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Readers, Writers, Texts
1. Why and how do we study literature? Why do we study TTTC?

We study literature to discover new perspectives of the functioning of society, its values and morals, and how it may affect us both temporarily and collectively. We may study literature through individually analyzing passages, discussing our interpretations with our peers, or evaluating the purpose of novels such as TTTC. We can then apply these new understandings to current issues and our own values, possibly altering some of our perspectives on certain topics.
We study TTTC because it gives us insight to different aspects of society, including its expectations, roles, pressures, and morality. This allows us to make current connections where we may evaluate the extent of morality on subjects that may influence us both individually and collectively.

2. How are we affected by literary texts in various ways? How are we impacted by TTTC?
We are affected by literary texts because they are able to shape our perspectives about certain topics and provide insight to new understandings that we may not have noticed or thought about previously. In this way, they force us to reevaluate our morals and opinions and give us a new outlook on how to approach situations or conflicts.
Therefore, we are influenced by TTTC because when analyzed well, it is able to provide us with many new perspectives about the function of society and how it is able to influence us in our daily lives. It provides us with warnings about how society may control us as well as advice about how to approach situations in order to avoid these restraints. Understanding these perspectives gives us a new outlook on how to approach conflicts within our personal lives as well as with large issues that influence large groups of people.

3. In what ways is meaning constructed, negotiated, expressed and interpreted in TTTC?
In TTTC, O'Brien reveals truths about society based on anecdotes of war stories throughout the book. Each vignette conveys a different theme, whether it be about the loss of identity, the influences of trauma, beauty in difficult environments, societal pressures, or the emotional effects of guilt. Each theme then provides insight to a different flaw of society and leads us to think about current connections of how these interpretations may apply to our own lives.

4. How does the structure of style of TTTC affect its meaning?
The style of TTTC greatly influences its meaning because each vignette represented a different flaw of society. Each vignette provided insight into societal perceptions and their harmfulness as well as morality. Through analyzing, we can pull out  advice or warnings about how these interpretations may apply to our own lives. Therefore, its style was able to build the theme of the story that we should have a good understanding of the intentions of society so that we can appropriately evaluate its morality based on our own values.

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Directions and Resources:

Ideas:

Texts:

Reflections:

Questions:

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1. Readers, Writers, Texts

1. Why and how do we study literature?

2. How are we affected by literary texts in various ways?

3. In what ways is meaning constructed, negotiated, expressed and interpreted?

4. How does language use vary among literary forms?

5. How does the structure or style of a literary text affect meaning?

6. How do literary texts offer insights and challenges?

2. Time and Space

1. How important is cultural or historical context to the production and reception of a literary text?

2. How do we approach literary texts from different times and cultures to our own?

3. To what extent do literary texts offer insight into another culture?

4. How does the meaning and impact of a literary text change over time?

5. How do literary texts reflect, represent or form a part of cultural practices?

6. How does language represent social distinctions and identities?

3. Intertextuality

1. How do literary texts adhere to and deviate from conventions associated with literary forms?

2. How do conventions and systems of reference evolve over time?

3. In what ways can diverse literary texts share points of similarity?

4. How valid is the notion of a “classic” literary text?

5. How can literary texts offer multiple perspectives of a single issue, topic or theme?

6. In what ways can comparison and interpretation be transformative?

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Attach some 40 line extracts you have analyzed and may want to use for your IO.

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1. Culture, Identity, and Community

1. family, class, race, ethnicity, nationality, religion, gender and sexuality, and the way these impact on individuals and societies. migration, colonialism and nationalism.

2. Beliefs, Values and Education

1.  beliefs and values nurtured in particular societies and the ways they shape individuals, communities and educational systems. They might also explore the tensions that arise when there are conflicts of beliefs and values, and ethics.

3. Politics, Power, and Justice

1.  explore aspects of rights and responsibilities, the workings and structures of governments and institutions. They might also investigate hierarchies of power, the distribution of wealth and resources, the limits of justice and the law, equality and inequality, human rights, and peace and conflict

4. Art, Creativity, and the Imagination

1.  explore aspects of aesthetic inspiration, creation, craft, and beauty. They might also focus on the shaping and challenging of perceptions through art, and the function, value and effects of art in society.

5. Science, technology and the environment

1.  explore the relationship between humans and the environment and the implications of technology and media for society. They might also consider the idea of scientific development and progress.

