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a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter

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35 mm film is a film gauge used in filmmaking, and the film standard. In motion pictures that record on film, 35 mm is the most commonly used gauge.

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A twin-lens reflex camera (TLR) is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens" (the lens that takes the picture), while the other is used for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.

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A camera obscura is a darkened room with a small hole or lens at one side through which an image is projected onto a wall or table opposite the hole.

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The gelatin silver process is the most commonly used chemical process in black-and-white photography, and is the fundamental chemical process for modern analog color photography.

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a keeper or custodian of a museum or other collection

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Museums of History NSW is changing the way our past is understood and our future will be experienced.

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a public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair

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a room or building for the display or sale of works of art

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a building in which objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural interest are stored and exhibited.

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A photographic studio is often a business owned and represented by one or more photographers, possibly accompanied by assistants and pupils, who create and sell their own and sometimes others

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a condition in which different elements are equal or in the correct proportions

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a repeated decorative design

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the quality or state of being different or diverse; the absence of uniformity, sameness, or monotony

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Proportion refers to the size of the parts of an object in relationship to other parts of the same object

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Movement is the path the viewer's eye takes through the work of art, often to focal areas

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the state of being united or joined as a whole

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stress laid on a word or words to indicate special meaning or particular importance

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An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract.

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An element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art .

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An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to height and width.

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An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free flowing.

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An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value, and intensity. • Hue: name of color • Value: hue’s lightness and darkness (a color’s value changes when white or black is added) • Intensity: quality of brightness and purity (high intensity= color is strong and bright; low intensity= color is faint and dull)

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The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called middle gray.

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An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look as if they might feel if touched.

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symmetry around a central axis, as in a starfish or a tulip flower.

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the quality of being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis

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lack of equality or equivalence between parts or aspects of something; lack of symmetry

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the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect

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images created using photography materials and equipment that don't have an immediate association with the physical

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the property possessed by an object of producing different sensations on the eye as a result of the way the object reflects or emits light

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The phrase warm color is used to describe any color that is vivid or bold in nature

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Neutral colors are muted shades that appear to lack color but often have underlying hues that change with different lighting

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Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined or mixed, cancel each other out by producing a grayscale color like white or black

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Monochromatic colors are all the colors of a single hue

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Color gradient is also known as a color ramp or color progression) specifies a range of position-dependent colors, usually used to fill a region

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helping to improve; promoting further development or advancement

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the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own

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Morally correct

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Subjective is based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions. Objective is not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts.

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Copyrights primarily protect the rights of people who create literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works (like history tests, and software code). Trademarks protect the use of a company's name and its product names, brand identity (like logos) and slogans.

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The rule of thirds is a composition guideline that places your subject in the left or right third of an image, leaving the other two thirds more open

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Leading lines are a compositional technique where human-made or natural lines lead the viewer's eyes through a photograph to the subject or the heart of the image

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The photograph is divided into nine rectangles along two horizontal and vertical lines according to the golden ratio

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Negative space, in art, is the empty space around and between the subject(s) of an image.

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Positive space refers to the subject or areas of interest in an artwork, such as a person's face or figure in a portrait, the objects in a still life painting, or the trees in a landscape painting

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illuminate from behind

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Diffuse lighting is any light that comes from a large surface, either as a directly emitted light or as a strongly reflected light

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Ambient lighting is essentially indirect lighting. A soft light that is reflected off the ceiling. It reduces the shadows on people's faces and fills the room with equal brightness

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the treatment of light and shade in drawing and painting

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the dark shape and outline of someone or something visible against a lighter background, especially in dim light

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a painting, especially an altarpiece, on two hinged wooden panels which may be closed like a book.

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a picture or relief carving on three panels, typically hinged together side by side and used as an altarpiece

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Orthographic projection is a means of representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions. It is a form of parallel projection, in which all the projection lines are orthogonal to the projection plane, resulting in every plane of the scene appearing in affine transformation on the viewing surface

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In geometric optics, distortion is a deviation from rectilinear projection; a projection in which straight lines in a scene remain straight in an image

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a distortion produced by a lens in which the magnification increases toward the edge of the field.

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ISO is your camera's sensitivity to light as it pertains to either film or a digital sensor

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The ASA (American Standards Association) scale is an arbitrary rating of film speed; that is, the sensitivity of the film to light. If everything else is kept constant, the required exposure time is inversely proportional to the ASA rating.

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An image sensor is a device that allows the camera to convert photons – that is, light – into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the device.

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Film grain is the visible silver crystals in a film negative's emulsion. These light-sensitive silver halides change into pure metallic silver when exposed to light, which is how an image is captured on film. So, grain is an inherent part of a film image.

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Just like with sound, where noise refers to auditory disruptions, in photography, the term digital noise refers to visual distortion. Noise looks like tiny colored pixels or specks in your photograph, and sometimes resembles the grain that you may see in film photography

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a space through which light passes in an optical or photographic instrument, especially the variable opening by which light enters a camera

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In optics, the f-number of an optical system such as a camera lens is the ratio of the system's focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil.

