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Braveheart: William Wallace Freedom Speech [Full HD]

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William Wallace (Film Braveheart)

Wallace: Sons of Scotland, I am William Wallace.

Young soldier: William Wallace is 7 feet tall.

Wallace: Yes, I’ve heard. Kills men by the hundreds, and if he were here he’d consume the English with fireballs from his eyes and bolts of lightning from his arse. I AM William Wallace. And I see a whole army of my countrymen here in defiance of tyranny. You have come to fight as free men, and free men you are. What would you do without freedom? Will you fight?

Veteran soldier: Fight? Against that? No, we will run; and we will live.

Wallace: Aye, fight and you may die. Run and you’ll live — at least a while. And dying in your beds many years from now, would you be willing to trade all the days from this day to that for one chance, just one chance to come back here and tell our enemies that they may take our lives, but they’ll never take our freedom!!!

Wallace and Soldiers: Alba gu bra! (Scotland forever!)

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Not just the identity of the man in the car park with the twisted spine, but the appalling last moments and humiliating treatment of the naked body of Richard III in the hours after his death have been revealed at an extraordinary press conference at Leicester University.

There were cheers when Richard Buckley, lead archaeologist on the hunt for the king's body, finally announced that the university team was convinced "beyond reasonable doubt" that it had found the last Plantagenet king, bent by scoliosis of the spine, and twisted further to fit into a hastily dug hole in Grey Friars church, which was slightly too small to hold his body.

But by then it was clear the evidence was overwhelming, as the scientists who carried out the DNA tests, those who created the computer-imaging technology to peer on to and into the bones in raking detail, the genealogists who found a distant descendant with matching DNA, and the academics who scoured contemporary texts for accounts of the king's death and burial, outlined their findings.

"What a morning. What a story," said Philippa Langley, of the Richard III Society. She had been driving on the project for years, in the face of incredulity from many people, and finding funds from Ricardians all over the world when it looked as if the money would run out before the excavation had even begun.

Work has started on designing a new tomb in the cathedral, only 100 yards from the excavation site, and Canon David Monteith said a solemn multifaith ceremony would be held to lay him into his new grave there, probably next year. Leicester's museums service is working on plans for a new visitor centre in an old school building overlooking the site.

Richard died at Bosworth on 22 August 1485, the last English king to fall in battle, and the researchers revealed how for the first time. There was an audible intake of breath as a slide came up showing the base of his skull sliced off by one terrible blow, believed to be from a halberd, a fearsome medieval battle weapon with a razor-sharp iron axe blade weighing about two kilos, mounted on a wooden pole, which was swung at Richard at very close range. The blade probably penetrated several centimetres into his brain and, said the human bones expert Jo Appleby, he would have been unconscious at once and dead almost as soon.

The injury appears to confirm contemporary accounts that he died in close combat in the thick of the battle and unhorsed - as in the great despairing cry Shakespeare gives him: "A horse! A horse! My kingdom for a horse!"

Another sword slash, which also went through the bone and into the brain, would also have proved fatal. But many of the other injuries were after death, suggesting a gruesome ritual on the battlefield and as the king's body was brought back to Leicester, as he was stripped, mocked and mutilated - which would have revealed for the first time to any but his closest intimates the twisted back, a condition from an unknown cause, which began to contort his body from the age of about 10. By the time he died he would have stood inches shorter than his true height of 5' 8", tall for a medieval man. The bones were those of an unusually slight, delicately built man - Appleby described him as having an "almost feminine" build - which also matches contemporary descriptions.

One terrible injury, a stab through the right buttock and into his pelvis, was certainly after death, and could not have happened when his lower body was protected by armour. It suggests the story that his naked corpse was brought back slung over the pommel of a horse, mocked and abused all the way, was true. Bob Savage, a medieval arms expert from the Royal Armouries who helped identify the wounds, said it was probably not a war weapon, but the sort of sharp knife or dagger any workman might have carried.

Michael Ibsen, the Canadian-born furniture maker proved as the descendant of Richard's sister, heard the confirmation on Sunday and listened to the unfolding evidence in shocked silence. "My head is no clearer now than when I first heard the news," he said. "Many, many hundreds of people died on that field that day. He was a king, but just one of the dead. He lived in very violent times, and these deaths would not have been pretty or quick."

It was Mathew Morris who first uncovered the body, in the first hour of the first day of the excavation. He did not believe he had found the king. The mechanical digger was still chewing the tarmac off the council car park, identified by years of research by local historians and the Richard III Society as the probable site of the lost church of Grey Friars, whose priests bravely claimed the body of the king and buried him in a hastily dug grave, probably still naked, but in a position of honour near the high altar of their church. The leg bones just showing through the soil were covered up again.

Ten days later, on 5 September, when further excavation proved Morris had hit the crucial spot at the edge of the choir in the church, he returned with Lin Foxhall, head of the archaeology department, and Appleby, swathed in crime scene overalls to prevent contamination, to excavate the body. "We did it the usual way, lifting the arms, legs and skull first, and proceeding gradually towards the torso - so it was only when we finally saw the twisted spine that I thought: 'My word, I think we've got him.'"

Turi King, leader of the DNA team, said she completed her work confirming the mitochondrial DNA match only on Saturday night, and there is more work to be done on the Y chromosome through the male line.

As far as Langley is concerned, Richard was the true king, the last king of the north, a worthy and brave leader who became a victim of some of the most brilliant propaganda in history, in the hands of the Tudors' image-maker, Shakespeare.

Foxhall quoted one contemporary description of Richard as "slight in body and weak in strength ... to his last breath he held himself nobly in a defending manner".

