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Ancient Civilizations BC-1200 A.D. - Michael

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Ancient Civilizations BC-1200 A.D. - Michael

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1.  How much air pollution was there?  Where did it come from?

People used to burn wood and coal for cooking and heating.

2. How much water pollution was there?  Where did it come from?

Sewage and wastewater treatment.

3. How did humans get most of the energy they needed to survive?

They relied on the sun for the comforts and necessities of life.

4. Was conservation being practiced anywhere in the world?  How?

British African colonies started creating game reserves and national parks for wildlife conservation, including Kruger National Park in South Africa.

5. Why was lead poisoning a problem?

A disease of the wealthy who used lead extensively.

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1.  How much water pollution was there?

Animal waste and other pollutants.

2. How much wood was being harvested?  What effects was this having?

A lot for buildings, ships, furniture, musical instruments, and other tools.

3. In what ways was a disease affecting the world?

The disease wiped out the whole villages, and the surviving inhabitants fled.

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1.  What causes did people begin to take up to improve the world?

They turned to science and rationalism

2. What did Thomas Malthus predict?

That humans would overpopulate extremely easily and they produce a lot more than what can be regulated.

3. Give examples of new pollution affecting the world.

Water pollution, oil, coal.

4.  Why did sanitation become so important?

Because there were a bunch of diseases that would spread among the public

5. How was the air pollution at this time? It was pretty bad. Bad enough to where they had to build public parks and plant a lot of flowers and trees to make it better.

6. How was the water pollution at this time?

It was really bad to the point where most of the water was dirty and riddled with diseases. Fresh water from forests was extremely scarce.

7. What happened when the “Mother of the Forest” was cut down?

It was stripped and then shipped to England where it was put on display.

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1.  What types of reforms were occurring?

Forestry, waterways, and rivers and harbors.

2. What did Theodore Roosevelt fight for?

He fought for wildlife and made a National Bird Preserve.

3. What new organizations were formed?

The Wildlife Refuge System, St. Louis Smoke abatement movement.

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1.  What was the purpose of the National Coast Anti-Pollution League?

The National Coast Anti-Pollution League was created to stop oil-dumping.

2. What type of gasoline was used for the first autos?

A 30 percent - alcohol gasoline blend was used.

3. What was the chemurgy movement fighting for?

It was a push to reduce wastefulness in farm and factory waste.

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1. What led people to believe there was an air pollution crisis?

There was an air pollution disaster in Donora, Pennsylvania where thousands got sick from smoke and zinc pollution. Oxygen was so depleted on the night of Oct 30 that cars could not run and nurses were deployed to get to each house to administer oxygen and adrenaline.

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1. What was the “burning river?”

The Cuyahoga River in Ohio catches fire due to rampant oil and chemical pollution in the river. The river combusts into a large flame said to be 5 stories high. The river incident became a defining moment for the environmental movement.

2. What is the name of Rachel Carson’s book that started modern environmentalism?

Rachel Carson wrote the book Silent Spring which merged the conservation and public health movements.

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1. What government agency is founded?

The CEQ ( Council on Environmental Quality) is created to help give the president advice on environmental issues.

2. How was air pollution reduced?

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act allows the EPA to regulate pesticides and different air pollutants produced.

3. How was water pollution reduced?

The Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act allows the EPA to regulate the pollution affecting waters carrying marine life.

4. What two new sources of pollution begin causing concern?

Radioactive material and pesticides began causing concern.

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1.  What major disasters occurred during this time?

Love Canal relocation (toxic wastes deposited in the Love Canal area) and Times Beach relocation (dangerous levels of dioxin were mixed with waste oil and sprayed on Time Beach’s unpaved roads).

2. What two major issues involving the Earth’s atmosphere arise?

Common property resources were led in a manner that led to “relentless degradation and destruction” of the atmosphere.

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1.  How did the Gulf War create pollution?

Six and a half million gallons of oil burned daily.

2. What does China construct that causes much controversy?

Three Gorges Dam project.

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1.  What final act did President Clinton sign into law?

Protecting 58 million acres of national forest from development and creating eight million acres of land as new national monuments.

2. How does the Bush presidency handle global warming and climate change?

The George W. Bush energy plan emphasized oil exploration and new coal and nuclear power plant construction.

3. How does the world react to leaded gasoline?

The world was against the use of leaded gasoline.