# data[].attributes.body
As a first year teacher walking in or a teacher coming into any school, it is important to build relationships. This could be between students, students and teachers, teacher to teacher, or teacher to administrator. These types of relationships are not easy to build but building them helps students, teachers, and administration feel like they have someone to talk to, trust, and they feel as though they are in a safe place. These are people you can lean on when times get tough, when you are stuck, or need advice.

# data[].attributes.body
An important strategy for teachers is to incorporate students' families into the classroom so that they feel like they are a part of what is going on. Family may want to be involved but incapable due to a job that they work or other things that may get in the way (like their fear of a language barrier). Involving families can give them better relationships with their student or help them make connections in the community that they may not of had before. There is so much to learn from families if you put forth the effort.

# data[].attributes.body
Translanguaging means to incorporate multiple languages in the classroom. This not only means by speaking the language but also using it in your classroom. This could include (but is not limited to) picking books in that language, labeling in both languages, singing in different languages, and using decorations that show a different language. This will help students who are learning a new language or help English Language Learners feel like they are seen in their own classroom. It will also make it feel more like home to English Language Learners.

# data[].attributes.body
Contrastive Analysis is a tool that is used in order to help students learn a language and for a teacher to help teach a language. Contrastive Analysis is comparing and contrasting at least two different languages at the same level. An example of this would be to compare Spanish and English when talking about adjectives and how in Spanish the adjective is put after the noun but in English it is put before the noun. But, either way it is seen as the same thing. A student could work with their native language and the language that they are struggling with and this gives them the balance of working with a structure they understand and one they do not as much understand.

# data[].attributes.body
Syntax Surgery gives students the opportunity to better understand English and break apart a sentence so that they can see the syntax for themselves onto a strip of paper. This is very beneficial for ELL students so that they can break the sentence apart and piece it together to where it will make sense. They could use this to sound out the sentence and see how it sounds different when you put words in a different order and they can also visually see it. It can be adjusted to any grade level so that it can work for students at many different ranges.

# data[].attributes.body
A Learning Center or Learning Centers gives students the opportunity to go to different spaces in the room and observe different ways of learning and enriching their ways of understanding. They are typically individual sections of the room that each have their own thing going on. An example of these learning centers would be possibly one corner watches a video, one is reading a book, one is drawing, and one may be writing. It is important to explain who will be in what area and specifically what they will be doing.

# data[].attributes.body
Close Reading is the chance for students to really analyze a passage of reading (usually a short article or some amount of text). During close reading, students can do things like highlighting, looking for main ideas, and more. Close Reading can also be used to look at structure of the text and ways that it can be interpreted or answering a set amount of questions. This type of reading can really allow students to better understand what they are reading and it will also help them to better their comprehension skills and not be overwhelmed by a text.

# data[].attributes.body
This strategy is another thing that students can do when reading a story. Story Reenactment often happens after a student has read a story and they are given the opportunity to act out the story. They could just be reading a script acting as one of the characters or they could go as deep as creating props and having multiple steps to their reenactment. This gives students the opportunity to become the characters and better understand the story and the emotions that are in said story. This is often very popular among kids and they get the opportunity to really bring it to life.

# data[].attributes.body
TPR stands for Total Physical Response. Total Physical Response works for students in a language learning/vocabulary environment. This involves the use of physical movement to help students be fully moving and relate their learning to a certain movement. I tutor a boy in Spelling and Language and he uses examples of this when sounding out words and using hand movements to further his understanding of what a certain letter sounds like to move through the word. This really helps students to be interacting with what they are learning.

# data[].attributes.body
Graphic organizers are types of graphs that can help students communicate ideas and thoughts effectively and efficiently. This may be something like an XY table or a Venn Diagram. It is something I prominently remember when I was in Elementary School. It can help students better grasp the idea of comparing/contrasting, brainstorming, predicting, and planning. These are just a few things that graphic organizers could help students do. They also allow a different way of showing thoughts and ideas besides just writing things in sentences on paper.

# data[].attributes.body
Vocabulary Role Play allows for students to connect their vocabulary to their past experiences and their current learning material. The vocabulary that they are learning will better stick with them if they use this because they are roleplaying to relate their vocabulary to different situations. The steps to go through vocabulary role play are to identify key vocabulary, teach the lesson or read the book, connect the vocabulary to past experiences, sort the words, plan ways to use the words, give the students time to practice, perform the scene, and focus on multiple word meanings. Doing this while learning vocabulary may help students better recall how to use the word in real-life context.

# data[].attributes.body
Modeled talk is a strategy that teachers use when they are teaching a lesson so that the students better understand the direction they are going on during the lesson. The teacher would, in theory, use gestures and other acting things out so that they could explain the parts of the lesson. This could be like showing examples of the directions or concepts that they will be learning. There could be examples of what is going to happen or the teacher could play as the student in the lesson. For example, in the picture the teacher is doing an example of the problem that may be similar to what a student might do.

# data[].attributes.body
Predictable Routines are a set of steps that a student can expect in a day. This makes them feel safe, secure, and less anxious. If they know what is coming then they will be prepared for the day and know what to expect. This can include a daily or weekly schedule. It can also mean to do similar things such as reading a book at the end of the day or changing the calendar every morning. It also has to do with their specials or when students have to leave the classroom for extra help.

# data[].attributes.body
Manipulatives provide students with something concrete to look at and relate their thinking to. Some students may not be able to think abstractly yet so manipulatives can help them figure things out. Teachers should model how to use the manipulatives before having students do it so that they fully understand it. Manipulatives do not always have to be concrete objects, they could be things like Venn Diagrams or props to tell a story. Overall manipulatives give students the opportunity to relate their thinking to real life or what is right in front of them.

# data[].attributes.body
Cooperative Learning is when students are broken up into groups so that they can help each other learn. This can be helpful because they are learning from someone other than the teacher and students can break it down into different terms that someone struggling may understand better. It can also be a tool for students to contribute each of their own knowledge to come up with a bigger picture. It can also help develop students' discussion skills and strengthen their reasoning for what they believe.

# data[].attributes.body
Kindel Turner Nash, Crystal Polite Glover, Bilal Polson (2020). Toward Culturally Sustaining Teaching Early Childhood Educators Honor Children with Practices for Equity and Change. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351108317

Herrell, A. L. & Jordan, M. (2019). 50 Strategies for teaching English Language Learners. Indianapolis, IN: Pearson.