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1790  the US begins issuing patents for inventions.

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1790  the US begins issuing patents for inventions.

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By 1860, only 36,000 had been granted, but between 1860 and 1900, the number soared to over 600,000.

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By 1860, only 36,000 had been granted, but between 1860 and 1900, the number soared to over 600,000.

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Artist and inventor Samuel F.B. Morse created the first practical telegraph in 1837.

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Artist and inventor Samuel F.B. Morse created the first practical telegraph in 1837.

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To send messages by electrical signal, he used a system of dots and dashes, later known as Morse code.

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In 1843, Morse established an experimental telegraph line connecting Washington, D.C., to Baltimore, Maryland, and opened the line for commercial use the following year.

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In 1843, Morse established an experimental telegraph line connecting Washington, D.C., to Baltimore, Maryland, and opened the line for commercial use the following year.

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In this 1863 illustration, soldiers work installing an army telegraph line. The first telegraph lines were installed in 1843, and by 1866, companies had laid over 75,000 miles of wire.

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Several companies established telegraph networks, but by the 1870s, the Western Union Telegraph Company dominated the industry.

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Several companies established telegraph networks, but by the 1870s, the Western Union Telegraph Company dominated the industry.

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In 1900, nearly a million miles of telegraph wire carried more than 60 million messages a year.

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In 1900, nearly a million miles of telegraph wire carried more than 60 million messages a year.

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By 1911, the country had 1.5 million miles of telegraph wire. 

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By 1911, the country had 1.5 million miles of telegraph wire. 

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Someone could send a telegram from virtually anywhere in the United States to virtually anywhere else, faster than ever before.

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For nearly 12 years, inventor Alexander Graham Bell pursued the idea of ​​sending voice over wires, and finally succeeded on March 10, 1876.

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For nearly 12 years, inventor Alexander Graham Bell pursued the idea of ​​sending voice over wires, and finally succeeded on March 10, 1876.

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Bell's invention attracted widespread financial support, and in 1877 he founded the Bell Telephone Company.

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Bell's invention attracted widespread financial support, and in 1877 he founded the Bell Telephone Company.

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That same year, the first commercial telephone line was installed in Boston.

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By 1893, more than 250,000 telephones were in use. That year, Bell's patent expired, allowing others to profit from his invention.

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By 1893, more than 250,000 telephones were in use. That year, Bell's patent expired, allowing others to profit from his invention.

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By 1920, the number of commercial telephones had grown to at least 13 million.

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By 1920, the number of commercial telephones had grown to at least 13 million.

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In 1903, brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright made the first successful powered airplane flights in history near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

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In the mid-19th century, a Canadian scientist discovered how to refine crude oil seeping from the ground into a lamp oil called kerosene.

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In 1858, Drake traveled to Titusville, Pennsylvania.

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In 1858, Drake traveled to Titusville, Pennsylvania.

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While in Titusville, Drake studied salt well drilling techniques and decided to lease land from the company for oil drilling.

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In August 1859, after several weeks of drilling, he struck oil.

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In August 1859, after several weeks of drilling, he struck oil.

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In the following years, numerous other wells were drilled in Pennsylvania and 13 other states.

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A new technology for transforming iron into steel gave rise to the large-scale steel industry.

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A new technology for transforming iron into steel gave rise to the large-scale steel industry.

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Before the 1850s, however, the process of making steel from iron was considerably time-consuming and expensive.

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The rise of the skyscraper was based on two technologies developed in the 1850s.

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The rise of the skyscraper was based on two technologies developed in the 1850s.

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The Bessemer process, which produced inexpensive steel, allowed engineers to build tall structures that wouldn't collapse under their own weight, since the resulting steel was lighter and stronger than iron and brick.

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In 1855, a British inventor named Henry Bessemer patented a new method of making steel, known as the Bessemer process.

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In 1855, a British inventor named Henry Bessemer patented a new method of making steel, known as the Bessemer process.

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In 1873, he began founding the Carnegie Steel Company.

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In 1873, he began founding the Carnegie Steel Company.

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which later built the largest and most modern steel mill of its time near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

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In 1883, the world's longest suspension bridge, the Brooklyn Bridge, opened.

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In 1883, the world's longest suspension bridge, the Brooklyn Bridge, opened.

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spanning 2,018 meters over the East River in New York City.

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Two years later, builders erected the world's first skyscraper.

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Two years later, builders erected the world's first skyscraper.

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a 10-story building in downtown Chicago.

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In 1882, Edison built a central generating plant in New York City.

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In 1882, Edison built a central generating plant in New York City.

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and his wiring electrified a portion of lower Manhattan.

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By 1891, there were over 1,300 power plants.

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By 1891, there were over 1,300 power plants.

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providing enough electricity to power about 3 million light bulbs.

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The Electricity Building graced the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.

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The Electricity Building graced the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.

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This venue highlighted recent advances in the field of electricity.

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1920  13 million phones are in use in the US

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1920  13 million phones are in use in the US