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Consider some of your own test items.

Use the item writing guidelines and work to improve TWO of your items.

Under your name (Q1 & Q2), post your original question and then copy and paste the revised question from Google Docs.

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A major difference between the way a protein crosses mitochondrial membranes compared to the way a protein          crosses the nuclear envelope is that a protein that crosses the mitochondrial membrane ______.
a) always keeps its signal sequence after it crosses
b) always crosses one membrane at a time

*c) must unfold to be translocated
d) enters the mitochondrial matrix in the form of a membranous vesicle
e) uses mitochondrial ribosomes to finish its translation once across

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In a water environment, “detergents” tend to form “micelles” instead of bilayers primarily because detergents ___

a) are non-polar lipids and bilayers can only be formed by dipolar lipids

b) completely dissociate into ions during micelle formation whereas bilayers do not

c) are purely lipid in nature and only lipid-protein complexes can form bilayers

*d) have only 1 non-polar tail while membrane lipids that form bilayers have 2 non-polar tails

e) lack the phosphate groups necessary for bilayer formation

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The four main ingredients in a Polymerase Chain Reaction are

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The four main ingredients in a Polymerase Chain Reaction are

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i.Taq polymerase
ii.dNTPs
iii.Primers
iv.Template

Based on your understanding of PCR, which ingredients (see list above) are used up during a PCR?
a. ii only
b. i  (Taq Polymerase) and ii (dNTPs)
c. ii (dNTPs) and iii (Primers) * Answer
d. all of the ingredients

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DNA is generally amplified (either using PCR or using bacterial vectors) prior to sequencing. Which of the following best explains why?

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DNA is generally amplified (either using PCR or using bacterial vectors) prior to sequencing. Which of the following best explains why?

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a. Just to be safe in case DNA is destroyed during the denaturation step during sequencing reactions
b. So that we have a higher chance of ssDNA coming in contact with sequencing DNA polymerase
c. More DNA molecules makes it easier to read the gel
d. Amplification increases the probability of getting all possible chain terminated products * Answer

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The graphic is very clear, and I like the way it is labled. However, I am not sure what the choices A, B, and C should read. Is there information missing?

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Course: 300 level genetics lab
Learning Objective: Apply the chemistry of DNA replication (not in list)
BioSkill: Model application/Connecting scientific knowledge
Question Format Type: Complex Multiple Choice
Question Stem
The four main ingredients in a Polymerase Chain Reaction are i.Taq polymerase ii.dNTPs iii.Primers iv.Template.
Based on your understanding of PCR, which ingredients (see list above) are used up during a PCR?
a. ii only
b. i and ii
c. ii and iii
d. all of the ingredients

Correct Answer(s) (if closed response)c. ii and iii
Explanation of correct/incorrect answer(s) Students have to apply knowledge from 100 biology and chemistry (reactions & enzymes) and list what is the “enzyme” and which ingredients are the “reactants” and what is the product.
Notes on this question to share with author:The main point I'm trying to get across here is that the primers are incorporated into product (most seem to miss this)

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I wonder if you might be able to reduce the heafty reading load while maintaining the question's clarity. Something along the lines of "protein transport across the mitochondrial membrane differs from transport across the nuclear membrane. which of the following is true of mitochondrial membrane transport" it might even be able to be shorter. "crosses one membrane at a time" is confusing to me, do you mean the two membranes of the mitochondrion or that a protein doesn't cross the nuclear membrane and mitochondral membrane at the same time (which seems obvious?). aLl in all, a great and clear question, I think it could be shorter:).

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Adding the items in parentheses definitely helped me understand the options better!

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Adding the items in parentheses definitely helped me understand the options better!

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Why the quotes around detergents and micelles? are these vocab words that the students should know? Could you reduce the cognitive load of the question by offering 3 or 4 options instead of 5?

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I really like the diversity of concepts about water that this question asks!
My only concern is that the way it's laid out creates a high mental load in reading/interpreting each statement individually. That said, I'm really not sure how to improve it. Does anyone else have suggestions?

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The revised question is a lot more clear ask to what is being asked of students. Yesterday I think there was a recommendation to remove "all of the above" or "none of these" type answers, so maybe you could forego including the option d.

I'm also curious if it's possible to streamline this even more by just writing a. taq polymerase, b taq polymerase + dNTPS c. dNTPS + primers

^^that kind of structure may avoid students mistaking what i ii iii and iv stand for and reduce the cognitive load of the question.

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I like this question! My only comment is about option C: could a student who has some knowledge, but not perfect knowledge, get hung up on that one? If we're running a gel for PCR product then we do need enough DNA to visualize the bands, so is this option too much of an attractor? I don't teach sequencing myself, so maybe I am totally out in the wilderness here, just something to think about! :)

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I agree with the opinion that this question will really hone in on student knowledge about water.
I wonder if you might want to shorten the language on the last true/false for consistency with the other T/F items.

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I guess something is missing or I am not understanding this question. Sorry

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I guess something is missing or I am not understanding this question. Sorry

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I like the question but I agree with the other review to maybe eliminate all the Roman numerals and just use the words in the choices or stick to abc format

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some suggestions for this wonderful question. The stem can just read "Identify all the true statements about water" and lose the rest. in the second option, eliminate the word "remaining" in the pH option, I would say "causing a pH change" the last option should become two different T/F options. Why are some words bolded?

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I really like these series of questions. This would be great in a formative /clicker question series, with only a few of them with things changed into the "true" version or vice versa for the summative assessment

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Thank you for writing this. I still had reservations for multiple TF questions but this question is a good example as to how one question can be used to cover a concept in details. Only suggession: I will preferably stick with 4 answer choices only

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Thank you for writing this. I still had reservations for multiple TF questions but this question is a good example as to how one question can be used to cover a concept in details. Only suggession: I will preferably stick with 4 answer choices only

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Sounds like an interesting question but it does seem to be missing content in the answers? Also what exactly are we trying to assess here - polar vs nonpolar functional group?

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I also agree with the previous reviewer to just ask the question about whether each statement is a correct or incorrect property of water. The stem can be misleading that only some of the correct properties of water might apply to the specific statements made in the question