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After going through the applications given by all teammates we found the following application as the most feasible one:

Using the objectives of Intelligent transportation systems to improve the TRAFFIC INCIDENT MANAGEMENT as this can offer real time information about traffic conditions.

This improves the present conditions in all means of transportation like roadways , railways , airways and waterways.

This can reduce the effects of incident-related congestion by decreasing the time to detect incidents, the time for responding vehicles to arrive, and the time required for traffic to return to normal conditions.

If further work is done in improvement of traffic incident management,it would be a great help to all the people.

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New words and meanings:

1. Tripartite: shared by or involving three parties.

2. Accelerometer: an instrument for measuring the acceleration of a moving or vibrating body.

3. Carbon footprint: the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere as a result of the activities of a particular individual, organization, or community.

4.Heterogeneity: diversity, different from each other.

5. Crowdsource: obtain (information or input into a particular task or project) by enlisting the services of a number of people, either paid or unpaid, typically via the Internet.

6. Teledensity:  number of telephone connections for every hundred individuals living within an area.

7. Triangulation: Triangulation is a powerful technique that facilitates validation of data through cross verification from two or more sources.

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AIRWAYS:

The training for our nation’s air traffic controllers must keep pace with the latest technology and match the skills of a digital, connected workforce.

RAILWAYS:

Although, technology is reaching great heights, there are many things in which India is still lagging behind.

To improve upon this we can introduce MagLev trains in India. A MagLev is way faster than your usual bullet train. MagLevs can reach speeds up to 500 kilometres per hour. Due to its lack of wheels, MagLevs are quieter than normal trains, or sometimes even traffic.

ROADWAYS:

In our country, we can devise some ways to utilise the technology to improve the service of ambulances.

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SURVEY:

1. Do you think India needs improvement when it comes to ITS?

a. yes b. no

2. Do you think ITS will improve the present situation

regarding the traffic and the transport system?

a. yes b. no c. maybe

3.Who do you think can spread the awareness more widely?

a. government

b. public

4. In how many years will India be implementing ITS throughout the country?

a. 10 years

b. 20 years

c. more than 20 years

d. less than 10 years

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POST PROOF

1. My work is based on the article: http://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c05/e6-40-03-04.pdf

2. Applications from:

https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/nsdr12/nsdr12-final2.pdf

3. I knew the methods adopted in India through the following:

http://ebtc.eu/pdf/120913_SNA_Snapshot_Intelligent-transport-systems-in-India.pdf

4. ITS in European cities:

http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-08-789_en.htm

5. Youtube videos:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEJe-I4ZosU

6. Research article on ITS:

http://www.researchgate.net/publication/281106542_Future_role_of_costbenefit_analysis_in_intelligent_transport_system-research

7. Journal:

http://link.springer.com/journal/13177

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1. Do you think the technology is being put to its best use when it comes to ITS, or there's room for improvement?

a. yes b. no

c. can't say

2. Is ITS the sole system responsible for transportaton management? Or we as the users have a significant role to play as well?

a. yes b. no

3. Who do you think is doing a good job for ITS?

a. government

b. private corporations

c. none of them

4. Do you think there's a need for more awareness on ITS?

a. yes b. no

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How did I collect the information regarding ITS?

1. I have browsed through the internet and went through the journals and articles.

2. I have seen videos related to ITS on youtube.

3. I have been to the library to find out more about ITS.

4. I had a group discussion with my group members to get a more clear picture about ITS.

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Applications of ITS:

(1) Intersection control - At intersections, deciding the total signal cycle and the split of green times among different flows, is one of the most basic traffic management applications.

(2) Incident detection - Pinpointing locations of accidents or vehicle breakdown is important to handle the emergency situations.

(3) Vehicle classification- Knowing what kind of vehicles, and in what proportions, ply a certain road stretch, helps to choose appropriate road width and pavement materials.

(4) Monitoring - Pollution and road quality monitoring are necessary for taking corrective measures.

(5) Revenue collection - Toll taxes for infrastructure maintenance and fines for rule enforcement need to be collected. (6) Historical traffic data - Long term data helps to plan new infrastructure, calibrate traffic signal times, add public transport.

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I browsed through websites on the internet and read ample of articles on the same.

I watched many informative videos to further shape the idea I had acquired from my former research.

I discussed the topic and its various applications with my group members to get a lucid image of it .

I went through a journal in the library.

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APPLICATIONS OF VARIOUS TECHNOLOGIES INVOLVED IN ITS:

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APPLICATIONS OF VARIOUS TECHNOLOGIES INVOLVED IN ITS:

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What are the prominent growth drivers for the ITS market in India?

