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The Athens and Spartas were at extreme tension until war broke out over trade in 431 BC.

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Growth of Athens during the age of Pericles 

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Growth of Athens during the age of Pericles 

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The Athens were in many of the wars during the time, so they grew stronger over time.They had complete control over the Delian League.

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The Delian Leauge was formed by Athens using diplomacy. It is an alliance of city-states.

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The salamis strait was narrow so the Persians lost a huge amount of their naval forces. This ends the Persia Wars.

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The Battle of Thermopylae is most known for the Spartans courage. Instead of backing down, they fought until they were all killed.

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Darius conquered Thrace and Macedonia, and he set sights on Greece itself. The Battle of Marathon was when the Athenian's defeated the Persian's.

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Darius (Persian ruler) won over the Asia Minor easily. His goal was to one day completely rule all of Greece.

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- There were two kings; one for the army and one for families.
- A Council of Elders: 28 male citizens of Sparta over the age of 60. They were wealthy, made laws, and elected ephors (a person meant to made sure that the kings followed laws, and were elected differently every year.

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They both believe in Greek mythology, they both have three social classes, and they both have slaves.

Spartan's can't realease slaves while Athens can. Athenian society has more democracy than Sparta. Sparta had more of an army and the Athenians had more of a Navy since they were closer to water.

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There were three social classes:
- The equals: controlled city-state and divided the land equally between families.
- Half-citizens: paid taxes, served in army but had no political power.
- Helots: slaves (there were more helots than Spartans)
- Located on a valley instead of a hill
- Not surrounded by protective walls

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The Athenian government used to be a monarchy,but it ended and the city-state then had an aristocratic government. Athenian laws weren't written down until 621 B.C. by an archon named Draco which were harsh and severe. Nobles, and metics became wealthy from trade as farmers got more poor.
They are allowed to release their slaves (if they want to).

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There were three groups in this society.
1.Citizens
2.Metics
3.Slaves
Athenian-born men citizens, had full political rights, females had none.
Slaves were people captured in war.
They had a wall for protection, and they traded at the sea.