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Brainstorm some global issues developed from TTTC.
-We were able to analyze the conflict between individual morals and societal expectations, including the pressures and tension that may come as a result (Beliefs, Values, and Education).
-We also analyzed gender roles within society and how its long-term presence in history has created an obstacle in changing perceptions (Culture, Identity, Community).
-We analyzed how severe trauma is able to bring out new aspects of identity that may have been hidden previously in order to fit in with societal roles and expectations (Culture, Identity, Community).

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Reflection
How did you do during the Harkness discussions?
I believe I was able to build on my speaking skills dramatically in this unit as compared to my socratics during last year. Not only did I feel more comfortable with speaking about my interpretations with my group, but I was able to develop my claims much more effectively, supporting them with evidence and a well developed analysis. My thorough participation allowed me to be able to build on the interpretations of my peers and gain new perspectives that I had not noticed before. In the future, I can build my speaking skills further by being able to support my claims with more relevant and specific evidence and and more fully and coherently analyze it.

Notes
Ideas discussed I want to remember: (On The Rainy River)(How To Tell A True War Story)(Sweetheart of Song Tra Bong)

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How does TTTC connect to other works we've read?

How does TTTC connect to our world today?

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Summer Assignment (Link Here)
Reflection: I think I did well with the sophistication of my language and with being able to connect it well with my outside source. I could have developed my analysis further, made my topics more focused and assertive, and made it more concise and coherent overall.

Global Issue Harkness Prep Form (Link Here)

"On the Rainy River" Discussion Board Post (Link Here)

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Why do humans read and write stories? Why do you read and write stories?  Write about a paragraph.
Humans write stories to be able to express perspectives about society, morality, trauma, and more. Writing gives us a blank canvas to demonstrate our own ideas and values, whether it is directly stated or symbolized throughout a complex story. We read stories to be able to gain new perspectives that we may not have understood previously. With these new understandings, we are able to evaluate the extent to which we agree with them, and then apply them to our own values. This process allows us to develop open minds and a more complex set of values, allowing us to make unbiased and reliable evaluations of morality on both personal and societal issues.

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Time and Space
Choose 3 out of these 6 questions to answer and reflect on how it relates to our reading and understanding of Hughes' work.

1. How important is cultural or historical context to the production and reception of a literary text?

The cultural and historical context is very significant to the production and meaning of a literary text because oftentimes the text makes connections with the external cultural and historical influences. Without understanding the background and purpose of a literary text, it is difficult to analyze its specific meaning. For example, if we had not first understood the fight for black rights throughout American history, it would have been difficult to understand the context of many of the Langston Hughes poems we read, especially when alluding to specific developments such as the abolition of slavery and the Civil Rights Movement.

1. How do we approach literary texts from different times and cultures to our own?

We approach literary texts from different times and cultures by first investigating and learning about the cultural and historical context. We have to keep an open mind while attempting to understand a literary text so that we can put ourselves into the shoes of the speaker. For example, the black history project that we did at the beginning of the unit proved to be very important when understanding the meaning of several of the Hughes poems we read because it gave us the context that the text was based off of.

1. To what extent do literary texts offer insight into another culture?

2. How does the meaning and impact of a literary text change over time?

The impact of a literary text may change over time because many texts are based off of the historical context of which they were made, so as time goes on they may become less relevant of less easily understood. For instance, some of the Langston Hughes poems referred to specific historical developments during the fight towards black rights and they encouraged a call to action that was specific to that time. However, although the impact of a text may change, the meaning of a text can alter over time to match the current historical and cultural context. In the Langston Hughes poems, many of the texts references a specific struggle among the larger fight for full equality. This means that many of the messages of the poems related to a universal and timeless message of the fight towards equality that could be altered to match the specific context of the current issues.

1. How do literary texts reflect, represent or form a part of cultural practices?

2. How does language represent social distinctions and identities?

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Attach your 40 line extract you used for you Mock IO as well as any other 40 line extracts you might want to use for your real IO in the future.
Passage Analysis
Passage Analysis

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What were some global issues you explored in Hughes' poetry?
Culture, Identity, and Community:
When fighting towards universal and timeless goals such as equality and freedom, it is important to unite under a common goal rather than to fight towards smaller-scale individual goals that will only produce temporary satisfaction and change.
Beliefs, Values, and Education:
Most all of society shares the same common values of freedom and equality, so if we are able to acknowledge our similarities we may avoid conflict and are able to unite to create a more equal and just society overall.
Politics, Power, and Justice:
Injustice still exists within our nation whether it is apparent to all or not. Many try to deny the presence of inequality so that no effort has to be made to change it, but in order to achieve full equality we must understand and acknowledge it so that we can unite to deconstruct it.

