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"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, expect as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their. "

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" All persons born or naturalized in the United States.... are citizens of the United States and of the State  wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any laws which shall abridge the privileges or immunizes of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws."

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"The right of citizens of the United to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any States on account of race, color or previous condition of servitude."

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Educational Videos for Students (Cartoons on Bullying, Leadership & More)

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What is the 14th Amendment? (U.S. Government) The 14th Amendment & Black History

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Slavery was abolished and blacks were no longer considered property and people could no longer give then a cruel punishment.

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Doesn't matter your race or the color of your skin you were considered a citizen if born in the United States.

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You were given the right to vote not mattering your race or color of your skin as longer you were a U.S. citizen.

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Jones V. Alfred H. Mayer wanted to purchase a house in a particular company in Missouri's St. Louis County but the real estate refused to sell him a home because of his race.
Did the defendant violate 42 U.S.C. Section 1982 which guarantees equal rights to all citizens making real estate transactions?
The court sided with Jones because in the 13th amendment it states that Congress is empowered to prohibit any kind of discrimination against blacks in the sale and rental of property.

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Plessy V. Ferguson, in the state of Louisiana there was a law that separated railway cars for blacks and whites. Homer Adolph Plessy took a seat in a "white only" car of a Louisiana train and refused to the move to the car that was for blacks and got arrested.
Is Louisiana's Law mandating racial segregation on its trains an unconstitutional infringement on both the privileges and immunities and the equal protection clauses of the 14th amendment?
The court stated that no that the state law is within constitutional boundaries.

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United States V. Reese, January 1873, Hiram Reese and Matthew Foushee ( two election inspectors) did not allow William Garner to vote in a municipal election in Lexington, Kentucky because Garner had failed to pay a tax of $1.50, but a tax collect refused to accept his taxes.
Was the Enforcement Act of 1870 a valid exercise of Congress's power to enforce the Fifteenth Amendment?
No the court concluded that this does not held to the Fifteen Amendment because it does not deny voting because of color or race.

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Bailey V. Alabama, Bailey was working in a farm for a year with a pay of $12 month. He quit after a month and did not return $15 in advanced. Bailey was considered a criminal in Alabama and was sentenced with 136 days of hard labor under the Alabama peonage law.
Did the Alabama law violet the 13th amendment?
The court stated that the law violated the 13th amendment because it was involuntary servitude meant more than slavery.

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Abraham Lincoln - 16th president, led the United States through its civil war.
James M. Ashley- was a newspaper editor, Ohio Congressman and the prime sponsor of the 13th amendment.

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Charles Summer- United States Senator for Massachusetts
Thaddeus Stevens- U.S. House of Representative from Pennsylvania's 9th district.

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African-Americans denied the protection from this amendment

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African-Americans denied the protection from this amendment

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They created Black Codes as a reminder that they weren't actually free. Segregation was given officially statues to the whites that they were superior than the blacks.

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Frederick Douglass- An African-American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman.
Thomas Mundy Peterson- the first African-American to vote under the protection of the 15th amendment.

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Thurgood Marshall - Was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States and he was the Court's 96th justice and its first African-American justice.
John Armor Bingham- American Republican Representative from Ohio

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Thomas Dartmouth Rice- creator of Jim Crow Laws
General Lee- leader of the Southern States during the Civil War

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Thomas Dartmouth Rice- creator of Jim Crow Laws
General Lee- leader of the Southern States during the Civil War

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African-Americans denied the protection from this amendment

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African-Americans denied the protection from this amendment

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They would create the Literacy test for voters also they passed the "Grandfather Clauses" which is that if your grandfather didn't vote in the last election than neither can you.

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African-Americans denied the protection from this amendment

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African-Americans denied the protection from this amendment

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They weren't treated like citizens they were still treated like if they were slaves.