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The Enlightenment, a European movement of the 17th and 18th centuries, emphasized reason and progress, challenging traditional beliefs. Thinkers like Voltaire, Rousseau, and Montesquieu advocated for individual freedom, civil liberties, and questioned authority. Their ideas, spanning from scientific inquiry to social equality, greatly influenced society, diminished the Church's power, and inspired democratic movements globally.

https://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1886922?terms=the+enlightenment&sTypeId=2

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In the 1760s, British officials' frequent turnover in the American colonies led to inconsistent policies. Charles Townshend, replacing the popular William Pitt, imposed the Townshend Acts, taxing goods like tea, paper, lead, and glass imported from Britain, disrupting the established mercantile system. These acts also empowered royal officials and courts in the colonies, diminishing colonial assemblies' authority and sparking widespread anger and protests. John Dickinson's influential "Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania" argued against Parliament's right to impose taxes solely for revenue. The Massachusetts Assembly's dissolution triggered unity among colonies, leading to boycotts, protests, and the eventual repeal of most Townshend Acts in 1770, except for the tea tax, culminating in the Boston Tea Party and raising tensions toward revolution and independence.

https://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1597209?terms=townshend+act&sTypeId=2

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The Sugar Act, enacted in 1764, aimed to raise tax revenues in American colonies following Britain's Seven Years' War victory, it enhanced customs enforcement by introducing penalties for dishonest officers and establishing a distant vice-admiralty court in Halifax, Nova Scotia, to handle customs cases. However, the Act sparked significant resentment among colonists, especially in trade hubs like Boston and New York. American merchants opposed the new taxes and objected to the shift of jurisdiction from local courts to the far-off Admiralty court. James Otis highlighted the principle of no taxation without representation, while the New York Assembly and Massachusetts petitioned against the Act, leading to growing friction between the British government and the colonies, ultimately contributing to the American Revolution.

https://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/2213545?terms=sugar+act&sTypeId=2

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The Stamp Act of 1765, introduced by George Grenville to tax American colonies, triggered widespread protests due to its imposition without colonial representation in Parliament. Colonists viewed it as a violation of their rights, leading to pamphlets, boycotts, and riots, especially in Boston.

This opposition culminated in the Stamp Act Congress, where colonies unified in objecting to taxation without representation. Pressure from protests and economic impacts led to the act's repeal in 1766, but Parliament affirmed its right to legislate for the colonies through the Declaratory Act. The crisis fueled anti-British sentiments and showcased colonial unity, setting the stage for future conflicts and the start to the American Revolution.

https://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1300070?terms=the+stamp+act&sTypeId=2

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The French and Indian War's aftermath shifted American colonies from reliance on Britain to resentment of British control. The Declaratory Act of 1766, despite repealing the Stamp Act, fueled discontent. This discontent led to unity among colonies and a growing belief in the necessity of independence. George III's attempts at reconciliation failed, marking the start of the American Revolution. Further readings delve into rebellions, democracy's birth, and Revolution politics.

https://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1595429?terms=declaratory&sTypeId=2

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The Boston Massacre happened on March 5, 1770, which was one of the most dramatic events leading up to the American Revolution. This started because “One of the nine British soldiers was knocked to the ground, and eight of them fired into the crowd, killing five men” (WCS library). The Boston Massacre happened because when the soldier was knocked down somebody yelled fire, so the soldiers then proceeded to fire at the crowd. While nobody truly knows who yelled fire it still marks the start of what we now know as the Boston Massacre.

https://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/252735?terms=boston+massacre&sTypeId=2

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The Tea Act of 1773 was implemented by the British Parliament, aiming to bail out the financially troubled East India Company and impose a symbolic tax on American colonists. This act granted the East India Company a monopoly on tea importation in North America. Colonists fiercely opposed the tax, considering it a symbol of unwanted British control. Major ports voiced objections, threatening to prevent tea-laden ships from docking such as the Boston tea party. The act allowed the East India Company to export tea to America duty-free, further exacerbating tensions between Britain and the colonies.

https://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/298847?terms=tea+act&sTypeId=2

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The Boston Tea Party was the most dramatic and illegal action organized by the sons of liberty throughout the North American colonies to protest the British Tea Act of 1773. The Boston tea party was an action that the sons of liberty did where they dressed “themselves as Native Americans, boarded three British ships anchored in the harbor of Boston, Massachusetts and threw 342 chests of tea belonging to the East India Company into the water.” (WCS library) They all took this action because of the British tea act where they were able to legally import tea cheaper than the people that illegally smuggled imported tea could, so they got angry at this act and ended with the revolt of the Boston Tea Party.

https://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/252736?terms=boston+tea+party&sTypeId=2

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Patrick Henry was a big figure during the American Revolution and a key figure in the movement for independence from British rule. He was a passionate public speaker and is famously remembered for his inspirational speech delivered in 1775, where he proclaimed, "Give me liberty or give me death" he was born in 1736 in Virginia, Henry quickly gained a reputation as a skilled lawyer and a passionate fights for colonial rights. He became known for his powerful speeches denouncing British tyranny and calling for resistance against oppressive measures imposed by the British government, such as the Stamp Act and the Intolerable Acts. Henry's influential oratory skills played a significant role in rallying support for the cause of independence.

https://wcsmiami.myschoolapp.com/ftpimages/701/download/download_9523337.pdf

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The Declaration of Independence was signed by representatives of the colonies in Philadelphia (July 4, 1776). The main concepts about the people in the Declaration of Independence are the right to life, liberty, and property. Also, the right to alter or abolish without governments. Popular sovereignty: All government power comes from the people. The people choose who is set into power.

Mr. Escobar Notes - Section 6 of "The American Revolution" notes.