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Reflection
How did you do during the Harkness discussions? What feedback did you receive?
During the Harkness discussions, I felt that I was able to improve on being able to provide more fully developed analysis by relating relevant and specific evidence to the author's message, how it affects the audience, and an overall global issue. This helped me to score higher on some of my writing assignments as well as to give a more sophisticated Mock IO. I could still improve on the sophistication of my Harknesses as well as strengthening my analysis. Some of the feedback that I received was that I had included good insight but needed to strengthen my analysis. This could be done by explaining what effect my evidence had on the reader and how this contributed to the author's pupose.
Notes
Ideas discussed in Harkness I want to remember:
-Racial injustice still exists today. Oftentimes people try to deny its existence so they can avoid the fight for equality.
-Institutionalized racism and prejudice makes it difficult for many people to have the same opportunities and experiences as others, and it still exists in our world.
-We all share the same common values of freedom and equality, so it is possible and necessary to unite towards a common goal of deconstruct the horrible influences of inequality and prejudice permanently.
-It is difficult to understand the true definition of equality and freedom because it has never been fully achieved.

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What connections can you make between some of Hughes' poems?
Some connections that I have made between Hughes' poems were that they all shared a common message that society must unite in its motives and values in order to fully achieve change. Especially with timeless ideals such as equality, we cannot fully accomplish our goals when we fight divided. Instead, we must unite, maintain hope, and persevere to achieve an equal and just society,
How does Hughes' poems connect to other works we've read?
Hughes' poems connect to some of the other works that we have read because in The Things We Carried, the author emphasized the moral strains that society can place on an individual. This idea can also be seen in Hughes' poems because the speaker oftentimes talks about the barriers that society creates on issues of morality such as equality and freedom. People may do this by simply denying the existence of racism and prejudice, or more discretely by working towards individual goals rather than than a common goal of equality for all.
How does Hughes' poetry connect to our world today?
Hughes' poems may connect to our world today because currently, society tends to focus on how our beliefs and values differ rather than what values we share. Focusing on what values we share would be a more effective in achieving our common ideals of equality and freedom because we are able to unite under one common goal instead of fighting several individual battles. Also, many people attempt to deny the existence of inequality, which creates a barrier to the common effort and makes it difficult to achieve change.

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Hughes Writing Portfolio Week 1 (Link Here)

Hughes Writing Portfolio Week 2 (Link Here)

Hughes Pastiche (Link Here)

IO Outline Form (Link Here)

Hughes' Written Assignment (Link Here)

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What insights did the poetry of Langston Hughes offer about the African-American community in Harlem?
Some insights that the Langston Hughes poems offered about the African American community and Harlem were that it is difficult to gain a full definition of freedom because it has never fully been achieved. This makes it difficult to specifically understand what is being fought for. Hughes' poems also suggest that full equality will never be reached if we are not first able to acknowledge the existence of prejudice, and then unite in our efforts so that we may fully achieve change. If we lose hope and focus on individual goals rather than the bigger picture, equality and justice for all will never be achieved.
How does art reflect the community from which it comes?
Art can reflect the community from which it comes from because art often builds off a specific cultural or historical context that is important to its central meaning. When analyzing art, we search and unpack this context because without understanding the background of a text, we cannot fully understand its message. For example, many of the Langston Hughes poems built off of specific developments during the fight for black rights such as the Harlem Renaissance or the Civil Rights Movements, making it central to the meaning of the poem. Without understanding these historical events, it was difficult to analyze the author's purpose. We need to understand the culture and community of the speaker so that we can put ourselves into the speaker's shoes and feel what the speaker wants us to feel.

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Readers, Writers, and Texts

1. How does the structure or style of a literary text affect meaning? Consider how Morrison's stream-of-consciousness, shifting points of view, and use of analepsis and prolepsis impact the meaning of the novel.

