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Early computers were very limited in their capabilities, they were used for
mathematical calculations

They were very large and expensive

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Computers were used to provide repetitive lessons, this computers took the role as teacher, and gave students positive and
negative feedback.

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The commuicative CALL shifted language learning from repetitive "drill and practice" toward aythentic communication, encouraging students to create their own sentences and interact in L2. Some computer games promoted analytical skills and student choice. The arrival of affordable Apple PCs in schools enabled creative uses such as writing, discussion, and critival thinking, supported by tools like word processors, spreadsheets, and presentation software.

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In the 1990s, Integrative CALL emphasized project based learning and skill integration, supported by new technologies like multimedia (CD, with text images, video, sound, and hyperlinks) and the internet. These tools gave students more control, authentic learning, and access to resources, but software was often expensive and not always pedagogically souns. The internet enabled real time communication and collaboration, but computers could not replace human teachers. Good teaching still relied on strong pedagogical principles, regardless or technology.

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From 2000´s to 2025´s, compuetrs became faster, smaller, and more connected, with laptops, smartphones, and tablets, making technology portable. High speed internet, cloud storage, and social media transformed communication, while AI, online learning, and collaboration tools reshaped education and work.