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Health too me means being physically and mentally free from disease, maintaining good social well-being. Health too me is also about generally feeling good about yourself including things like taking care of yourself by partaking in things like,  self care, exercising, getting the correct amount of sleep and having an adequate diet.

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For me, the most relevant clinical standard would be for Clinicians to develop and maintain an awareness of their own culture, beliefs, values and biases, and their impact on the clinician’s interactions in healthcare settings. Comparing my understanding before, I have improved my knowledge of health in cultures and also the importance behind it. Having applied health to my culture I now feel more open to learning about how other cultures and how they are connected to their health. This skill will be useful to me in the workplace because when I interact with patients of different cultural backgrounds I can share mine and try make them feel as comfortable. Because I am not confident with every culture I will now need to maintain awareness of others cultures and beliefs. Initially I felt that my culture didn't play that much of an importance to my health care profession subsequently as I continue learning it has made me more open minded.

Migrant and Refugee Health Partnership. (2020, December 9). Competency standards framework. Migrant & Refugee Women’s Health Partnership. https://culturaldiversityhealth.org.au/competency-standards-framework/

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A very loved South African dish which has a mixture of curried meat and fruit layered with a golden topping.

2 slices white bread

2 onions, chopped

25g butter

2 garlic cloves, crushed

1kg packet lean minced beef

2 tbsp Madras curry paste

1 tsp dried mixed herbs

3 cloves

5 allspice berries

2 tbsp peach or mango chutney

3 tbsp sultana

6 bay leaves For the topping

300ml full-cream milk

2 large eggs

STEP 1

Heat oven to 180C/fan 160C/gas 4. Pour cold water over the bread and set aside to soak.

STEP 2

Meanwhile, fry the onions in the butter, stirring regularly for 10 mins until they are soft and starting to colour. Add the garlic and beef and stir well, crushing the mince into fine grains until it changes colour. Stir in the curry paste, herbs, spices, chutney, sultanas and 2 of the bay leaves with 1 tsp salt and plenty of ground black pepper.

STEP 3

Cover and simmer for 10 mins. Squeeze the water from the bread, then beat into the meat mixture until well blended. Tip into an oval ovenproof dish (23 x 33cm and about 5-6cm deep). Press the mixture down well and smooth the top. You can make this and chill 1 day ahead.

STEP 4

For the topping, beat the milk and eggs with seasoning, then pour over the meat. Top with the remaining bay leaves and bake for 35-40 mins until the topping is set and starting to turn golden.

Buenfeld, S. (2022, November 8). Bobotie. recipe | BBC Good Food. https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/bobotie

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The song was written for one of the biggest international gatherings ever, the first football world championship to take place on the African continent in South Africa. This song brought South Africa together as a whole, making them more connected to their culture and promoting health all around.

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The springbok is a significant animal to the people of South Africa and has served as a national emblem for many years. The springbok represents strength, bravery, and tenacity as well as the South African people's capacity to persevere in the face of misfortune. A source of pride for the people of South Africa, the springbok plays a significant role in their culture.

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The indigenous Khoikhoi and San people, who regard it as a sacred site and a representation of their past, have always valued Table Mountain highly in terms of culture and history. Because of its significance people have a spiritual connection the site promoting good metal health wellbeing.

Table Mountain National Park. (2023). Table mountain, a natural wonder. Table Mountain. https://tablemountainnationalpark.org/#:~:text=Beyond%20its%20striking%20physical%20appearance,found%20nowhere%20else%20on%20earth.

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Health issues that migrant/refugees endure in Australia 

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Health issues that migrant/refugees endure in Australia 

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After arriving in Australia, refugees and asylum seekers frequently experience psychological problems. dietary deficits. infective conditions.

Tuberculosis:
Tuberculosis or also known as TB is a contagious bacterial infection that attacks the lungs, which can spread via the air by an infected person coughing or sneezing. The most common way this disease is caught is from travelling, crowded housing including refugee camps. People are most vulnerable to developing active TB soon after arriving in Australia.
Treatment- This includes a combination of antibiotics which is taken over several months, antibiotics such as rifampin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol.