Increase in number of vehicles has added to existing traffic congestion, especially in urban areas. Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Bengaluru have 5% of India’s population, but 14% of the total registered vehicles which leads to traffic congestion, deterioration in air quality, and increase in noise levels in the metropolitan cities.

Under Government of India (GoI) support, many cities are implementing: Metro rail, BRT, monorail and other forms of public transport. Thus, opening up opportunities in passenger information systems, smart cards and integrated ticketing, and parking management. These technologies also have application in the long-distance rail industry.

Freight is a disorganised sector in India and has huge potential for development. Use of ITS for proper vehicle tracking, vehicle emissions and fuel costs, can help reduce carbon footprint and introduce several degrees of efficiency.

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1.ADVANCED PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM APTS                                        is a technology that increase the efficiency and safety of public transportation system. The goal of APTS is to provide more information to public to make effective decision and to increase travelers convenience and rider ship. asically this system helps to smoothen out public transportation related problems.                                                                                                   2.ADVANCED TRAVELER INFORMATION SYSTEM•                                                 ATIS is a new technology helps in providing accurate and timely information to travelers.• They deliver data directly to travelers empowering them to make better choices.• This system helps in optimizing the transportation planning process.                                                                       3. ADVANCED TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM                                                     • Monitor the flow of traffic making appropriate decision in a timely manner.• Employs inexpensive detectors, cameras and communication system to control the flow of traffic.• Optimize signal timings on major arterials.

4.AUTOMATED HIGHWAY SYSTEM                                                                          • AHS is a specially equipped highway lane, where the vehicles are automatically controlled by the system, not by the driver.• The system helps in keeping the vehicle in the same lane.• The AHS lanes and vehicles which operate on them are likely to have special sensors, computers and communication devices to permit automated control.                                         5.INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM                                                                        • They offer real time information about traffic conditions through variable message sign to warn accidents or other delays.• Variable message sign is a board which provide information to the motorist of the upcoming hazards.• Enables authorities to identify and respond to vehicle crashes or breakdowns with the most appropriate and timely emergency services, thereby minimizing recovery time.                                                             6.VARIABLE MESSAGE SIGNELECTRONIC TOLL COLLECTION SYSTEM                • ETC is a system by which drivers can pay tolls without having to stop at a toll booth.• The collection of fees is performed electronically by way of equipment installed in the vehicle and sensors at toll location.• ETC is based on vehicle roadside communication system.

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What are the benefits of ITS?

The ITS Program is reducing congestion to provide safer, more reliable roadway travel conditions. By using advanced, cost-efficient technologies to manage traffic, the ITS Program is maximizing the efficiency and overall capacity of our existing roadway systems. It helps in relieving traffic congestion and reducing the need to build or widen additional roadways. The ITS Program also provides our transportation system with several interrelated services  that serve a different function, and together are improving the overall mobility of our roadways. These services include,Traffic Management, Incident Management and Traveler Information.

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What is ITS?

ITS stands for Intelligent Transportation Systems. The ITS Program is a transportation initiative that uses advanced electronic technologies to manage our transportation infrastructure more efficiently to provide motorists with safer, more reliable roadways. ITS is currently comprised of Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) Cameras, Dynamic Message Signs, and Roadway Detectors. These technologies allow traffic managers at the regional Transportation Management Center to operate and manage several interrelated services that are helping improve our existing transportation system, such as the Road Ranger Service Patrol Program, the 511 Traveler Information System and 95 Express.

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Intelligent Transport Systems and Services

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Real-Time Performance of Arterial Traffic Signal Systems

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Intelligent Transportation Systems: Your Road to the Future

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This video explores careers in intelligent transportation systems (ITS).

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New words and their meanings:

1. surmount: overcome( a diffculty or an obstacle)

2. disseminate: spread something( especially infomation) widely.

3. sporadic: occuring at regular intervals or only at few at few places.

4. ameliorate: make something(bad or unsatisfactory) better.

5. mitigate: make ( something bad) less severe, painful, or serious.

6. optimize: make the best or most effective use of

7. accrue: (of a benefit or sum of money) be received by someone in regular or increasing amounts over time.

8. leverage: In finance, leverage (sometimes referred to as gearing in the United Kingdom and Australia) is any technique to multiply gains and losses.[

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High level ITS logical architecture

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New words and their meanings:

1.chaotic-in a state of complete confusion and disorder.

2.levy-impose (a tax, fee, or fine).

3.curb-a check or restraint on something.

4.heterogeneity-a word that signifies diversity.

5.acoustic-relating to sound or the sense of hearing.

6.penalize-subject to a penalty or punishment.

7.rudimentary-involving or limited to basic principles.

