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choice of words, especially with regard to correctness, clearness, or effectiveness.

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DENOTATION: The direct definition of the word that you find in the dictionary. CONNOTATION: The emotional suggestions of a word, that is not literal.

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(ENGLISH) What are Denotation and Connotation? | #iQuestionPH

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the set of rules that determines the arrangement of words in a sentence

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Tone is a literary device that reflects the writer’s attitude toward the subject matter or audience of a literary work.

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Analyzing tone through word choice | Reading | Khan Academy

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mood refers to the emotional response that the writer wishes to evoke in the reader through a story.

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a scene that takes place before a story begins

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OSU School of Writing, Literature and Film

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"What is a Flashback?": A Literary Guide for English Students and Teachers

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a plot is the sequence of events that make up a story

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Plot Mountain! | The Plot Diagram Song | Scratch Garden

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the background information on the characters and setting explained at the beginning of the story

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the section of a story that leads toward its climax.

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the decisive moment, or turning point, at which the rising action of the play is reversed to falling action.

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the period after the dramatic confrontation of the climax.

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The resolution is the end of the story. It occurs after the CLIMAX.

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the time and place in which a story is told

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The protagonist works toward the central story goals, while the antagonist works against the goals.

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thwarted, endangered, or opposing desire

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when a character struggles with their own opposing desires or beliefs.

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sets a character against something or someone beyond their control.
man vs. man
man vs. society
man vs. nature
man vs. technology

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the main idea or underlying meaning a writer explores in a novel, short story, or other literary work.

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a narrative device in which suggestions or warnings about events to come are dropped or planted.

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Oregon State University - School of Writing, Literature and Film

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"What is Foreshadowing?": A Literary Guide for English Students and Teachers

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parallelism, in rhetoric, component of literary style in both prose and poetry, in which coordinate ideas are arranged in phrases, sentences, and paragraphs that balance one element with another of equal importance and similar wording.

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the vantage point from which a story is presented.

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OSU School of Writing, Literature and Film

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"What is Point of View?": A Literary Guide for English Students and Teachers

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A first-person narrative is a mode of storytelling in which a storyteller recounts events from his or her own point of view using the first person such as "I", "us", "our" and "ourselves". It may be narrated by a first-person protagonist, first-person re-teller, first-person witness, or first-person peripheral.

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a little-used technique of narrative in which the action is driven by a character ascribed to the reader, one known as you.

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the narrator reports the events that take place without knowing the motivations or thoughts of any of the characters.

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a method of storytelling in which the narrator knows only the thoughts and feelings of a single character, while other characters are presented only externally.

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This is a common form of third-person narration in which the teller of the tale, who often appears to speak with the voice of the author himself, assumes an omniscient (all-knowing) perspective on the story being told

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a figure of speech and type of metaphor that compares two different things using the words “like” or “as.”

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A metaphor is a literary device that figuratively compares and equates two things that are not alike. An extended metaphor is a version of metaphor that extends over the course of multiple lines, paragraphs, or stanzas of prose or poetry.

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attribution of personal qualities especially : representation of a thing or abstraction as a person or by the human form. 2 : a divinity or imaginary being representing a thing or abstraction.

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a figure of speech that is an intentional exaggeration for emphasis or comic effect.

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A literary device that uses symbols, be they words, people, marks, location, or abstract ideas to represent something beyond the literal meaning

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a rhetorical term that describes words or phrases that, when placed together, create paradoxes or contradictions.

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Oregon State University - School of Writing, Literature and Film

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"What is an Oxymoron?": A Literary Guide for English Students and Teachers

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an appropriate expression used in the place of a phrase or words that may be found inappropriate or offensive.

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Euphemisms That Native Speakers Use All the Time

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Allusion is a figure of speech, in which an object or circumstance from unrelated context is referred to covertly or indirectly. It is left to the audience to make the direct connection.

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OSU School of Writing, Literature and Film

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"What is an Allusion?": A Literary Guide for English Students and Teachers

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Assonance is a resemblance in the sounds of words/syllables either between their vowels or between their consonants.

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Oregon State University - School of Writing, Literature and Film

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"What are Assonance and Consonance?": A Literary Guide for English Students and Teachers

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Alliteration is the repetition of the same sound at the start of a series of words in succession whose purpose is to provide an audible pulse that gives a piece of writing a lulling, lyrical, and/or emotive effect.

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Oregon State University - School of Writing, Literature and Film

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"What is Alliteration?": A Literary Guide for English Students and Teachers

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1 : a trite phrase or expression also : the idea expressed by it. 2 : a hackneyed theme, characterization, or situation. 3 : something (such as a menu item) that has become overly familiar or commonplace.

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a widely used saying or expression that contains a figurative meaning that is different from the phrase's literal meaning.

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Useful Idioms in 60 minutes (Build your vocabulary!)

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A pun is a literary device that is also known as a “play on words.” Puns involve words with similar or identical sounds but with different meanings. Their play on words also relies on a word or phrase having more than one meaning.

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Pun | Figure of Speech | Pun Examples and with Explanation | Pun Literary Device |English Literature

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whenever a person says something or does something that departs from what they (or we) expect them to say or do.

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OSU School of Writing, Literature and Film

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"What is Irony?": A Literary Guide for English Students and Teachers

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Verbal irony is a figure of speech. The speaker intends to be understood as meaning something that contrasts with the literal or usual meaning of what he says.

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the irony of something happening that is very different to what was expected.

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a literary device by which the audience's or reader's understanding of events or individuals in a work surpasses that of its characters.

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Characterization is a name for the methods a writer uses to reveal a character's values, feelings, goals, etc. to readers.

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when an author describes a character in a straightforward manner, as if telling the reader directly.

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Indirect characterization is a type of literary device that reveals details about a character without stating them explicitly.

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one that does not undergo important change in the course of the story, remaining essentially the same at the end

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a character who undergoes some important change in the course of the story

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two-dimensional in that they are relatively uncomplicated and do not change throughout the course of a work.

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characters as described by the course of their development in a work of literature.

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Rhetoric refers to the study and uses of written, spoken and visual language.

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Ethos (Greek for “character”) • Focuses attention on the writer's or speaker's trustworthiness. • Takes one of two forms: “appeal to character” or “appeal to credibility.” • A writer may show “ethos” through her tone, such as taking care to show more.

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Pathos, or the appeal to emotion, means to persuade an audience by purposely evoking certain emotions to make them feel the way the author wants them to feel.

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Logos, or the appeal to logic, means to appeal to the audiences' sense of reason or logic. To use logos, the author makes clear, logical connections between ideas, and includes the use of facts and statistics.