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Due to the war, it was difficult to manage the supplies that were essential for convoys traveling in international waters. The government wanted to protect Canada's inland and coastal shipping routes and granted licenses to more stations so that radio telegraphy could be used to increase efficiency and security for shipping.

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In April of 1915, during the Battle of Ypres, the Germans used chlorine gas as a weapon against Britain and Canada. The gas would cause blindness and destroy the lung tissues of soldiers. To prevent this, Captain Cluny Macpherson, a doctor from Newfoundland, designed the Phenate Helmet. The gas mask was covered with chemicals that protected the soldiers from the chlorine gas.

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The tanks were first effectively deployed in WWI. Carleton Lynde was a Canadian researcher whose work on the resistance of metals contributed to the development of the first British Attack Tank. These tanks were used successfully in the Battle of Amiens in 1918.

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Canada helped its allies in the UK by providing Canadian tools and expertise that could help them meet their demands for wood products. One of the key tools was the Canadian cant-hook, which was used to manipulate logs. The tool became globalized and reduced the need to import wood from elsewhere to meet British requirements.

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Due to the pressure of the war, blood transfusions helped prevent the wounded from excessive loss of blood. L. Bruce Robertson, a Canadian pioneer in blood transfusion, was a war surgeon who saved many lives. He wrote three papers under battle conditions to demonstrate how to adopt the method of blood transfusion.

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During WWI, wired phones were easily cut by artillery fire, so there was a need for reliable battlefield communication. In early 1917, Canadian wireless communication saw substantial technological importance with the introduction of wireless sets that provided greater range with smaller antennas.

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Built between 1917-1925, the Queenston-Chippawa Hydro-Electric Development at Niagara Falls was the first and largest hydroelectricity project in the world. Ontario’s Hydro-Electric Power Commission (HEPC) created this project due to high demand from urban homes and industries, such as mining, pulp and paper, and aluminum processing.

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The Spanish Flu, from 1918 to 1920, killed many Canadians, and impacted over 60 000 Canadian volunteers during WWI. Prior to 1918, there were no systems to identify and monitor viruses. By the fall of 1918, many countries established systems to monitor influenza-like activity, which later led to advancements in medical science, such as antibiotics, ventilators, and PPE.

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Incorporation of Canadian National Railways - Jun 1919

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Incorporation of Canadian National Railways - Jun 1919

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On June 6, 1919, the Canadian National Railway, also known as CN, was incorporated. The CN is the largest railway system in North America, which connects to three coasts, the Atlantic, Pacific, and Gulf of Mexico. It transports approximately $250 billion worth of goods annually.

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The Field Surgery Kit provides surgeons with medical equipment to perform necessary procedures while on the battlefield. The kit had instruments that were able to extract bullets, shell fragments, and suture wounds. The kit could be easily transported by being rolled up and is an example of modernization. These kits were made in Canada and were very beneficial to the Canadian economy.