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The town of Skokie in Illinois tried to require Nazis to pay high costs to have a march/parade. The Nazis sued, and it was later taken to the Supreme Court where it was decided that the Nazis were exercising their first amendment right to symbolic speech.

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Any false, publicly spoken statement that harms the reputation of another person, group of people or organization.

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Slander-false spoken statements harming someone's reputation.
Libel-false written statement damaging someone's reputation.

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Addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War.

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No cruel and unusual punishment.

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Section of the Bill of Rights that guarantees a jury trial for civil cases in the federal courts.

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Urging people to overthrow the government.

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The Sixth Amendment, or Amendment VI of the United States Constitution is the section of the Bill of Rights that guarantees a citizen a speedy trial, a fair jury, an attorney if the accused person wants one, and the chance to confront the witnesses who is accusing the defendant of a crime

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Ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of citizenship.

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The United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights and protects individuals from being compelled to be witnesses against themselves in criminal cases. "I plead the 5th".

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Racial segregation, especially in public schools, that happens “by fact” rather than by legal requirement. Self segregation.

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No illegal searches and seizures.

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The right to bear arms.

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Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.

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Said it was unconstitutional for the government to provide money to private schools.

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(also referred to as prior censorship or pre-publication censorship) is censorship imposed, usually by a government, on expression that prohibits particular instances of expression.

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"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof..."
OR
Congress can;t establish a religion or take away people's rights to exercise their personal religion.

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Default standard of review that courts apply when considering constitutional questions, including due process or equal protection questions under the Fifth Amendment or Fourteenth Amendment. Courts applying rational basis review seek to determine whether a law is "rationally related" to a "legitimate" government interest.

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Supreme Court unanimously ruled that states are required under the Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution to provide counsel in criminal cases to represent defendants who are unable to afford to pay their own attorneys.

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Upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal".

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A court decision that said an African American whether enslaved or free, could not be an American citizen and therefore had no standing to sue in federal court, and that the federal government had no power to regulate slavery in the federal territories acquired after the creation of the United States

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Made abortion legal. The Court ruled 7–2 that a right to privacy under the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment extended to a woman's decision to have an abortion, but that this right must be balanced against the state's interests in regulating abortions: protecting women's health and protecting the potentiality of human life

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Act that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

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Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation.

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The policy of favoring members of a disadvantaged group who suffer or have suffered from discrimination within a culture.

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Southern state legislatures employed literacy tests as part of the voter registration process starting in the late 19th century. Literacy tests, along with poll taxes and extra-legal intimidation, were used to deny suffrage to African Americans.

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United States Supreme Court decided that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment, which protects against "unreasonable searches and seizures," may not be used in state law criminal prosecutions.

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No state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction "the equal protection of the laws".

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Detained criminal suspects, prior to police questioning, must be informed of their constitutional right to an attorney and against self-incrimination.

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The Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional.

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United States Supreme Court case that ruled it is unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer and encourage its recitation in public schools.

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Incorporation, in U.S. law, is the process by which American courts have applied portions of the U.S. Bill of Rights to the states

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Symbolic speech is a legal term in United States law used to describe constitutional actions that purposefully and discernibly convey a particular message or statement to those viewing it.

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It upheld affirmative action, allowing race to be one of several factors in college admission policy.

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Reasonable grounds (for making a search, pressing a charge, etc.).

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De jure segregation is separation enforced by law.

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A class of individuals that have been historically subject to discrimination.

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It is your expression of ideas about a political issue or official. This type of speech is generally protected under the First Amendment.

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procedural defense that prevents an accused person from being tried again on the same (or similar) charges and on the same facts, following a valid acquittal or conviction.

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States must respect all legal rights that are owed to a person.

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Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.

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A legal rule, based on constitutional law, saying that evidence collected or analyzed in violation of the defendant's constitutional rights is inadmissible for a criminal prosecution in a court of law.