Diabetes:
When your blood glucose, commonly known as blood sugar, is too high, you develop diabetes. Your body uses glucose as its primary energy source. Although glucose can be produced by the body, it also comes from the food you eat.
It's possible for immigrants to adopt dietary and lifestyle habits that raise their chance of developing diabetes. Diabetes diagnosis and treatment delays might result in complications and extra expenses.
Treatment- Treatment for diabetes frequently includes taking insulin or other diabetes medications. Medicines can assist you in treating the disease in addition to choosing nutritious foods and beverages, engaging in physical activity, getting adequate sleep, and managing stress.

Mental Health:
Compared to the general population, refugees frequently have greater rates of poor mental health. However, they are less inclined to go for expert assistance. Refugees leaving their country are more likely experience Sadness, grief, and ongoing worry about missing loved ones and friends.
Treatment- In Australia the RHS presently offers free comprehensive health assessments and continuous care for recently arrived refugees through its weekly general practise clinics and Refugee Health Nurse Programme. For victims of trauma and torture, STARTTS offers care and rehabilitation.

The Royal Australian College of general Practitioners. (2012). The NSW Refugee Health Service. Australian Family Physician. https://www.racgp.org.au/afp/2012/march/the-nsw-refugee-health-service#:~:text=Health%20needs%20commonly%20identified%20in,infectious%20diseases

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Due to the unique ways that art may be expressed and communicated, it has long been important in addressing mental health difficulties. Studies have shown that participating in creative activities can improve mental health, supporting the therapeutic potential of art. Since they can offer distinctive perspectives on African culture and society, challenge stereotypes, and start debates about mental health in Africa, artists can play a significant role in promoting mental health awareness.

MoMAA, E. (2023, April 15). African artists addressing Mental Health Through Art. https://momaa.org/african-artists-addressing-mental-health-through-art/#:~:text=Traditional%20African%20art%20has%20long,a%20dialogue%20around%20mental%20health.

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In the 1995 Rugby World Cup Final, South Africa defeated the All Blacks 15-12 after extra time. Francois Pienaar, a white Afrikaner captain, received the trophy from President Nelson Mandela, who was dressed in a Springbok uniform. The act was viewed by many as a significant step towards the reconciliation of white and black South Africans.

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Impact social determinants can have on migrant/refugees in Australia

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Impact social determinants can have on migrant/refugees in Australia

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India is a nation in South Asia, formally known as the Republic of India (ISO: Bhrat Gaarjya). It is the world's most populous democracy and the seventh-largest country in terms of land area as of June 2023. It also ranks first in terms of population.

Education:
Immigrants find it harder to receive education in Australia because they aren't able to get the support that makes it easier for citizens to receive an adequate education. For example HEX, non Australian citizens who aren't able too afford studying are less likely to want to seek studies.
Moving from your native country to a foreign country can also contribute to your overall education including language barriers, the learning content, their schooling system, lack of diversity in schools and also discrimination.

Unemployment:
Immigrants/refugees when seeking work can come across language barriers and also cultural differences making it harder for them to obtain a job, this can result in making migrants less wanting to get a job because it can be difficult moving to a new country and might not have the proper working qualifications where in their own country it so it gives them less of an opportunity for work. Being unemployed means no income for health services or benefits, they could be caring for multiple family members so when it comes to making sure everyone is accessible to clean water and food medicines wouldn't be as obtainable.

Housing:
Living conditions may differ from which country immigrants migrate from, they might off been used to sharing one bedroom and not being able to keep up with their hygiene or household cleanliness. Refugees finding housing in Australia difficult, with the lack of rentals, language barriers and also affordability. This affects refugees or immigrants coming from their country making enough to afford their lifestyle harder because of the fewer job opportunities because of their qualifications.

Refugee Council of Australia. (2022). https://www.refugeecouncil.org.au/education-info/#:~:text=Education%20for%20refugees%20in%20Australia,-Australia%20offers%20many&text=You%20can%20study%20at%20all,(including%20universities%20and%20TAFE).