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1. Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy teamed up
2. Central Powers: Germany and Austria-Hungary because they were at the heart of Europe
3. League of Nations: an international association whose goal would be to keep peace among nations
4. Triple Entente: alliance between GB, France, and Russia
5. Treaty of Versailles: peace treaty signed by Germany and Allied powers after WWI

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- During World War I, Great Britain and France agreed to divide large portions of the Ottoman Empire in the Middle East between themselves.
- After the war, the “mandate system” gave Great Britain and France control over the lands that became Iraq, Transjordan, and Palestine (British controlled) and Syria and Lebanon (French controlled).
- The division of the Ottoman Empire through the mandate system planted the seeds for future conflicts in the Middle East.

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What was the League of Nations and why did it fail?

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What was the League of Nations and why did it fail?

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- International cooperative organization
-Established to prevent future wars
- United States not a member
- Failure of League because it did not have power to enforce its decisions

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- Bolshevik Revolution and civil war
- Vladimir Lenin’s New Economic Policy
- Joseph Stalin, Lenin’s successor

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Why did Russia erupt in revolution while fighting in WWI?

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Why did Russia erupt in revolution while fighting in WWI?

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- Defeat in war with Japan in 1905
- Landless peasantry
- Incompetence of Tsar Nicholas II
- Military defeats and high casualties in World War I

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What were the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?

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What were the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?

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- Forced Germany to accept responsibility for war and loss of territory and to pay reparations
- Limited the German military
- League of Nations

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What were the outcomes and global effects of WWI?

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What were the outcomes and global effects of WWI?

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- Colonies’ participation in the war, which increased demands for independence
- End of the Russian Imperial, Ottoman, German, and Austro-Hungarian empires
- Enormous cost of the war in lives, property, and social disruption

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- Woodrow Wilson
- Kaiser Wilhelm II

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- Assassination of Austria’s Archduke Ferdinand
- United States enters the war
- Russia leaves the war

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What were the factors that produced WWI?

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What were the factors that produced WWI?

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- Alliances that divided Europe into competing camps
- Nationalistic feelings
- Diplomatic failures
- Imperialism
- Competition over colonies
- Militarism