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~Jason Reynolds
~Trayvon Martin
~Darnesha Harris
~Tamir Rice
~Kimani Gray
~Michael Brown

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~Racism
~Anti-racism
~Assimilation
~Ideology
~Behavior
~Segregationist

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Every person has racist ideas, and we need to focus on forming an anti-racist world.

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What are your thoughts and feeling going into the book? Do you anticipate that you will change in any way after reading the book? Do you think it is important to learn about racism and being antiracist? Why?
I think that I will learn a lot that I didn't know before going into this book, and I might have a better understanding of racism and anti-racism when I finish this book. I may also notice things that I never thought about before, so I will change because I will grow more knowledgeable when it comes to the history of racism and anti-racism. I think it is very important to learn about racism because it is a huge chunk of history and on-going life.

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~Gomes Eanes de Zurara - World's First Racist
~Prince Henry-jealous, convinced his dad to capture the trading depot in Morocco for its riches
~King John- King of Portugal, started the capturing of Moorish people as human property
~Johannes Leo/al-Hasan Ibn Muhammad al-Wazzan al-Fasi/Leo Africanus (all one guy)- drinking the Kool Aid guy./First African racist/well-educated Moroccan who was enslaved and then converted. Commissioned a survey to reinforce Zurara's ideas and became the First African Racist.

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~Race
~Segregationists
~Assimilationist
~Antiracist
~Zurara
~Moniker

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Zurara was the world's first racist because he was the first person to specifically support the capturing of Africans because of their race, and was the first to talk badly of Africans just because they were African.

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Why does Jason Reynolds say that Stamped is not a history book? • The book lays out three positions: segregationist, assimilationist, and antiracist. How do these patterns repeat in history? Where do you see these ideas today? • What were you surprised to learn?

Jason Reynolds says that Stamped is not a history book because the book is not going to be like a timeline of wars and revolutions like you would see in a history book. Some patterns that you can find in history that have to do with assimilation and antiracism is how antiracists had to fight for different things throughout history that were segregated. For instance, antiracists fought for unsegregated water fountains, bathrooms, and even schools. Today, stuff is no longer segregated by race, but there are still racist things that happen and there are still racists and antiracists. I was surprised to learn that there is actually a first racist, and that so much was started by Zurara's racist ideas.

Have you ever been a segragationist or participated in segregationist activity ?
When I was little I would make my birthday parties "girls only".

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~George Best- travel writer who came up with curse theory ~Aristotle- creator of climate theory (Greek philosopher)
~William Penkins- wrote Ordering a familie to make slavery seem not bad.
~John Cotton - Puritan who used climate theory and collaboration with Richard Mather to create churches, systems and Harvard. ~John Pory- land owner/curse theory defender AND cousins of ~George George Yeardley- first slaveowner/first American legislator

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~Climate Theory
~Curse Theory
~Slaves
~Enslavers
~Cockamamie

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Religion can be used to enslave and oppress instead of free and save people. The persistence of theories that contradict reality.

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I, Too
Langston Hughes - 1902-1967

I, too, sing America.

I am the darker brother.
They send me to eat in the kitchen
When company comes,
But I laugh,
And eat well,
And grow strong.

Tomorrow,
I'll be at the table
When company comes.
Nobody'll dare
Say to me,
“Eat in the kitchen,”
Then.

Besides,
They'll see how beautiful I am
And be ashamed—

I, too, am America.

What themes can you draw from the poem, use text evidence to justify your answer.
Langston Hughes is writing about how because he is "the darker brother", he has to deal with racist ideologies. This statement is supported by the poem when it says "They send me to eat in the kitchen when company comes." It shows that the family is somewhat embarrassed/ashamed of him, and does not want other people to judge the family because he is present. However, there is a second part where it is revealed that Langston Hughes is hopeful and happy, because he knows that one day this will not happen.

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~Vanini- alternative creation story/ African were a different species ~Locke- whites had pure brains, superior minds.
~Baxter- tried to assert Africans wanted to be enslaved in order to be baptised.
~Mennonites- antiracists who equated oppression due to skin color as oppression due to religion ~Metacomet-Native American war leader who led the resistance against Puritans, but was killed and dismembered by the Puritans, thus ending the resistance.
~Nathaniel Bacon- saw races as equal : wanted to free slaves and band together with poor whites to fight the common enemy was rich whites. Instigated conflict between Natives and Berkeley.
~William Berkeley- Governor of Virginia/fur trader/creator of white privilege

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~Petition-a formal written request, typically one signed by many people, appealing to authority with respect to a particular cause. denouncing-publicly declare to be wrong or evil
~Polygenesis-the hypothetical origination of a race or species from a number of independent origins. A different Adam
~Privilege- a right, immunity, or benefit enjoyed by a particular person or a restricted group of people beyond the advantages of most

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Power of literature and media to justify the actions of those in power and turn those abused against each other.

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Prompt Response How did White privilege begin? Use text evidence to support your answer.
White privelage began as soon as and maybe even a bit before racism did. The reason I say this, is because White Europeans always had privelages that would make them powerful and wealthy.