The structure of a literary text is able to emphasize and point out new aspects of the theme or author's purpose that could not be understood upon surface level reading. For example, in Beloved, the author's utilization of Stream of Consciousness as well as prolepsis and anelypsis gives the audience insight to some of the character's perspectives and allows us to make connections between them. We are then able to analyze rhetorical devices deeper and can gain a better understanding of the author's theme.

Time and Space

1. How important is cultural or historical context to the production and reception of a literary text? Consider the story of Margaret Garner, the Fugitive Slave Act, and other historical and cultural phenomena and how that has impacted the creation and reception of Beloved.

The cultural and historical context is very important to the understanding of the text because without background knowledge, it is much harder to analyze beneath the surface of a text and begin to make connections and notice patterns. For example, without understanding some background knowledge of the Middle Passage, Fugitive Slave Act, Underground Railroad, and basic facts of slavery overall, it would be very difficult to understand the story-line let alone begin to interpret themes and rhetorical devices/comparisons.

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Attach your two 40 lined extracts you used for your Mock IO as well as any other 40 line extracts you might want to use for your real IO in the future.
Passage Analysis
Passage Analysis

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What were some global issues you explored in Beloved? Consider memory, trauma, importance of community, etc. The more detailed you are, the more useful this will be for your IO.
Culture, Identity, and Community:
When coping with intense trauma, a lack of community or inability to speak of trauma can make it difficult to cope with trauma.
Beliefs, Values and Education:
Moral conflicts can arise when there is a shift of environment or when an individual's moral consciousness goes against that of societies.
Politics, Power, and Justice:
Slavery has had a lasting impact on the structure of society and society's inability to empathize with the people who endure these injustices can create tensions and conflicts.

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Google Slide for  Hexagonal Harkness here.

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How does Beloved connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.
Beloved may connect to some of the other works we've read earlier this year as it focuses on issues such as trauma, moral conflict, community, and injustice. When comparing Beloved to The Things They Carried, we can see that both authors explored the difficulties and long process that comes with coping with severe trauma, using imagery, anecdotes, and comparisons to portray this. They also both portrayed the moral conflicts that arise between individuals and society, again using anecdotes, imagery and metaphors to show it. When comparing Beloved to Langston Hughes' poems, it can be seen that both author's focus on the lasting injustices that came from slavery as well as the importance of community to unite towards a goal like freedom and well-being. They use metaphors, imagery, and other rhetorical devices to portray this.
How does Beloved connect to our world today?
Beloved connects to our world today because understanding its message of the lasting role that slavery and racial injustice plays in the life of many Americans to this day can help encourage our world to recognize this injustice and begin to fight for change. This fight for a more equal society has become more widely recognized recently, such as with the BLM movement which calls for reform to many of the institutions that have built off of institutions such as slavery. Also, understanding the importance of community may help our world through some of the difficult times that many are struggling with, especially during the pandemic.

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Denver or Paul D One-Pager (Link Here)
Reflection: This was the first characterization analysis that we did in the unit, and at first I struggled a little with connecting the character to a global issue. However, after I revised it and had a writing conference, I better understood how to use rhetorical devices to both connect the character and the global issue. I also was able to work on making more direct references to the text.

IO Outline Form (Link Here)
Reflection: While doing this IO prep, I was able to get a better idea of how the IO will be at the end of the year. I worked on consolidating my annotations and interpretations into bullet points that I could easily reference and build off of while giving my IO. I believe that I did a much more thorough job on this IO Outline than I did last unit.

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Linda Krumholz claims (in "The Ghosts of Slavery: Historical Recovery in Toni Morrison’s Beloved") that finding a voice for the thoughts and experiences of women is central to the "healing," historical recovery theme and structure of the book. According to Krumholz, Morrison’s novel "adapts techniques from modernist novels, such as the fragmentation of the plot and shifting narrative voice, to compel the reader to actively construct an interpretive framework" (109). How does the novel specifically address issues of gender, writing and power? How does the structure and style of the novel give voice to "the thoughts of the women of 124, unspeakable thoughts, unspoken" (Beloved 199)?
The novel is able to specifically address gender roles and the restraints that come with it, as well as overcoming these societal standards when introduced with difficult situations. For example, the author demonstrates the pressures that come with society's standards of masculinity. Paul D consistently struggles to find a sense of masculinity as the story-line progresses, especially after his understanding of Sethe's strong influence over the household and important role in upholding her family's life, which is what was seen as a man's role at the time. Paul D is at first apologetic for his inability to find masculinity, but later attempts to place the blame on Sethe and 124. This may hint at conflict that might result as a result of the pressures of societal standards. This may also apply to racial stereotyping in which white people tend to make decisions the role of people of color in society out of jealousy, anger, and fear of being overcome. The author utilizes the style and structure of the novel to demonstrate the different perspectives of each woman at 124, emphasizing the different way each woman is able to overcome the struggle for power within 124. Whereas Sethe proves her strength by tending to 124 and her children, Beloved exerts her power by controlling her mother, and Denver exerts hers by separating herself from 124 and focusing on individualism. This wide definition of strength within 124 gives hope to women and people of color by reminding them of the multiple ways people can prove their resilience to society.

