작성합니다.
3. 같은 주제에 올린 다른 사람들의 글을 보고 댓글을 답니다.

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사회생활, 봉사, 배려

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사회생활, 봉사, 배려

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사회과학, 심리학, 대인관계

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사회과학, 심리학, 대인관계

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심미적 심성, 광고, 창의력 융복합

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심미적 심성, 광고, 창의력 융복합

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영문기사 검색 사이트(추천)

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영문기사 검색 사이트(추천)

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