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Henna was used to color nails

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In 1901 The "Gibson Girls" thought that all women should use small corsets to make you have a small waist. Since they cared a lot about their appearance.

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Forget about Kim, Khloe, and Kourtney. At the turn of the twentieth century, it was all about Evelyn, Camille, and Irene, the original "Gibson Girls" and the models for the drawings that changed the way America thought about women.

Though the 1890s may seem buttoned up by modern standards, they were anything but. Independent, well-read, and urbane, a new class of woman was emerging in America's cities. This "New Woman" did not care to be chaperoned in public. She was athletic and free-spirited. Above all, she was educated, taking advantage of new access to secondary school and college.

She was also scary. By the 1890s, the reform fervor of suffragists and their sisters had ceased to be cute and started to be all too real. The status quo was being challenged by Progressive politics, new divorce laws, and women who chose to work outside the home. Charles Dana Gibson, a popular illustrator, looked down on reform zeal in women. And so he created "the Gibson girl," a catch-all representation of a kinder, gentler New Woman-one who rode bikes, wore casual clothing, and flaunted her attitude, but was above all beautiful and anonymous. By the 1910s, to visit Gibson's office was to push your way through hundreds of gorgeous models with big hair and small waists, each vying for a go as one of Gibson's girls.

Gibson Girls in "The Weaker Sex." | Charles Dana Gibson, Wikimedia Commons // Public Domain

If ever there was a figure that expressed ambiguity about its subject, it was the Gibson Girl. Gibson's creations poked men with pins and looked at them under magnifying glasses, towered over infatuated suitors, and even played golf-all while rocking gigantic pompadours and chignons, crisp shirtwaists and impeccably corseted hips. You wouldn't see her at a settlement house or a suffrage rally, but you might spot her by the Ouija board or by the sea, working her hose and bathing costume with all of the self-conscious hauteur of a Kim K. selfie.

"Wear a blank expression/and a monumental curl/And walk with a bend in your back/Then they will call you a Gibson Girl." Camille Clifford, a Belgian songbird, sang this tune with great irony in 1907, long after she won an international magazine contest in search of the woman who best embodied Gibson's girl. Known for her 18-inch waist and her signature walk, she took the theatrical world by storm without benefit of acting skills or much more than the rumor that she had eloped with a British lord. She can also be blamed for the high-maintenance fashion craze that was the S-curve, an overtly sensuous look achieved by a corset laced nearly to the knees.

Gibson Girls in "Love in a Garden." | Charles Dana Gibson, Wikimedia Commons // Public Domain

Evelyn Nesbit, another one of Gibson's models, boasted of a career that started as the first supermodel and ended with the first "trial of the century" of the 1900s. Like many others, Gibson was entranced by her luxurious, over-the-top hair, which he molded into a question mark for one of the most famous Gibson Girl drawings, entitled "Woman: The Eternal Question." A recent book claims that a photograph of Evelyn even inspired Lucy Maud Montgomery to write Anne of Green Gables.

Evelyn appeared on magazine covers, pouted as a "Florodora girl," and was eventually seduced by notorious womanizer Stanford White, who infamously placed her on a red velvet swing in his apartment so he could admire her before deflowering her. Eventually, she married millionaire Harry Kendall Thaw, who shot White to death after spotting him at Madison Square Garden. The trial that ensued put O.J. Simpson's to shame, with wall-to-wall tabloid coverage and a deadlocked jury. After her husband was convicted, Evelyn went on to work in silent films, burlesque, and even operated her own Prohibition-era speakeasy.

Ironically, the least famous of the Gibson Girls was probably the original, and Irene Langhorne Gibson was far closer to the independent New Woman than her husband liked to admit. Known for her supermodel looks and her Virginia fortune, Irene fended off plenty of proposals before falling in love with Gibson. But though her tall stature and haughty, almost arrogant looks inspired her husband, Irene was far more noteworthy for her passion for Progressive politics. Her philanthropic efforts helped troubled women and children, and her ability to use her society connections effected real change. While Gibson turned women back into Girls, Irene quietly and tirelessly showed just what a woman could achieve.

Additional References: The Bystander: An Illustrated Weekly, Devoted to Travel, Literature, Art, the Drama, Progress, Locomotion, Volume 12; Dress Culture in Late Victorian Women's Fiction: Literacy, Textiles, and Activism; Gibson Girls and Suffragists: Perceptions of Women from 1900 to 1918; The American New Woman Revisited: A Reader, 1894-1930; Early College Women: Determined to be Educated; Nancy: The Story of Mary Astor; Encyclopedia Virginia: Irene Langhorne Gibson; Leslie Stuart: Composer of Florodora; American Eve; Looking for Anne of Green Gables: The Story of L. M. Montgomery and Her Literary Classic

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The Gibson Girls: The Kardashians of the Early 1900s

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Forget about Kim, Khloe, and Kourtney. At the turn of the 20th century, it was all about Evelyn, Camille, and Irene.

