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Suhaan - From the second Ted-Ed video, I have learned that coronaviruses are a group of viruses and scientists have discovered more than 100 types of coronaviruses, 7 of which can affect humans. These viruses got their name thanks to their proteins which are in the shape of crowns or corona in Latin. These viruses each have different symptoms. 4 of them are mild colds and coughs, while two have severe symptoms and effects on the lungs. The seventh one, SARS-CoV-2 or Covid-19, has features from both types. The virus spreads faster in enclosed spaces and one inside the host, the viruses hijack host cells allowing them to replicate. Covid-19 is an RNA virus, and this means that they can infect many hosts and they reproduce inside those hosts rapidly. RNA viruses usually don't have any proofreading mechanism which allows mistakes to be occurred during replication, which then creates mutations. Mutations can be harmful while others are useless. Once in human hosts, the virus still continues to mutate, but it doesn't mutate enough to create a whole new virus. Coronaviruses are among one of the biggest RNA viruses, which allows them to have a greater chance of having more mutations due to the greater number of genes. This is countered by an enzyme in coronaviruses that correct mistakes and creating a slower mutation rate than most other RNA viruses.

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Please watch the second video and write your comment as you did for the first video!

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Great job everyone!

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Noor - There are three steps on viruses: contact with a susceptible host, which it could take a few months or years for that. Once they find a host, it is a lot easier for them to find another host by mutating itself. Infection and replication, they replicate by entering/infecting cells as much as they can. Which later leads on to the last step which is transmission, once the virus starts transmitting it becomes dangerous and most probably lead to a epidemic.

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Ridwanul- Virus has three stages infection, replication, then transmission. The viruses are more likely to come from other humans then an animal because of the difference in genetic makeup but if the virus get lucky and mutates into a suitable virus it can infect humans; animals that are close to humans like chimpanzees will most likely need minimal mutation to infect a human.

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Suhaan - From the first Ted-Ed video about viruses, I have learned that to infect new hosts, it will take many months to years. As time goes on, it becomes more likely for the virus to infect a new host and it gets easier as they reproduce and mutate at greater rates.

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What are some of the keywords?

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What are the major key points in the video?

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How do viruses jump from animals to humans? - Ben Longdon