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Job: Software Developer
Industry: Information Technology (IT)

Here are five core job characteristics based on the Job Characteristics Model by Hackman and Oldham:

1. Skill Variety:
Software developers use a wide range of skills—coding, debugging, testing, designing user interfaces, and problem-solving. This variety keeps the work engaging and mentally stimulating.

2. Task Identity:
Developers often take part in projects from start to finish, such as creating an entire application or feature. This gives them a clear sense of completion and ownership over their work.

3. Task Significance:
The software created by developers can have a major impact—whether it's a health app helping patients, or an online banking system serving millions. This makes the job feel meaningful.

4. Autonomy:
Many software developers enjoy flexibility in how they approach their tasks—choosing tools, managing schedules, or working remotely. This independence boosts job satisfaction.

5. Feedback:
Developers receive regular feedback through code reviews, testing results, and user responses. This helps them understand how well they're performing and where they can improve.

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name: ain

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Industry/Field: Food and Beverages

1. Skill variety : pizza maker demonstrate skill variety not just making pizza but also preparing dough,chopping vegetables, making sauces,taking customer orders, managing inventory and cleaning their workspace.

2. Task identity : Take the raw ingredients and follow the process through to creating a finished pizza that is given to the customer.

3. Task significance : Provide delicious food to the community

4. Autonomy : Have autonomy in deciding the order in which they prepare multiple pizza, how they organize their workstation. More experience pizza maker can experimenting with new recipes or techniques.

5. Feedback: A pizza maker receives feedback directly from customers who express satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the pizza. Feedback from the manager or other staff regarding quality and consistency of their pizza, speed of preparation, adherence to recipes.

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Industry/Field: Business

Five Core Job Characteristics:

1. Skill Variety

Involves using creative, analytical, and communication skills to plan and execute marketing strategies.

2. Task Identity

Manages entire marketing campaigns from start to finish, giving a clear sense of project ownership.

3. Task Significance

Marketing efforts directly impact business growth and customer perception, making the job highly meaningful.

4. Autonomy

Has the freedom to make decisions on campaign direction, budgeting, and execution.

5. Feedback

Receives results through sales data, customer responses, and management reviews, helping improve performance.

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Job/Occupation: Fashion Designer

Industry/Field: Fashion Industry

Five Core Job Characteristics:

1. Skill Variety:
-creative design

-sketching,

-sewing,

-fabric selection,

-trend forecasting,

2. Task Identity:
- sees a piece from concept to final product, including ideation, prototype creation, and the final garment.

3. Task Significance: influence culture, self-expression, and consumer identity.

4. Autonomy:
- Have control over their creative decisions such as choosing styles, materials, and presentation.

5. Feedback: clients, fashion shows, sales data, and social media.

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Industry: Technology Industry

1.Skill Variety:

Software engineers use a wide range of skills, including programming, system design, logical thinking, teamwork, and project management.

2.Task Identity:

Software engineers are often responsible for the entire development process—from requirement analysis, coding, and testing to deployment.

3.Task Significance:

The software developed may be used by thousands of users and have a direct impact on the company’s business or even society.

4.Autonomy:

Software engineers typically have significant freedom in choosing development methods, tools, and technical approaches. In agile teams, they enjoy even greater decision-making power, increasing their sense of responsibility

Feedback:

Feedback is received through code reviews, user testing, and data on how the software performs. Engineers can use this information to continuously improve their work.

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Industry: Healthcare

Five Core job chracteristic

1- Skill variety

→ provide equipment for doctor

→ provide patients documents

→ monitoring patients health

2- Task identity

→ involve in admission, treatment and

discharge

3- Task significance

→ the nurse action can affect the patient's life

→ fast action in working

→ professional in working

4- Autonomy

→ prioritize the doctor's action

→ if nurse in upper possition, the nurse can make decision -making

5- Feedback from job

→ time management (manage time effectively even during busy time)

→ teamwork (willingness to help people)

→ critical thinking ( make quick decision in emergency situation)

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5 core job characteristics

1. Skill Variety: use a mix of financial analysis, communication, negotiation, and strategic thinking skills.

2. Task Identity: often handle deals from start to finish, such as mergers or IPOs, giving a sense of ownership.

3. Task Significance: impacts major companies, economies, and financial markets, making it highly significant.

4. Autonomy: often make independent decisions on deal strategy, client management, and financial structuring.

5. Feedback: Performance is measured through deal success, client satisfaction, and financial outcomes, providing clear feedback.

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Skill Variety: Involves a mix of tasks like financial reporting, tax preparation, and audit analysis that require varied technical and analytical skills.

Task Identity: Often responsible for complete processes, such as managing the full cycle of audit or financial report preparation, giving a sense of ownership.

Task Significance: Provides crucial information for decision-making and ensures compliance, impacting both internal stakeholders and external regulators.

Autonomy: May allow flexibility in managing work processes and making analytical decisions, though regulatory standards can limit freedom.