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~Cotton Mather-grandson of John Cotton and Richard Mather, 11 year old Harvard student; extremely religious and started the obsession with witches and associated black with criminality/devil.
~Edward Randolph- reported to King Charles that the New World experiment wasn't going well and needed a tighter grip.
~Samuel Parris- minister from Salem,MA who started the Salem witch trials.
~Johnathan Edwards- spearheaded the great Awakening, focused on equality in souls and racist Christianity. Place Salem, Massachusetts-Samuel Parris Connecticut- Edwards' Great Awakening

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~Wunderkind- child prodigy/exceptional at a young age. ~Sermonize-If you tell someone at length what they should do, especially if there's plenty of judgment and moral superiority in your speech, you sermonize.
~Pulpit-a raised platform or lectern in a church or chapel from which the preacher delivers a sermon. Spearheaded-lead (a movement or attack) lingers-be slow to disappear or die/persist and remain for a long time.

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Religion was used to divert attention from those in power. People will do anything to hide their inner corruption. Racism in America was shaped and guided by religion.

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What were the new set of racist codes? 6 of them. What was their purpose? Use text evidence.

The six racist codes were:
1. No interracial relationships.
2. Tax imported captives.
3. Classify Natives and Blacks the same way you would horses and hogs in tax code. Meaning, they wee literally classified as livestock, not humans.
4. Blacks can't hold office.
5. All property owned by a slave is sold, which of course, contributes to Black poverty.
6. White indentured servants who were freed are awarded fifty acres of property, of course contributing to White prosperity.
The purpose of these codes was to stop the slaves from revolting. I know this because in the text it said "As the population of enslaved people grew, the fear of more revolt grew with it. So, in order to keep their

Read the last five sentences of the chapter. Now think about Cotton Mather’s ideology. What do you think the author wants us to understand about how the passing on of these ideologies can affect us in modern society?
When someone dies, their ideas, opinions, and motivations live on, meaning that when someone dies people will still recognize their ideas, and fight for their opinions.

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~Benjamin Franklin
~Thomas Jefferson
~Phillis Wheatley
~Zurara

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~Enlightenment-the feeling of being enlightened
~Assimalationist-a person who advocates or participates in racial or cultural integration

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Racism exists today as well as in the past, and it mainly grew because of christianity and the church.

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1. How was Christianity used to support racist ideas
2. Racism is so embedded in our lives that even everyday expressions associate Blackness with negativity. Examples include words like black sheep, blackballing, blacklisting, and black mark. Other words include minority, ghetto, and inner city. What are more words? What can we do about this?
3. Do you think the problems of racism today are better or worse than 30 years ago?

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Class Discussion:
~The authors wanted to give readers a break!

~The author wanted to add a little comedy to the book.

~The author wanted to make sure he got his point across without going into too much detail.

What did he accomplish?
He was able to teach his readers the differences between. Racism, anti racism, and assimilationists.
He was also able to help his readers understand what a racist idea is.

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~Thomas Jefferson- 3rd President, slave owner but still studied anti-racism.

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~Assimilationist- a person who advocates or participates in racial or cultural integration. ~Segregationist- a person who supports the policy of enforced separation of different racial groups.
~Anti-racist/Anti-Racism-a person who opposes racism and promotes racial tolerance. OR opposing racism and promoting racial tolerance.

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How do you feel about African Americans only counting as three fifths of a person.
~It was like a tactic to make Black people seem less human.
~It's like when siblings try to divide water or food and you give yourself slightly more.

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What does it mean that Thomas Jefferson, a man who owned over 200 slaves, was writing America's Freedom document? What are your thoughts on Thomas Jefferson, a leader of America just leaving when America needed him?
Thomas Jefferson obviously was not the right type of person to be writing a document declaring freedom, because he was the type of person who only thinks of himself and people exactly like him. It wierd that we still hold the Declaration of Independence to such power, because it's...bad. Thomas Jefferson knew nothing of freedom and the declaration he wrote isn't good, so why is it still so important?

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why would you think he made this chapter short and what are your thoughts on this chapter?
I think he made this chapter short to get to his point and not make it complicated.

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what was the first country to end slavery and why do you think they ended it in their country? Why do you think abolitionists where trying to urge newly freed people to go to church to learn?
The first country to end slavery was Haiti. I think it was ended in that country because of citizens protesting.

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~Assimilationist- a person who advocates or participates in racial or cultural integration.
~Abolitionist-a person who favors the abolition of a practice or institution, especially capital punishment or (formerly) slavery. ~Suasion-persuasion as opposed to force or compulsion.

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~Thomas Jefferson (again)-President, segregationist,
~Gabriel and Nany Prosser- planned slave rebellion but cynical slaves betrayed the revolt.
~Robert Finley
~James Tallmadge Jr.
~Sally Hemmings

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~Conundrum
~Exploit
~Leverage
~Cynical
~Lucid
~Gurney
~Entwine

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What is the author's tone and verbal mood? Use text evidence.
The author's tone and verbal mood is serious and factual, but the author is also making the chapter interesting through certain sentences.

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~"Mike"
~William Lloyd Garrison
~Thomas Jefferson
~John Adams
~Robert Finley
~David Walker
~Nat Turner

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~Samuel Morton
~John C. Calhoun
~William Lloyd Garrison
~Frederick Douglass
~Harriet Beecher Stowe

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Published books about slavery had a huge imact and made many people drawn to the abolitionist movement.

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Summarize Chapter 13 in 6-8 sentences.

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Prompt Response: How do the two summaries compare? Use text evidence and think of:- author's tone- structure- interpretation- detail