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Charles Nessler invented the first perm machine that curled hair.

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First ever made hair dye was a French person called Eugene Schueller which is L'Oreal !

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First ever razor was made by Gillette and the razor was called Milady Décolleté

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There were 21,000 established hairdressing shops in the United States.

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In 1932 the beauty micrometer was created and its purpose was to identify beauty defects so that makeup could be applied.

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Charles Revson created the first nail polish!

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In 1934 Max Factor Sr. created the first contour. He applied makeup to movie stars and made contour as a face shader so it didn't look so flat on the film.

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In 1935 Max Factor created pancake makeup for actors to make their skin look more natural in films.

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Platinum Blonde hair inspired by Marilyn Monroe 

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Platinum Blonde hair inspired by Marilyn Monroe 

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The Woodbury cream made in the 1940s would help hydrate and cleanse the face.

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There were 21,000 established hairdressing shops in the United States.

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In the 1930s, the major women's hair trends were all about waves. women wore loose to crisp waves and parts sweeping to the side or down the middle.

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Soft waves and curls were starting to be used a lot

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In 1941, scientists developed another method of permanent waving using waving lotion.

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A disinfectant for styling tools was created by Maurice King in 1947!

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During World War ll disposable aerosol cans were invented. In 1948 Chase Products used this new aerosol technology to create a resin based hairspray. As more sculpted and structured hairstyles became popular, hairspray got higher in demand. By 1964 hairspray was the top selling beauty product in America.

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one of the most copied pinup hair dos of the 1940’s. Waves, pin curls, bumper bangs, pompadours, the 1940’s was all about up dos !

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The 50s had bold looks with a bright red lip and focus on the femininity.

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Beauty Ideals over the Decades: 1950’s - Made By Risch

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In the uncertain times following the end of World War II, tradition and conservative values made a big comeback. As men returned from battle reclaiming their jobs, women left their work-clothes behind and felt the need (fashion dictated) to be feminine again. After a long and costly war, sales were strengthened through advertisements illustrating what one should buy to become a better, happier and more desirable wife. It was a Mid-Century Conservative, and women were told that their primary goal was to catch a man and have a family. The effect was the creation of popular 50’s image of the glamorous woman at home, able to attend to all domestic chores without a hair out of place. Rule number one was that women were never supposed to leave the house looking sloppy. As a result, an extreme amount of time was spent living up to this ideal of beauty. The hourglass body type was highly desired, typified by the curvaceous movie stars of the time such as Marilyn Monroe and Grace Kelly. Corsets and girdles became the obligatory underwear of all well-dressed women. They were used to press, lift, pull, and support the body in all the right places to give a smooth, but dramatic figure. In spite of their discomfort, advertisements of these garments promised a better life. A typical 50’s silhouette had the “wasp’s waist”, full skirt or pencil skirt, three-quarter-sleeve tops and coats, full belted skirts, button-downs, and prim sweaters. Women were taught to dress to allure, but rarely showed a great deal of skin. The makeup-trend of the time was the “doe eye,” created with shadow on the lids, eyebrow pencil, mascara and heavy eyeliner, along with a flawless pale, peaches and cream complexion and intensely colored lips. Women’s hair suffered immense abuse, as it was teased, styled, sculpted and sprayed into a helmet of perfectly formed curls, waves and bouffants. It was usually kept short at just below the shoulders, worn in soft, curly, or wavy styles. Since straight styles were considered undesirable, rollers became a girl’s best friend. The 50’s was the decade of the Pin-up, the era that gave us the launch of Playboy magazine and the idolization of the soft, coquettish woman with overt sexuality. The 50’s was about the extreme opposites of gender roles, with an emphasis on what the perfect woman or man should be. The cause and effect was an unattainable ideal created by the advertisement industry to entice people to buy more products. Comically, this unnatural attention to perfection still keeps a large amount of people nostalgic (for a better time), decades later. Original article: https://www.idealiststyle.com/blog/beauty-ideal-over-the-decades-part-2-the-50s

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they created tube mascara for your eyelashes

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Marcel Grateau invented the curling tongs in late 19th century. It was made for deep waves in your hair and/or curls.