Feedback: Receives clear, measurable feedback through financial reports, audits, and performance reviews that guide improvements.

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1. Skill Variety:

A banker does many different tasks. They help customers, give advice, use computers, and solve problems.

2. Task Identity:

Bankers often complete a full job from beginning to end, like helping someone open a bank account or apply for a loan.

3. Task Significance:

The work of a banker is important. They help people manage money and make good financial choices.

4. Autonomy:

Bankers can sometimes choose how to do their work. For example, they can decide how to talk to customers or when to do certain tasks.

5. Feedback:

Bankers get feedback from customers, managers, or by seeing if they reach their goals. This helps them know how well they are doing.

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1) skill variety= communication,soft skills(using canva,tiktok,IG),creativity skills,leadership

2) task identity= planning, executing,evaluating full marketing campaigns

3) task significance= influencing customer to buy company’s goods or services, increase sales

4) autonomy= ways to promote company (video,skits,song,etc),creativity, platform to use

5)feedback from jobs: good feedback: increase the image of the company, More job opportunity for us to promote branded/ high end product. Bad feedback (company receives bad reaction from society and create controversy when it comes to the content)

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Industry/Field: Bakery

Five Core Job Characteristics:

1. Skill Variety
Applies creative, analytical, and communication skills to develop and implement marketing strategies that align with the bakery’s brand and goals.

2. Task Identity
Handles complete marketing projects from initial concept through execution and evaluation, ensuring full involvement in each campaign.

3. Task Significance
Contributes directly to the bakery’s growth and customer loyalty by shaping how the brand is perceived and increasing sales.

4. Autonomy
Exercises decision-making authority in planning campaigns, setting budgets, and choosing marketing channels.

5. Feedback
Receives performance insights through sales results, customer interactions, and internal evaluations to guide future improvements.

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Name: Nurin Farzana

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Industry: International Business

1. Skill variety: canva skills, fluent in multilanguage, negotiation, content creation and strategy, market research analysis

2. Task identity: creating a marketing plan for a new product

3. Task significance: developing marketing plans that drives significant sales growth

4. Autonomy: have flexibility in designing work

5. Feedback from Job: marketing manager can give feedback on how effective the plan was

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Skill variety:

Communication

Time management

Emotional Intelligence

Adaptability

Flexibility

Leadership

Creativity

Technology skills

Task identity:

Planning and execution of lessons

Prepare teaching material

Classroom management and environment

Parent communication

Curriculum implementation

Leading a project with students

Task significance:

Role model for students

Shaping future

For students to receive formal education

Foundation for future learning

Shaping akhlaq

Social and emotional development

Autonomy:

Free to select teaching methods and strategies

Determine course content

Assess student learning

Manage classroom discipline

Resources allocation

Feedback from job:

Principal

Vice principal

School admin

Colleague

Parents

Students

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Field: Entertainment (Food) industry

Skill variety:

Cooking

Baking

Communication skills

Hosting skills

Video editing skills

Task identity:

presentation of the food

How the food is made (recipe)

Task significance:

food quality

Hygiene

Influence people’s lifestyle

Influence people to try cooking

Autonomy:

Freedom to make our own show

To choose the right timing of the show (eg. Ramadhan time)

To choose the recipe that we will do for a show

Feedback from the job:

Receiving praise from culinary experts

People praising the food

The taste of the food is not good as expected

Rating of the show increase

The presentation of the food is not as expected

Rahwani Adiba

Noor Khadijah

Nurul Ain

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Five Core Job Characteristics Based on Singers

1. Skill Variety

It encompasses singing skills, mastering certain pronunciation rules, and having a thorough understanding of musical notations. When performing, one needs to have the ability to adapt flexibly to situations and possess a certain level of control over the audience.

2. Task Identity

Singers usually have a relatively high degree of task completion, because singers generally need to start from composing and writing lyrics, and then proceed to singing the songs and releasing their works.

3. Task Significance

Singers usually can express emotions through music, evoking resonance among fans and listeners, and to some extent influencing people's lives. Sometimes music can promote information and cultural exchanges, such as foreign music and local music.

4. Autonomy

Singers can choose songs, decide on styles, how to present on stage, cooperate with others as they like, and freely add unique artistic expressions.

5. Feedback

Audience reactions at live shows, chart positions, sales, reviews from critics and fans, and social media feedback help singers improve their skills and styles.

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Autonomy

degree of freedom and independence the auditor has in planning, and managing their accountancy tasks. It relates to gathering and evaluating audit evidence, as long as it aligns with professional standards

Task significance

Job impact on overall organizational structure of certain job. Influence important business decision.

Task identity

Identifiable task of work and recognizing workload. multiple stages of the audit process

Skill variety

various skillset required to get work done and abilities needed for employee to equip. easier job satisfaction and job rotation

Feedback from job

Clear and straighforward response towards work that got done. Evaluates performance and job effectiveness. helping auditors gauge their performance and improve over time.

