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Gorilla, Orangutan, Bonobo, Chimpanzee

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Variation means a change or difference in condition. The Great Ape family consists of Gorillas, Orangutans, Bonobos, and Chimpanzees.

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Great Apes are a family of large apes closely related to humans.

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Gorillas were discovered in 1902 in Germany by Captain Robert Von Beringe.
Orangutans were discovered in the 18th century when they were believed to be all of the Great apes.
Bonobos were discovered in 1928 by a German Anatomist Ernst Schwarz.
Chimpanzees were discovered to coexist with early human ancestors, known as hominids.

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The first great ape was discovered in the Virunga mountains in Rwanda.

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Inheritance means the genetic characters transmitted from parent to offspring. Great Apes inheritance is similar to the DNA of those of a human.

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Mutation means The changing of the structure of a gene. The mutation of a great ape is a more common selectively neutral mutation separates humans from the great apes. The mutations occur at a constant rate.

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Selection mean a process in which environmental or genetic influences determine which types of organism thrive better than others, regarded as a factor in evolution. The selection of great apes is the both purifying and positive selection varies between species and is correlated with the long-term effective population size.

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Migration means the seasonal movement of animals from one region to another. The migration of a great ape is from western to eastern Chimpanzees

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Molecular evolution is the process of change in the sequence composition of cellular molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins across generations. The molecular evolution in great apes is 1.2% between all of the great apes.

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Ontogeny Recapitulates Phylogeny means the development of an organism shows all the intermediate form throughout evolution. The Ontogeny Recapitulates Phylogeny in great apes is the capacity for consciousness in species.

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Vestigial organs are a basic structure in humans corresponding to a functional structure or organ in ancestral animals. A vestigial organ in a great ape is the caecum and the appendix, which are also in the human body.

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Homologous Structure is an example of an organ or bone that appears in different animals. A homologous structure in a great ape is the hand bones. They are similar to those of a human because o the thumb.

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Divergent evolution is the accumulation of differences between groups which can lead to the formation of new species. The divergent evolution in great apes is

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Parallel evolution is  the independent evolution of similar traits, starting from a similar ancestral condition.

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Convergent Evolution means the process whereby organisms not closely related, independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches.