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As a Nariñense individual deeply connected to my ancestral history, I find profound resonance in cultural events such as Los Carnavales, particularly those in Pasto and Ipiales. These festivities, acknowledged in various parts of Colombia, serve as a powerful platform to express and embrace our cultural diversity. Behind the vibrant facade of the carnavales lies a lesser-known narrative that I, as a participant, feel compelled to share.

Los Carnavales de Pasto, an annual celebration in Pasto, Colombia, represents a captivating intercultural manifestation. Rooted in a rich historical tapestry and influenced by a myriad of cultures, this carnival embodies the strength of cultural exchange and unity.

A distinctive feature of Los Carnavales de Pasto is its ability to showcase the traditions of diverse ethnic groups. Indigenous communities, Afro-Colombian heritage, and Spanish colonial influences interweave seamlessly, creating a vibrant tapestry of cultures. Through the kaleidoscope of colorful costumes, traditional dances, and music, participants proudly exhibit their unique cultural identities while celebrating the shared bonds that connect them.

The carnival fosters an inclusive environment, transcending barriers of age, gender, social status, and nationality. In this inclusive space, individuals engage in the festivities, fostering mutual learning, understanding, and respect. It serves as a dynamic platform for dialogue between communities, encouraging the exchange of ideas and creating a sense of belonging for all participants.

Beyond the joyous celebrations, Los Carnavales de Pasto offers an educational experience. Through interactive activities like workshops and exhibitions, both locals and visitors have the opportunity to delve into the history and traditions of diverse cultures. This engagement cultivates a profound appreciation for the value of intercultural exchange, emphasizing its crucial role in promoting societal harmony.

So, Los Carnavales de Pasto stands as a compelling testament to intercultural unity. As someone deeply connected to the cultural fabric of Nariño, I am proud to contribute to this celebration of humanity's shared heritage, where inclusivity, dialogue, and education converge to create a harmonious tapestry of diverse cultures.

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Throughout time, I have faced diverse challenges, celebrated significant achievements, and garnered valuable lessons that have shaped my personal journey. This particular exercise has served as a catalyst for reflecting on an insecurity instilled by the ideologies imposed by those who witnessed my upbringing. Nevertheless, this introspection has led me to the realization that there is no need to harbor such sentiments, as this insecurity is an integral part of my identity, one that I now proudly acknowledge.

The root of this insecurity lies in distorted narratives surrounding the demonym "pastuso." I grew up hearing stories that painted a stigmatized picture of who we were, associating the term "pastuso" with negative connotations of naivety or lack of shrewdness. However, delving into this exercise of self-exploration has allowed me to unravel these unfounded biases and recognize them as part of a broader cultural construct.

As I delve deeper into my identity, I discover that the sense of insecurity is counteracted by pride deeply rooted in the history of my people, especially recalling the massacre endured by the pastuso community in defense of their ideals, commitments, and loyalties during crucial historical times. This acknowledgment of my community's courage and resilience has challenged the negative perception associated with the demonym, transforming it into a badge of honor.

In this process of self-discovery, I've learned that my identity is intrinsically linked to the rich history of my people. Instead of denying it, I must embrace it with determination and pride. This shift in perspective not only dissipated the insecurity I once felt but also strengthened my connection to the pastuso community and its legacy.

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The history of my ancestors and the negative connotation associated with the demonym "pastuso" take on greater depth when considering a pivotal event for the people of Pasto, one that I believe should be known nationwide: the Black Christmas of 1822. This event, orchestrated under the orders of the Liberator Simón Bolívar, marked a crucial episode in Pasto's history that, unfortunately, has been insufficiently disseminated and understood in the broader historical and cultural context of Colombia.

On December 24, 1822, the city of Pasto witnessed a military intervention that resulted in the so-called Black Christmas. The poorly told narrative of this event has contributed to a distorted perception of the demonym "pastuso," generating a connotation far removed from its true historical significance. The lack of awareness about this event has led to misunderstandings and stereotypes that have impacted the perception of Pasto's people, including myself.

This historical unawareness has contributed to instances where references to the demonym are used in a derogatory manner or even in a tone of mockery. As a result, it is common for natives of Nariño, like myself, to experience a sense of resentment or discomfort when associated negatively with the term "pastuso." It is crucial to acknowledge that this unfavorable connotation does not reflect the rich history and cultural diversity of the pastuso people.

In this context, the importance of fostering intercultural and historical knowledge extends beyond Nariño to encompass the entire country. The lack of awareness about the history of each region contributes to the perpetuation of stereotypes and misunderstandings that affect the coexistence among diverse communities. The diversity of traditions, historical events, and customs in each department enriches the Colombian identity, and it is essential to promote a deeper understanding of these dimensions to strengthen bonds among citizens.

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My name is Luis Fernando Coral Bolaños, hailing from the department of Nariño, a place that marked my childhood with a peaceful, quiet, and trusting environment. However, the course of my life changed when I was compelled to move to Bogotá for academic reasons. This narrative aims to explore the phenomenon of intercultural competence in the realm of knowledge, focusing on the question: What lies behind the demonym "pastuso"?

My identity as a "Nariñense" has engendered internal conflict, manifesting an irrational insecurity. My hometown, Contadero, in the south of Colombia, has witnessed various stories of those who have traveled to the country's major cities, only to return labeled as "pastusos." This term carries a connotation that, at times, translates into a perception of clumsiness or naivety.

The root of this connotation dates back to the times of Colombia's independence, when the people of Pasto resisted liberation. This act of resistance left a mark on history and contributed to the formation of stereotypes that persist to this day. Thus, the demonym "pastuso" is not just a geographic label but also a carrier of stories of struggle and resistance.

My personal experience has been marked by situations in which my accent has been identified, and I have been called "pastuso" in a way that goes beyond a simple geographical designation. This term has been used with a connotation denoting ignorance about the history behind the demonym; On several occasions, I have witnessed expressions like "Don't be patusos," associating the word with carrying out foolishly actions. These experiences have caused me internal discomfort, revealing a lack of understanding and respect for cultural and linguistic diversity.

In this context, I am faced with the need to discern the intentions behind the labels imposed on me. Are they expressions of respect, or do they reflect the ignorance instilled in those who are unfamiliar with the rich history behind the demonym "pastuso"? This clash with reality prompts me to reflect on the importance of intercultural education and the crucial role that knowledge plays in overcoming ingrained stereotypes. Ultimately, this personal story becomes a testament to the complexity of intercultural competence and the need to promote a deeper understanding among the diverse identities that make up our society.