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Lens focal length tells us the angle of view—how much of the scene will be captured—and the magnification—how large individual elements will be

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the distance between the nearest and the furthest objects that give an image judged to be in focus in a camera.

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the visual quality of the out-of-focus areas of a photographic image, especially as rendered by a particular lens.

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Auto Mode. Automatic Exposure is when the camera chooses the optimum shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash settings for your shot.

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In program mode the camera selects and sets both the shutter speed and the aperture. For any given brightness of light, the camera has been programmed to set a specific combination of shutter speed and aperture

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As the name suggests, “Manual” mode stands for a full manual control of Aperture and Shutter Speed. In this mode, you can manually set both the aperture and the shutter speed to any value you want – the camera lets you fully take over the exposure controls.

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Shutter Priority is a semi-automatic camera mode that allows you to set the shutter speed and ISO, while your camera sets the aperture. shutter priority mode.

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In digital photography, camera technology now features modes that can help adjust those settings for you. One of those modes is aperture priority. With it, the photographer selects a specific aperture value and the camera autoselects the proper shutter speed based on how much light it detects.

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the time for which a shutter is open at a given setting.

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The Bulb setting on camera shutters is a momentary-action mode that holds shutters open for as long as a photographer depresses the shutter-release button.

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Motion blur is the apparent streaking of moving objects in a photograph or a sequence of frames, such as a film or animation

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n photography, a tripod is a portable device used to support, stabilize and elevate a camera, a flash unit, or other videographic or observational/measuring equipment.

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Camera shake is a term used to define the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images

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Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements

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1. denoting the photographic technique of taking a sequence of frames at set intervals to record changes that take place slowly over time. When the frames are shown at normal speed, or in quick succession, the action seems much faster.

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Light painting, painting with light, light drawing, or light art performance photography are terms that describe photographic techniques of moving a light source while taking a long-exposure photograph

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In cinematography and photography panning means swivelling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position

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Burst mode, also called continuous shooting mode, sports mode, continuous mode, or burst shot, is a shooting mode in still cameras where several photos are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down

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In photography, the metering mode refers to the way in which a camera determines exposure. Cameras generally allow the user to select between spot, center-weighted average, or multi-zone metering modes

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Partial Metering is a camera-metering mode in which the metering is weighted at the center of the viewfinder (unlike center-weighted in which the camera averages the exposure based on the reading at the center).

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Centre-weighted Average metering is like using Evaluative metering with a centre AF point. It places greater emphasis on the centre area while also taking meter reading across the entire frame

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Evaluative metering is the default metering mode on most cameras. It ensures that the camera will automatically adjust to the right exposure setting even when the ambient lighting shows greater contrast.

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By definition 18% gray is the “mid-point between black and white on a logarithmic or exponential curve.” Think of it this way; it is simply halfway between black and white.

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dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface.

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In photography, midtones refer to the areas of the image between the shadows and highlights. It accounts for 50% of the tonal range

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make visually prominent.

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a small illustration or portrait photograph which fades into its background without a definite border

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a brownish tone imparted to a photograph, esp an early one such as a calotype. It can be produced by first bleaching a print (after fixing) and then immersing it for a short time in a solution of sodium sulphide or of alkaline thiourea.

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Autofocus (AF) points are what you use to determine where the camera will be focusing the image. When you look through your viewfinder, these are the rectangles or circles that you see

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In photography, bracketing is the general technique of taking several shots of the same subject using different camera settings

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The exposure meter indicates the level of light reaching the sensor. Too much light results in over exposure which gives you a photo that is too light and lacking detail. Too little light results in under exposure which gives you a photo that is too dark and again, lacking detail.

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Exposure compensation basically helps you override automatic exposure adjustments your camera makes in situations with uneven light distribution, filters, non-standard processing, or underexposure or overexposure. It lets you take control of your image's brightness by manually increasing or decreasing exposure.

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Term: Grey Card White Balance Description: A grey card is a tool that photographers use to adjust white balance (and exposure) settings for accurate color in-camera or during post-production.

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The Workspace switcher is located in the Application bar above the Control panel. The Workspace switcher displays the name of the current workspace and can also be used to change between workspaces or to reset the current workspace.

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The toolbar is where Photoshop holds the many tools we have to work with. There are tools for making selections, for cropping and retouching images, for adding shapes and type, and many more!

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Cropping is the removal of unwanted outer areas from a photographic or illustrated image.

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The aspect ratio of an image is the ratio of its width to its height, and is expressed with two numbers separated by a colon, such as 16:9, sixteen-to-nine. For the x:y aspect ratio, the image is x units wide and y units high

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Image resolution is the detail an image holds. The term applies to digital images, film images, and other types of images. "Higher resolution" means more image detail. Image resolution can be measured in various ways. Resolution quantifies how close lines can be to each other and still be visibly resolved.