8.disseminate-spread (something, especially information) widely.

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How did I collect the information regarding ITS??

1.I have searched for journals and articles on ITS in library and internet.

2.I went through wikipedia to get a clear idea about ITS.

3.I have searched for videos in youtube.

4.I also read some magazines in which the information regarding ITS is published.

By doing all this i understood the need and importance of ITS and i was able to summarize it.

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ARTICLE'S PDF(link to this article is in the postproof)

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APPLICATIONS OF ITS:

1.ARTERIAL MANAGEMENT:Arterial management systems manage traffic along arterial roadways, employing traffic detectors, traffic signals, and various means of communicating information to travelers.

2.ROAD WEATHER MANAGEMENT:  Road weather management activities include road weather information systems (RWIS), winter maintenance technologies, and coordination of operations within and between state DOTs.

3.ROADWAY OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE:  ITS applications in operations and maintenance focus on integrated management of maintenance fleets, specialized service vehicles, hazardous road conditions remediation, and work zone mobility and safety.

4.TRAFFIC INCIDENT MANAGEMENT: Traffic incident management systems can reduce the effects of incident-related congestion by decreasing the time to detect incidents, the time for responding vehicles to arrive, and the time required for traffic to return to normal conditions.

5.EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT: ITS applications in emergency management include hazardous materials management, the deployment of emergency medical services, and large and small-scale emergency response and evacuation operations.

6.DRIVER ASSISTANCE:  Numerous intelligent vehicle technologies exist to assist the driver in operating the vehicle safely. Systems are available to aid with navigation, while others, such as vision enhancement and speed control systems, are intended to facilitate safe driving during adverse conditions.

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Susmitha                                                                          SURVEY/QUESIONNAIRE

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Susmitha                                                                          SURVEY/QUESIONNAIRE

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1.Are changes to present transportation system necessary??

a.yes,required b.no, not required

2.Do you think it is necessary for all the people to focus on this aspect??

a.yes , it makes life easier

b.no , there are no problems with present transportation system.

3.Should the government play an efficient role in improving the present conditions regarding the transportation system??

4.Can you think of the applications of this system after going through these articles??

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https://coeut.iitm.ac.in/ITS_synthesis.pdf

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I went through a lot of articles, browsed some websites which helped me to get a clear picture of ITS and how the system works.

1. My work is based on this article:

http://www.universelle-automation.de/1984_Columbus.pdf

2. The website

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ helped me understand the complexity of ITS and numerous technical aspects of ITS technologies .

3.The following article provides an insight to the multiple problems hindering the growth of ITS and at the same time methods to combat them effectively. It helped me discover the present scenario.

https://coeut.iitm.ac.in/ITS_synthesis.pdf These are some few other sources I'd like to mention:

4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligent_transportation_system

5. http://www.itsindia.org/

6.bhttp://www.etsi.org/technologies-clusters/technologies/intelligent-transport

7. And then there is You Tube!

There is no match to it when you want to learn about ITS.

The following videos framed the basic structure of ITS for me.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUyourDcWzw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQpU39CyLa0

8. I also came across this detailed report on ITS in Mysore:

http://www.ksrtc.in/site/sites/all/themes/ksrtc/pdf/DPR-ITS.pdf

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Susmitha                                                              POSTPROOF:                                           

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Susmitha                                                              POSTPROOF:                                           

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1.My work is based on the article

https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/nsdr12/nsdr12-final2.pdf

2.I got to know what is Intelligent Transportation System through

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligent_transportation_system

I came to know about the basic ideas of ITS through this.

3.I knew about the methods adopted in India regarding ITS through

http://www.dimts.in/Services_Transportation_Intelligent_Transport_System.aspx

4.I became familiar to ITS in Japan by going through

https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/96fall/p96au41.cfm

5.I have gone through the videos regarding ITS to get a clear view about it.Some of them are:

a.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQpU39CyLa0

b.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEJe-I4ZosU

6. I knew about the international conferences on ITS by going through

http://www.itsc2015.org/

7.I have gone through "Perspectives on ITS" which is a collection of the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) including the writings of Professor Joseph M. Sussman from MIT

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What is the scenario in India?(Shipra Dogra)

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What is the scenario in India?(Shipra Dogra)

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India, the second most populous country in the world, and a fast growing economy, is seeing terrible road congestion problems in its cities.As for Indian commuters, the traffic applications currently available are limited to basic principles. There is a lot of scope for improvement and a need to figure how the best can be made out of the technology available.

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What do you think how well all the ideas are being implemented? can it get better ?

