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Queen Hatshepsut, one of the first female pharaohs of Egypt, greatly expanded Egypt's trade routes, bringing wealth and prosperity. Her reign showcased the potential of women in leadership positions in ancient societies.

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Marco Polo, a Venetian merchant, traveled to Asia and spent over 20 years exploring. His accounts of the wealth, cultures, and technology of the East inspired European interest in Asian goods, leading to the search for sea routes to Asia.

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Ibn Battuta, a Moroccan scholar, traveled more than 120,000 kilometers, visiting the Islamic world and beyond. His journeys increased understanding among diverse cultures and promoted the spread of Islamic faith and scholarly exchange.

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1492: Christopher Columbus reaches the Americas

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1492: Christopher Columbus reaches the Americas

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Christopher Columbus, sponsored by Spain, made his first voyage across the Atlantic in 1492, mistakenly discovering the Americas. This event marked the beginning of centuries of exploration and colonization by European powers in the New World.

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Meriwether Lewis and William Clark's expedition, commissioned by President Thomas Jefferson, provided detailed maps of the Louisiana Purchase and the Northwest United States. Their journey facilitated westward expansion and understanding of the region's geography and native cultures.

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1943: Jacques Cousteau invents the Aqua-Lung

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1943: Jacques Cousteau invents the Aqua-Lung

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Jacques Cousteau, a French naval officer, co-invented the Aqua-Lung, enabling humans to breathe underwater and explore the ocean depths. This invention revolutionized marine biology and sparked global interest in the conservation of marine ecosystems.

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1961: Yuri Gagarin becomes the first human in space

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1961: Yuri Gagarin becomes the first human in space

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Yuri Gagarin, a Soviet astronaut, made history as the first human to orbit the Earth in space. His journey marked the beginning of human space exploration and the enduring competition in space technology between nations, contributing to scientific advancements and global cooperation.