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Ch. 11 *Compounds of Living Things* -Info-

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Ch. 11 *Compounds of Living Things* -Info-

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polymer/long chain of repeating units

proteins made of amino acids

escherichia coli has over 1,000 proteins

hemoglobin important protein in red blood cells

insulin helps control level of sugar in blood

nucleotides molecules made/carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus

water controls body temperature

water makes joints move easily

water transports nutrients/other substances around body

water helps dilute waste and remove it

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids needed by body

hemoglobin carries oxygen to body cells

nucleic acids made of sugar, phosphates, nucleotides

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Ch. 11 *Elements of Living Things* -Info-

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Ch. 11 *Elements of Living Things* -Info-

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elements combine to form particles/molecules

compound is group of atoms bonded together

carbon atoms together bond called carbon backbone

single bond/carbon atom shares one pair electrons

double bond/carbon atom shares two pairs electrons

triple bond/carbon atom shares three pairs electrons

carbon atoms form 4 bonds with other atoms

one pair of electrons shared in single bond

two pair of electrons shared in double bond

type of bonds carbon makes/single, double, triple

common elements/carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus

type of carbon backbone/long straight chain

long straight chain forms ring

carbon atom form branched chain backbone

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organic chemistry - scientific study of organic compounds

biochemistry - chemistry of living things

organic compound - covalently bonded compound contains carbon

carbohydrate - class of energy-giving nutrients

lipid - biochemical does not dissolve in water

nucleic acid - molecule made of amino acids

protein - needed to build body structures/processes in body