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industry/field: construction/woodworking

1) skill variety:cutting, shaping, measuring, assembling

2) task identity: Carpenters often build complete items (like tables, cabinets, or parts of buildings) from start to finish.

3) task significance: Their work has a real impact—they create essential structures and furniture people use every day.

4) autonomy: Experienced carpenters often have the freedom to decide how to approach their work, choose methods, and solve on-site problem

5) Feedback from the job: Carpenters get immediate feedback. if something doesn’t fit or function properly, they know right away.

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ada sambungan

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Five core job characteristic based on this job

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Five core job characteristic based on this job

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Nur Fatihah Binti Amir Sjarif (2325670)

job selection: Human resource manager

industry: Business

Five core job characteristic based on this job

Skill variety

→ must be proficient in data management and Microsoft work to organize employee data

→ Need to have good communication skills

task identity

→ Hr manager main job scope usually doing employee recruitment, organizing employee's data, doing training and development for employees and also doing the power control for disciplinary in the company.

task significance

→ when hr are in control in disciplinary, We can take care of employee welfare

Autonomy

→ Hr responsibility focused on managing employees throughout their lifecycle within an organization

Feedback from the job

→ Hr can get feedback from the monthly evaluation from the higher up like Managers or C.E. O

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Nurse

Healthcare Industry

1.Skill Variety：Nursing involves a wide range of skills, such as measuring vital signs, administering medication, operating medical equipment, and communicating with patients and doctors.

2.Task Identity：Nurses are often involved in multiple stages of patient care. This includes initial assessment, care planning, implementing treatments. This allows nurses to see their role in completing a whole and identifiable piece of work.

3.Task Significance：A nurse’s work directly impacts the health and safety of patients. Their care can significantly influence a patient’s recovery, provide emotional support, and improve the overall hospital experience. The job carries a high level of significance.

4.Autonomy：Although nurses work under the supervision of doctors, they often need to make independent judgments in patient care. This shows that nurses have a degree of autonomy in their roles.

5.Feedback：Nurses receive feedback through patients’ health improvements, verbal responses from patients or families, and evaluations from supervisors and doctors. Hospitals also provide structured performance reviews. Therefore, nurses receive clear and direct feedback about their job performance.

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restaurant owner

- Inderty: food and beverage Industry.

1. skill Variaty - use in many different skills susher business

management, Customer dervice a sachier, marketing and chiet.

1. task ilentiys - the owes who planing in everything likes

concept of restaurant, handing costumer feedback satisfaction

3. last significance - customers experiences of coatomer, service good food and welcoming

4. Anatomy - the owner had to choose suppliers, setting prices

ad managing the schedule.

s. teedbook from the job - repeat costumers and good good feed back

that given from cretoners.

2329486 Warunrada Sama

2319860 AMIRA MAHASNIYANON

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ni sambungan tadi

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restaurant owner

Inderty: food and beverage Industry.

1.skill Variaty - use in many different skills susher business

management, Customer dervice a sachier, marketing and chiet.

2.task ilentiys - the owes who planing in everything likes

concept of restaurant, handing costumer feedback satisfaction

3.last significance - customers experiences of coatomer, service good food and welcoming

4.Anatomy - the owner had to choose suppliers, setting prices

ad managing the schedule.

s. teedbook from the job - repeat costumers and good good feed back that given from cretoners.

2329486 Warunrada Sama

2319860 AMIRA MAHASNIYANON

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Manufacturing manager factory sector

Skill variety:

1. Decision making skills

2. tehnical skills

3. communication skills

4. Planning and organizing skills

Task identity: Manage whole production from start to finish example: machine functional and production packaging

Task significance: Increase productivity on production, minimize product rejection

Autonomy: Have freedom to control the employee example: Gives senior worker instruction to give a training to new employee

Feedback: Performance based on sales and less turnover product "zero defect" , regular feedback from customers and employer

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Organisational Behaviour Job Characteristics 

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Job: Financial analyst

Field: Business

1. Skill variety

- uses various skills such as data interpretation, report writing and software skills (like excel)

2. Task identity

- usually work on report such as preparing proposal for projects

3. Task significance

- analysis and recommendations decisions, cost saving strategies and investment.

4. Autonomy

- work independently when gathering and analyzing data, setting up financial models, and preparing recommendations, giving them a sense of control and responsibility.

5. Feedback

- receive feedback through the results and from manager

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Job/Occupation: Marketing Manager

Industry/Field: Business

Five Core Job Characteristics:

1. Skill Variety
Involves using creative, analytical, and communication skills to plan and execute marketing strategies.

2. Task Identity
Manages entire marketing campaigns from start to finish, giving a clear sense of project ownership.

3. Task Significance
Marketing efforts directly impact business growth and customer perception, making the job highly meaningful.

4. Autonomy
Has the freedom to make decisions on campaign direction, budgeting, and execution.

5. Feedback
Receives results through sales data, customer responses, and management reviews, helping improve performance.