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Time and Space

1. How does Chronicle offer insight into Columbian culture? Consider what we've learned about with machismo, marianismo, honor and the impact of colonialism.

Chronicle of A Death Foretold offers insight into Columbian culture because it portrays many of the communal and traditional standards for gender, morality, honor, and more. As readers we are able to make interpretations about their priorities as a culture, such as how honor to one's family may sometimes trump the immorality of an act. Also, we can see the harsh responses of Columbian society when these strict standards of honor are broken, often causing the person to be ostracized by the community and subject to much blame for the immorality of others. When societal expectations such as a woman's purity are broken in Columbian culture, morality is often disregarded in order to restore honor.

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8 extracts from the Group IOs here.

Two extracts used for Final IO here.

Other extracts I might want to use for real IO here.

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What were some global issues you explored in Chronicle? Consider honor, morality, perspective, fate, gender norms etc. The more detailed you are, the more useful this will be for your IO.
Community & Culture:
-Strict tradition can create harmful social expectations that can drive a person away from morality.
-In situations of immorality or dishonesty, people tend to displace their guilt on the breaking of cultural expectations or tradition.
Identity:
Restricting gender standards can make identity expression limited.
Values:
-When one becomes dependent upon the love and acceptance of another, they are giving that person/community power to control their life, well-being, identity and stability.
-Honor and reputation is so valued that it can cause detrimental effects on other values such as morality and honesty.
Power:
Social hierarchies allow for a distortion of morality as people tend ignore immorality within institutions that they previously trusted, such as within religion.

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Four Corners Discussion
Chapter 1 & 2 Harkness Notes
Bystander Effect Journal
Chapter 3 Harkness Notes

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How does Chronicle connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.
Chronicle of A Death Foretold can connect to both The Things They Carried and Beloved when exploring the harmful effects of strict social standards and the effect it has on morality. In this way, we can explore both gender roles and racial stereotyping and the detrimental effects on one's perception of self-worth. We can also compare Chronicles to Beloved when talking about post-modernism or the cyclical style of writing. We may also compare this text to Langston Hughes when looking at the displacement of guilt that often takes place within hierarchies or among situations of injustice. We can compare Chronicles to The Things They Carried by exploring the extent of morality when defending honor and its effects on others.

How does Chronicle connect to our world today?
Chronicles connects to our world very well today because we can see the struggle of receiving justice amidst intense social hierarchies and strict social expectations. We can look at the long lasting effects that gender roles and stereotyping has had on our world today as we see that they are still very prominent today. Also, we can still see that people tend to attribute instances of immorality to tradition and culture (ex. religion). In addition, we can see the ostracization of people who fight against or defy strict social standards and the long lasting effects of this lack of community on a person's identity.

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Group IO PPT (Link Here)

Best Quick Write (Link Here)

Artistic One-Pager (Link Here)

Final/Revised IO (Link Here)

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Readers, Writers, Texts
How are we affected by Delbo's memoir and her imperative for us to "Try to look. Try to see"? How were you affected by Auschwitz and After?
We are affected by Delbo's memoir through the techniques that Delbo utilizes in each vignette as we are able to place ourselves in the shoes of the victims of Holocaust. We are able to personally feel the immense physical and emotional pain of the victims through Delbo's harsh and intensely descriptive rhetoric. This was a difficult read for me because it forces us to face many of the harsh realities of the past that oftentimes ignore. However, it allows us to gain the beneficial trait of empathy that allows us to finally mature as a society and grow from the past.

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Attach the extracts you annotated (Some are on Kami) during our Harkness discussions here.

Attach the two extracts you used for your Final IO here.

Attach any other extracts you might want to use for your real IO here.

