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The Birth of Venus
a theme that can be found from Ovid's Metamorephoses. We see can see the influence of Neoplatism that tries to connect with Greek and Roman cultural heritage and Christianity.

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The Birth of Venus, Botticelli- Inspires spiritual love by portraying an 'ideal' but unreal women who as Goddess of Love and due to her beauty, incites physical love/lust. Platonic ideas of physical representing the spiritual.
David, Michelangelo- Once again, physical beauty representing a beautiful soul. David defeated Goliath with only a slingshot and his faith in God. Meant to increase our faith in God. Seen as a political symbol in Florence, due to it's power and the bible story associated with it. Contrasts many depictions of the story, which include Goliath's severed head + takes place after battle. This sculpture is before the battle, before the faith is tested, full of anticipation and a bit of fear.
The Virgin of the Rocks (II), Leonardo Da Vinci- Contrasting  typical pictures of Mary on her throne in Heaven, the Mary is on the Rocks. A "Humility Mary". This is increased by her blue clothes, symbolising both the divine and water.

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primavera, Botticelli
the tones used give a feeling of mystery to the painting
moses, michelangelo
gives a balance to the work in terms of posture drapery expressiveness
assumption of the virgin
brushwork gives heightened emotion

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Pieta - Michelangelo: Incorruptible purity of Mary (she is shown as a young madan rather than an old woman). The communication between man and god through the sacrifice of Christ. Christ's face didn't show signs of "The Passion", nor did Mary's show signs of loss or anguish - Michelangelo didn't want the sculpture to be about death.

Sibyls - Raphael: Phropocey regarding the eventual victory of Christianity over Antiquity, quote on the fresco saying, “descends from heavens on high”.

Pieta - Titian: Plead for salvation, prayer for himself and son - survive plage - emotional (Fear, horror - closeness of death) statues = frozen bodies (rigor mortis after death) painting not just about Christ's death but his own (last painting he ever made - unfinished at TOD)

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Lady with an Ermine-Leonardo Da Vinci: The ermine is argued to represent either purity or link her to a powerful/rich family.

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The triangle = Show importance/ clusters of people - also leads the viewers eye. also the holy trinity.
Gold, red, green, blue = prime colours (Gold usually used to represent godly figures - figures with a strong association with god) Mary is often in blue and she is seen as pure (so blue could represent the purity of man? instead of the usual white...)

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Symbolic shapes to represent the divine and the ideal

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Symbolic shapes to represent the divine and the ideal

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Triangle = Trinity
Circle =  perfection, the ideal

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Religion/Chrisitanity- the religious figures from the bible eg. Jesus, Mary, disciples, angels. The cross,
the eurochrist? (communion/ bread and wine)
Classical figures- Roman/Greek gods

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Idealised female nude = Venus, nympths

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Above/Below
Blue= heavenly, devine,
Red = humanity, suffering. (Sometimes the suffering of Christ)

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Dove= Holy Spirit
Blue= water sometimes. Mary often wears this colour. looks at the divine, purity
Halo's + Angel Wings= angels
Cross= Jesus
Lamb= Jesus (The Lamb of God, The good Shepherd)
Ideal form/ attractive body= good soul (Platonic ideas of outer representing the inner)
Red= fire, divine
Green + brown= earth, humanity, the physical.