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An Injury is an instance of being injured and a fall is when you move from a higher to lower level, typically rapidly and without control.

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-Physiotherapy
-Rehabilitation
-Staying active
-Exercise and stretches
-Hot and cold packs
-Medications
-Rest and relaxing
-Casts, boots, splints, wheelchair, walking frame & crutches

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Health factors such as smoking, diabetes and circulatory problems can increase your risk of injuries.
unsafe work/housing environment can also increase the risk of injuries.

When an injury has a occurred the following signs ans symptoms are commonly observed:

- Vomiting
- Bleeding, from location of wound
- Swelling
- Bruises
- Weakness
- Difficulty with balance
- Numbness
- Extreme Pain
- Inability to move
- Inflammation
- Concussion
- Muscle spasms

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Body proportions- children particularly toddlers have a large head size in relation to their body. This is due to the cephalocaudal pattern of development. As a result they have a higher center of gravity which makes them more likely to fall over. RISK

Height- being smaller insure than adults, children are less likely to be seen by vehicles on the road and are less able to see potential dangers.RISK

Thinner skin- children tend to have thinner skin than adults which puts them at greater risk of damaging there skin from an injury or fall. RISK

Smaller body size- children have smaller fingers, hands, arms, toes, feet and legs which can get caught in small gaps and holes, therefore increasing the risk of injury occurring. RISK

Motor skill development- young children are more likely to drop things, trip and fall as there motor skills are still developing. RISK

Genetics- children who learn to walk earlier in life are less likely to experience falls or injuries as they are able to control their body movements and are able to respond quickly if they are in the way of a hazard. PROTECTIVE

Body weight- If you have extra body weight on you if you fall over it is less likely to hurt or cause injury as the impact of the fall is not as harsh, compared to someone with a smaller body weight, due to the impact of falling the extra skin acts as a protective factor and decreases the level of pain. PROTECTIVE

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Factors within physical environment can act to increase or decrease the risk of falls and injuries.
- Access to recreational facilities: New built playgrounds are designed to reduce the risk of injury when a child falls, for example rubberised areas on the playground. Older playgrounds have a higher risk of injury due to reduced amount of rubber or protective boarders.
- Housing environment : Many high risk injuries occur in a home, such as tripping on toys left around, this can increase the risks of falls. Leaving children unsupervised around hot surfaces can result in burns or your child being scalded if they touch the surface or object. leaving medications or poisons around the house with unsupervised children can result in severe internal injuries and possibly death.

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Children that excercise regularly have more risk of becoming injured which may include, bike riding, running, climbing etc. lthough it may be dangerous it keeps them fit at a young age, it should be on average that a child has at least 1 hour of excercise a day for a healthy lifestyle

Children that dont regularly excercise are at risk of becoming obese and further diseases such as diabetes although they are not as much at harm than children that excercise

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Approximately 260 children die and 58,000 are hospitalised every year due to unintentional injury in Australia. This means that more Australian children die of injury than die of cancer, asthma and infectious diseases combined.

Every year in Victoria approximately 29 children die and a further 81,000 are treated in hospital as a result of unintentional injuries. The majority of these injuries and deaths are preventable.

Some Causes of child injury include:

Falls – from things such as nursery furniture and equipment (e.g. prams, high chairs, change tables), household furniture (e.g. cots, beds, chairs), playground equipment and wheeled devices (e.g. bikes, scooters).

Hit/Struck/Crush – finger jambs in doors and household objects such as televisions and bookcases falling on top of children.

Transport – children involved in motor vehicle incidents, pedestrian incidents and driveway run overs.

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Social Determinant -
Lack of Knowledge;
leading to risk-taking behavior, children do not always have the knowledge regarding how to keep safe. As a result they may engage in behaviors that increase their risks of falls and injuries
RISK

Lack of super vision; parents,carers or supervisors may not maintain constant supervision of a child in their care. As a result a child may fall and become injured in a situation that may have been prevented if the child had been carefully supervised
RISK

Peer pressure;
some children may feel pressured by their peers to engage in risk- taking behavior leading to falls and injuries for example, completing a trick on a skateboard or bike which may result in a child falling and injuring themselves
RISK

Natural Inquisitiveness
Children are naturally inquisitive and may become injured when exploring their surroundings
RISK