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Can you imagine your life without transportation ???(Shipra Dogra)

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Can you imagine your life without transportation ???(Shipra Dogra)

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No, right. Nobody can.But what is worse than having all modes of transportation and no safety and nothing to manage it?Do you know..An airplane lands every second. Air traffic will double in the next 20 years. But today's air traffic control systems were not designed to track, manage and connect all that data.
This video shows where are are we going wrong and which turn will lead us to a safer and smarter transportation system, thus making our life easier and our cities smarter.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUyourDcWzw

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How ahead have we come when it comes to transportation???(Shipra Dogra)

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How ahead have we come when it comes to transportation???(Shipra Dogra)

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Take a look at this link and you'll get your answer.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQpU39CyLa0

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Susmitha                                                                         How are these systems used?

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Susmitha                                                                         How are these systems used?

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By introducing :

Managed motorways—technology is used to smooth traffic flows by coordinating ramp signals and introducing lane-use management systems such as variable speed limits and variable message signs.

Driver information—current GPS systems can provide information to drivers on traffic and road conditions as well as their primary purpose of giving directions.

Telematics—this is an ITS technology that allows monitoring of an individual vehicle's movements and can record the speed, location and mass of a vehicle.

Rail management—by using ITS technology, controllers will be able to run more efficient schedules due to better information on the location, speed and length of trains using the network.

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Susmitha                                                                                   What are the advancements in transportation system by using Intelligent Transportation System?      

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Susmitha                                                                                   What are the advancements in transportation system by using Intelligent Transportation System?      

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Wireless communications:

Traffic monitoring gantry with wireless communication dish antenna. Various forms of wireless communications technologies have been proposed for intelligent transportation systems.
Radio modem communication on UHF and VHF frequencies are widely used for short and long range communication within ITS.

Computational technologies:

Recent advances in vehicle electronics have led to a move towards fewer, more capable computer processors on a vehicle.The new embedded system platforms allow for more sophisticated software applications to be implemented, including model-based process control, artificial intelligence, and ubiquitious computing. Perhaps the most important of these for Intelligent Transportation Systems is artificial intelligence.

Triangulation method,Vehicle re-identification,GPS based methods,Sensing technologies, Video vehicle detection, Bluetooth detection are several others improvements made through ITS.

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What actually is intelltransportation?

Here is the answer.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEJe-I4ZosU

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This position of paper presents a comprehensive study of all available ITS systems,including both research prototypes and deployed systems. This next poses a set of interesting open research problems in the context of Indian ITS. Finally, this lists a set of public and private organizations, that play a role in Indian traffic management and research, as meaningful collaboration between field practitioners and researchers is needed for efficient transfer of relevant technology. Though this paper focuses on the Indian traffic scenario many of the problems and solutions outlined in this paper, are relevant for other developing countries as well.In this paper, a small effort is made to put together the different ideas of people relevant in Indian ITS, so that it gives an overview of the problem , the available solutions and outlines a set of open questions to answer.

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ITS is a set of technologies applied to transportation infrastructure and vehicles to improve their performances.More specifically, ITS consists of the application of the established communications, control, electronics and computer hardware and software technologies to transportation systems.ITS is expected to improve mobility, reduce transportation generated environmental impacts and energy consumption, enable improved safety, enhance quality of life including improved economic viability of communities, and increase the productivity of existing infrastructure.The productivity of existing surface transportation systems could be improved considerably if traffic flow could be smoothed over existing conditions.

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http://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c05/e6-40-03-04.pdf

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This paper examines the concept of intelligent transportation system as a method for improving the productivity of the existing transportation systems and the vehicles that use them. ITS bring significant improvement in transportation system performance, including reduced congestion and increased safety and traveler convenience. The main purpose of this paper is to study the achievements attained in the last year and to give an overview about possible directions towards future research. the purpose of ITS is to take advantage of appropriate technologies to create "more intelligent'' roads, vehicles and users. Six ITS major categories are introduced and several examples of developed systems are briefly presented in this paper.

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http://www.universelle-automation.de/1984_Columbus.pdf

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http://www.itif.org/files/2010-1-27-ITS_Leadership.pdf

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Susmitha                                                                                   What are intelligent transportation systems?

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Susmitha                                                                                   What are intelligent transportation systems?

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Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are advanced applications which, without embodying intelligence as such, aim to provide innovative services relating to different modes of transport and traffic management and enable various users to be better informed and make safer, more coordinated, and 'smarter' use of transport networks.

Although ITS may refer to all modes of transport, EU Directive 2010/40/EU (7 July 2010) defines ITS as systems in which information and communication technologies are applied in the field of road transport, including infrastructure, vehicles and users, and in traffic management and mobility management, as well as for interfaces with other modes of transport.