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What were some global issues you explored in Auschwitz and After? Consider the Hexagonal Harkness we had and some of the global issues you came up with during that discussion.
Power: The effect of hierarchies on individual perception of self-worth.
Beliefs, Values, and Education: The effect of memory on facing and coping with the past.
Community: The unification of new communities in times of oppression or crisis.

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Attach any of your Harkness notes here.

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How does Auschwitz connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.
Auschwitz and After may relate to some of the other books we read when focusing on a major purpose of Delbo to face and mend the past, which we have seen in Langston Hughes poems as well as Beloved. Also, much of the cyclical style that Delbo utilizes in her vignettes compares with both Beloved and Chronicles of A Death Foretold, which helps the audience begin to interpret how facing trauma affects identity and how there seems to be an endless cycle of oppression throughout history against minorities. The harsh imagery that Delbo uses in many of her vignettes to help the audience place themselves in the prisoners shoes are the same tactics that O'Brien used to help his audience place themselves in the soldiers' shoes in The Things They Carried.

How does Auschwitz connect to our world today?
Auschwitz and After may connect to our world today when looking at how our society can finally face much of the trauma and oppression that was never fully disclosed in the past century. Learning how to face this past thoroughly will help our society grow and mature through facing our mistakes in order for them not to happen again. Noticing the endless cycle of oppression that Delbo repeatedly hints at may help us prevent it from manifesting itself again in the future.

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Upload your favorite Quick Record (Arrivals and Departures, Olere/Delbo, or Using Language)

Upload your Final Delbo IO

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Attach your dialectical journal here.

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Intertextuality
How valid is the notion of a "classic" literary text? What makes Persepolis "literary" even though it is a graphic novel?
The notion of a "classic" literary text is very limiting because it suggests that only the "classic" literary text may suggest truths and interpretations about society and world issues. However, non "classic" works such as Persepolis may also be considered "literary" because although they may not directly contribute interpretations and themes through words and rhetoric, they may utilize other aspects of their work to portray these truths. For example, in Persepolis, the author utilizes shadows, panel sizing, and parallelism between panels in order suggest continuities within society about the transition into adulthood, the lack of unity in times of crisis,  the process of establishing one's identity, and much more. In this way, non "classic" forms of literary works may be even more engaging and suggestive of universal truths because they require readers to exert their own input and interpretation of the author's unique strategies in order to understand what the author is trying to portray.

Time and Space
What insight did Persepolis give you into Iranian life during and after the revolution?
Some insight that was given to us about Iranian life before the revolution in Persepolis was that individuals had the free will to express themselves as they pleased, and with this came much more communal unity and general happiness and satisfaction with oneself. However, as we see over the course of the book, the revolution tore apart many bonds because as people began to lose their individuality through forced conformity, they began to lose their sense of identity, causing them to also lose their ability to maintain relationships with others. The destruction of relationships during this time broke much of the unity that the community once held before the revolution. However, it also created new communities and group bonds as people with common goals and backgrounds began to unite in order to protect themselves.

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Attach the panels you found most fascinating and that you discussed during our final Harkness here

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What were some global issues you explored in Persepolis? Consider the Harkness discussion and other ideas that came up during class discussion.
Culture and Community: The effects of culture on guidance and community during transition out of adolescence.
Power: Manipulation of power in hierarchies and how it affects the lives of the oppressed.
Technology: How the presence of media affects the innocence of youth and causes innocence to vary across cultures.

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Attach any of your Harkness notes here.

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How does Persepolis connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.
Persepolis may connect to other works we have read such as Beloved and Auschwitz and After when describing rigid power distributions and its implications on the oppressed. It may also relate to Beloved and Chronicles of A Death Foretold when focusing on the cyclical nature and style of the text, which can be seen through the continuous use of motifs and repetition throughout. In addition, when looking at the transition out of adolescence, a major theme of Persepolis, it may be compared to many of the books we read, specifically The Things They Carried and Beloved.

How does Persepolis connect to our world today?
Persepolis can connect to our world today because we can see how times of crisis affects the transition into adulthood and the forced maturity being placed on today's generation. This concept was explored thoroughly and was a main theme of Persepolis. Therefore understanding and interpreting the truths that Satrapi wants us to receive while reading the text will help us to navigate some current issues of our current generation when being able to overcome forced maturity during the crisis that has unexpectedly struck us during the past year.