There remains the dark shadow of the little princes in the tower, an infamous story even in Richard's day: the child Edward V and his brother Richard, declared illegitimate when Richard III claimed the throne, imprisoned in the Tower of London and never seen alive again. King said that although it is by no means certain that the bones claimed found at the tower centuries later were theirs, there may be more DNA detective work to be done there.

"I'm a medievalist really," Morris said. "I don't go much for the Tudors. Even if Richard did kill the princes in the tower, you have to judge him by the standards of his day - no other medieval king would have taken the risk of leaving them alive."

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Richard III: DNA confirms twisted bones belong to king

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Not just the identity of the man in the car park with the twisted spine, but the appalling last moments and humiliating treatment of the naked body of Richard III in the hours after his death have been revealed at an extraordinary press conference at Leicester University.

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video

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Nexo Digital. The Next Cinema Experience

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Nexo Digital presenta

RICCARDO III
di William Shakespeare

Solo il 6 e 7 febbraio 2017
dall'Almeida Theatre di Londra
al cinema!

Il candidato all'oscar Ralph Fiennes e il premio oscar Vanessa Redgrave portano al cinema la leggenda nera di Shakespeare.

Dopo il successo di critica e di pubblico della stagione teatrale della Kenneth Branagh Theatre Company, arriva nei cinema italiani Riccardo III dell' Almeida Theatre di Londra.
La produzione del Direttore Artistico Rupert Goold, che arriverà nelle sale il 6 e 7 febbraio vede protagonisti Ralph Fiennes, il pluripremiato attore britannico nonché interprete shakespeariano d'eccellenza, nel malvagio più famoso del Bardo e Vanessa Redgrave nei panni della regina Margherita. Lo spettacolo è stato ripreso utilizzando numerose videocamere intorno al palcoscenico e all'intera platea, con John Wyver come produttore.

si colloca tra le opere giovanili di Shakespeare e, secondo gli studiosi, venne composta presumibilmente nei primi anni Novanta del '500. È proprio colui che, dopo aver perso la battaglia di Bosworth nel 1485, pronuncia una delle frasi più celebri di tutta la produzione del drammaturgo di Stratford-upon-Avon, "Un cavallo, un cavallo! Il mio regno per un cavallo!".

Per ottenere la corona, Riccardo (fratello di re Edoardo IV) è disposto a tutto. Descritto come uomo crudele, deforme, dotato di una mente perversa e di una sete di potere sfrenata, alla morte del re il tremendo personaggio di Shakespeare assume il ruolo di reggente, in attesa che il legittimo successore raggiunga la maggiore età. Ma per conservare il potere ai primi crimini se ne devono sommare altri. Finché proprio chi li ha compiuti non ne diventa la vittima... La tragedia, incentrata su questa potentissima figura di eroe negativo, è uno dei capolavori teatrali di tutti i tempi e ha dato vita alla " leggenda nera" che circonda la figura del sovrano inglese esasperando, molto probabilmente, la stessa realtà storica. Così nell'opera di Shakespeare Riccardo III diventa l'emblema stesso della malvagità, dell'egocentrismo e della brama di potere inducendo gli spettatori a confrontarsi con temi come l'immoralità, la violenza e la crudeltà.

Il cast di Riccardo III vedrà protagonisti David Annen, Joseph Arkley, Osman Baig, Benedict Barker, Tom Canton, Daniel Cerqueira, Simon Coates, Josh Collins, Susan Engel, Ralph Fiennes (RiccardoIII), James Garnon, Mark Hadfield, Scott Handy, Lev Levermore, Finbar Lynch, Aislίn McGuckin, Joseph Mydell, Lukas Parish, Vanessa Redgrave (Regina Margarita), Joshua Riley, Lukas Rolfe , Joanna Vanderham, Baxter Westby e Oliver Whitehouse.

L'attore e regista Ralph Fiennes (Schindler's List, Il Paziente inglese, Grand Budapest Hotel, A Bigger Splash, Skyfall, Spectre, Harry Potter, The Contsant Gardener) ritorna all'Almeida per la prima volta dopo 16 anni, dopo aver interpretato i ruoli di Ivanov, Amleto, Riccardo II e Coriolanus.

Il Premio Oscar Vanessa Redgrave è al suo debutto sul palcoscenico dell'Almeida Theatre. Tra le sue interpretazioni cinematografiche più celebri Coriolanus, Mrs Dalloway, Julia, La casa degli spiriti, Morgan matto da legare, Isadora, Maria Stuarda, regina di Scozia, I bostoniani e Casa Howard.

Le scenografie sono di Hildegard Bechtler, i costumi di Jon Morrell, i suoni e le musiche di Adam Cork, le luci di Jon Clark e la "fight direction" di Terry King. Il casting di Joyce Nettles.
Riccardo III è distribuito nei cinema italiani da Nexo Digital con i media partner Sky Arte HD e MYmovies.it e con il sostegno del British Council.

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Nexo Digital presenta Dopo il successo di critica e di pubblico della stagione teatrale della Kenneth Branagh Theatre Company, arriva nei cinema italiani Riccardo III dell' Almeida Theatre di Londra.

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The Canterbury Tales  | Prologue Summary & Analysis | Geoffrey Chaucer

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Middle English with translation

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The Canterbury Tales in Middle English with translation, lines 1 to 18

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The Bayeux Tapestry - Seven Ages of Britain - BBC

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1. At the beginning of the tapestry, who is the King buried in Westminster Abbey?
2. Who succeeded him?
3. Who informed William about the new king's coronation?
4. What did William order to do?
5. What did Normans carry on the ships?
6. What did Normans do when they arrived at Hastings?
7. Why does William lift his helmet off?
8. How did Harold die?
9. Why was the tapestry embroidered?
10. Where is it now?