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Hijama (cupping therapy)

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A common traditional remedy used in Afghan culture is Kalonji (black seed), it is said to be the ‘universal healer’ and is used to treat everything from colds and coughs to digestive issues and skin conditions ("Nigella Sativa seeds: Folklore treatment in modern day medicine," n.d.).  Afghans believe that Kalonji has healing properties and is often consumed as oil or seeds. This aligns with the belief that many illnesses can be prevented or cured through natural remedies, which health care workers should recognise when working with Afghan patients

Nigella Sativa seeds: Folklore treatment in modern day medicine. (n.d.). PubMed Central (PMC). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2702918/

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Tuberculosis (TB)

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For Afghani refugees resettling in Australia social inclusion and non-discrimination are critical determinants of health. Inclusion, can significantly improve health outcomes by reducing isolation, promoting mental well-being, enhancing access to healthcare. On the other hand discrimination can lead to stress, poor mental health and barriers to accessing essential services. Culturally inclusive policies and support systems that combat discrimination can foster better integration and healthier lives for refugees (Migrant and Refugee Women’s Health Partnership, 2019). Addressing these factors is crucial in ensuring unbiased health outcomes for Afghani refugee communities.

Migrant and Refugee Women’s Health Partnership. (2019). Culturally responsive clinical practice: Working with people from migrant and refugee backgrounds (January 2019 ed.). © Migrant and Refugee Women’s Health Partnership. Retrieved from https://moodleprod.murdoch.edu.au/pluginfile.php/4119639/mod_resource/content/3/Culturally-responsive-clinical-practice-Working-with-people-from-migrant-and-refugee-backgrounds-Jan2019.pdf

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I strive to apply Domain 1: Clinical Expert from the Culturally Responsive Clinical Practice Framework, into my nursing practice by integrating trauma-informed care when working with refugee patients. I will take extra steps to assess patients holistically, by understanding the significant impact of trauma and refugee experiences. I will do this by considering physical, emotional and psychological health symptoms (Migrant and Refugee Health Partnership, 2019). I recognise that some patients may be reluctant to share traumatic experiences, but by creating a safe, empathetic environment and using appropriate resources, I aim to offer care that acknowledges and respects these experiences.

Migrant and Refugee Health Partnership. (2019). Culturally Responsive Clinical Practice: Working with People from Migrant and Refugee Backgrounds. Competency Standards Framework for Clinicians. https://culturaldiversityhealth.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Culturally-responsive-clinical-practice-Working-with-people-from-migrant-and-refugee-backgrounds-Jan2019.pdf

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Due to high prevalence rates in Afghanistan a common health concern amongst Afghani refugees arriving into Australia is Tuberculosis (TB). Upon resettlement, latent TB is frequently detected through health screenings. Cultural beliefs may cause delays in seeking treatment, as TB can carry significant stigma in Afghani communities. The Australian Refugee health practice guide recommends offering culturally sensitive education and directly observed therapy (DOT) to ensure adherence to treatment (Migrant and Refugee Health Partnership, n.d.). This approach will help to address both medical and cultural challenges, ensuring effective management whilst still respecting the patients background.

Migrant and Refugee Health Partnership. (n.d.). Tuberculosis (TB). Refugee Health Guide. https://refugeehealthguide.org.au/tuberculosis-tb/

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Afghani culture is deeply reflected in its traditional dress, reflecting on the country’s rich cultural diversity. Men commonly wear the perahan tunban, a loose fitting tunic and trousers and often paired with a turban or pakol hat. Woman traditionally wear vibrant, embroidered dresses, the partoog kamees, and paired with a headscarf or chador ("Tuberculosis (TB & LTBI) » Australian refugee health," n.d.). During special occasions both men and woman wear the chapan, a long, decorative coat. These garments are not only expressions of modesty and identity but also reflect Afghanostans rich cultural diversity.

Reynolds, E. (2024, August 23). Traditional Afghan clothing: A symbol of identity and culture. Outfiten. https://www.outfiten.com/traditional-clothing-in-afghanistan/

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recipe

2–4 tbs char masala (recipe here)

2 teaspoons cumin seeds

1.5 lb lamb

350 grams julienned carrots

250 grams of raisins

1/4 C sesame oil

2  sliced onions

4 chopped garlic cloves

salt

2 Tablespoons of sugar

3 Cups Rice

Seddiq, M. (2023, August 30). Kabuli pulao recipe - Afghan national dish. Afghan Cooks. https://afghancooks.com/kabuli-pulao-recipe/

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Aghani cuisine contains a rich blend of flavours, influenced by the country’s diversity. Meals often revolve around rice, kabuli pulao being a national favourite. Meals a typically shared communally, reflecting values of family and community ("Kabuli pulao | Traditional rice dish from Kabul | TasteAtlas," 2015). Traditional dishes are seasoned with subtle spices like coriander, cumin, and cardamom, creating a balance of savory and aromatic flavors.

Kabuli pulao | Traditional rice dish from Kabul | TasteAtlas. (2015, December 24). World Food Atlas: Discover 17468 Local Dishes & Ingredients. https://www.tasteatlas.com/kabuli-pulao

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Traditional sports in Afghani culture, represent community bonding and heritage. The most common/iconic sport is Buzkashi, this is where horsemen compete to grab and carry a goat carcass to a goal. Buzkashi symbolises strength, strategy and glory ("Afghan national sport (Buzkashi)," 2018).

Other popular sports include soccer and wrestling, and a growing interest in cricket due to the success of Afghanistan’s national team. These sports bring people together, fostering pride, resilience, and a shared sense of identity.

Afghan national sport (Buzkashi). (2018, March 19). Afghanistan Online. https://www.afghan-web.com/sports/buzkashi/