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An abrasion is a superficial scrape or tearing away of the first layer of skin.

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initial care: Apply a band-aid if bleeding occurs, and bacterial ointment as well. wash thoroughly with soap and water to reduce the risk of initial reflection.

post care: monitor abrasion for infection and possible reopening of the scab. continue with band-aids if playing contact sports in order to reduce the chance of reopening.

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Punctures are hole-shaped wounds caused by pointy objects such as needles and nails. 

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initial care: Apply gentle pressure with a clean bandage or cloth. Clean the wound. Rinse the wound with clear water for 5 to 10 minutes.

post care: Apply a thin layer of an antibiotic cream or ointment (Neosporin, Polysporin). For the first two days, rewash the area and reapply the antibiotic when you change the dressing. depending on the severity, stitches or staples may be necessary.

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an avulsion is a wound where a part of the skin or body part if forcibly removed from the body.

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initial care: First elevate your wound and if possible bring the limb above your heart. This will help with swelling and relive pain. Next be sure to bandage your wound.

post care: Be sure to wash the wound with soap and water, and monitor the area to be sure no infection occurs. If infection occurs, go to the doctors as soon as possible.

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A laceration is a type of deep cut that has ridged edges.

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initial care: apply direct pressure to the wound and use sterile products such as gauze or cloth to clean.

post care: stitches may be necessary in order to fully allow the wound to heal, but if stitches aren't needed keep an eye on the area to be sure no infection occurs.

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an incision is a type of cut that has smooth edges.

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initial care: gently wash the wound with soap and water. use bandages to prevent blood from getting everywhere

post care: keep changing the bandages often in order to reduce the risk of infection. stitches may be necessary in order to allow the wound to fully heal.

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The universal precaution: This is the idea of hand hygiene when working in health care or dealing with wounds. being sure to wear gloves if bodily fluid is present, and washing your hands thoroughly before and after caring for someone.

How to remove gloves: With your ungloved hand, peel off the second glove by inserting your fingers inside the glove at the top of your wrist. Turn the second glove inside out while tilting it away from your body, leaving the first glove inside the second. Dispose of the gloves safely. Do not reuse the gloves.

How to recognize and infected wound: the easiest way to tell if a wound is infected is if there is pus coming out of the area, or if there is a green or yellow tint to the wound. some other ways to detect infection is if the scab has grown increasingly in size, if the skin around the wound is red and irritated, if more pain or swelling occurs, or if there is a yellow crust that formed over the scab.