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The HazardHunterPH application is managed by the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) which has a map interface that allows users to quickly and simply generate danger assessment reports on the user’s specific location. This allows users to find out if their area is at risk for any volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, and other natural disasters. Flood maps in this app serve an important role in flood mitigation, land use planning, emergency management, and general public awareness. However, not everyone has a mobile phone and an internet connection to look for this kind of information. It is also not as widely promoted as this was the first time I am hearing about this technology but this could help public authorities and other stakeholders in flood mitigation. Other than this, a helpful technological advancement that I personally used to update myself during the typhoon in our province was Philsensors by DOST-ASTI. It is a website that allows users to view historical and near-real-time raw data taken from the Philippines' numerous weather stations which can help Cagayanos or any users to monitor the water level in the Cagayan River in the Buntun Bridge. Other than the fact that it is not yet widely promoted for the same reason stated earlier, this technology does not technically have a negative impact on the issue itself. Overall, aside from flood mitigation, supporting infrastructure projects that increase the capacity to store and move water, promoting flood insurance and other schemes to protect communities from damage, protecting natural areas that operate as flood buffers and filters, and improving the capacity of water resource managers and government entities to issue warnings and respond quickly would be a great way as well in achieving SDG 11.

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One great technological advancement specifically geared for our farmers is the University of the Philippines Los Baños’ (UPLB) program called “Smarter Approaches to Reinvigorate Agriculture as an Industry in the Philippines” or known as SARAI. Its primary goal is to serve as a decision support system that will aid our farmers in coming up with a science-based decision based on the application’s local weather and drought forecasts, farm management actions, such as fertilizer, soil, and water management, as well as proactive pest and disease monitoring. This would be beneficial as farmers' adoption of innovative technology and methods is a crucial driver for boosting agricultural production and earnings since farmers will be able to increase yields, better control inputs, embrace new crops and production techniques, enhance product quality, save natural resources, and adapt to climate change. However, it will also require time and effort from the farmers and other constituents to work together for a successful crop harvest since not all farmers are adept at these kinds of technologies and interpreting the results. Moreover, due to limited funding, the program is not yet widely implemented in the country.

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The province of Cagayan in Region II Cagayan Valley is located in the northeastern portion of Luzon which is surrounded by the Babuyan Islands on the north, the Philippine Sea on the east, Isabela and Kalinga province on the south, and the Cordilleras on the west. The province has a total land area of 9,295 square kilometers making it the second-largest province in Region II.

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The term "Cagayan" comes from the Ilocano word "Karayan," which means "river," and refers to the Rio Grande de Cagayan which was also known as "Rio Ibanag" by the early Spanish inhabitants. For the reason that the Cagayan river flows through Quirino to the north, dividing the valley in half.

Fun fact:
Did you know that the Cagayan River is hailed to be the longest river in the country? Which has an estimated total length of 505 kilometers.

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Fun fact:
Buntun Bridge in the Cagayan River is known to be the second-longest bridge in the Philippines, with San Juanico Bridge being the first. It has a total length of 1,369 meters which connects the second and third district municipalities of Cagayan and Apayao with the provincial capital of Cagayan, Tuguegarao City.

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Image: Cagayan Provincial Office for People Empowerment

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In the province of Cagayan, agriculture has always been the people’s main source of livelihood due to its vast land. And even though these farmers are the backbone of our economy, they are underpaid and suffer the most in poverty.  For the reason that their cost of production is higher than their total income which means that they are producing at a loss. This has always been an issue that is often neglected due to a lack of support and adequate funding from the government. This is why the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal #1 which focuses on ending poverty in all its forms everywhere should be taken an action by the province to address the problems that contribute to the province’s poverty incidence.

According to the 2018 report on poverty incidences by Philippine Statistics Authority, farmers, fisherfolks, individuals residing in rural areas, and children who belong to families with income below the official poverty thresholds hold the highest poverty incidences among all the basic sectors. To discuss it further in detail, based on the 2018 report by the Philippine Statistic Authority, Cagayan province’s poverty incidence is at an estimated 12.6 percent which means that 126 out of 1,000 families in the province do not have sufficient income to buy their basic needs (food and non-food) accounting to an estimate of 36,040 families. Overall, approximately 201,380 Cagayanos are considered to be poor.

Moreover, Cagayan farmers have an approximate minimum daily wage of 345 pesos a day. This is concerning considering that these people are the ones who sustain our food supply chains but are rewarded insufficiently.

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United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal #11 focuses on making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. Part of its target, specifically in 11.5, states that:

“By 2030, significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of people affected and substantially decrease the direct economic losses relative to global gross domestic product caused by disasters, including water-related disasters.”

With this in mind, I believe that Cagayan province needs to take a step in achieving this SDG since this province has always been prone to typhoons and flooding due to its geographical location, with it being the catch basin in the region. And recently, when typhoon Ulysses hit the country in November 2020, rainfall brought by the typhoon caused the water levels at the Magat Dam and the Cagayan River to reach its maximum capacity which resulted in the opening of the Dam's floodgates. This led in an overflow that contributed to the major flooding in the province which claimed the lives of thirteen Cagayanos and caused an estimated damage of 4 billion pesos in the whole region.

According to the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration in Tuguegarao, water at the Buntun bridge had retreated to a 6.74-meter level on Tuesday morning from a dangerously 13.3 meters level during the height of the huge floods. This is very alarming since this was the first time it reach that level which shows how serious this matter is as this could happen again in the future. Moreover, flooding not only affects people and their settlements but their livelihood as well, specifically the crops of our farmers, which affects SDG #1 as well.

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Cagayan Valley and Northern Philppine Islands. (2018). About Cagayan Province. Retrieved from http://www.region2fun.ph/cagayan-province/

Department of Labor and Employment. (2020, March 5). Region (II) Cagayan Valley Region: Daily Minimum Wage Rates. Retrieved from https://nwpc.dole.gov.ph/regionandwages/region-ii-cagayan-valley/

Department of Science and Technology (2016, July 17). Smarter Agriculture for PH. Retrieved from https://www.dost.gov.ph/knowledge-resources/news/45-2016-news/1022-smarter-agriculture-for-ph.html

Nepomuceno, P. (2020, November 14). 7 consecutive typhoons caused Cagayan flooding. Retrieved from https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1121856

PhilAtlas. (2020). Cagayan. Retrieved from https://www.philatlas.com/luzon/r02/cagayan.html

Philippine Statistics Authority. (2020, February 12). Cagayan Valley provinces increased in poverty threshold. Retrieved from http://rsso02.psa.gov.ph/article/cagayan-valley-provinces-increased-poverty-threshold

Philippine Statistics Authority. (2020, June 3). Farmers, Fisherfolks, Individuals Residing in Rural Areas and Children Posted the Highest Poverty Incidences Among the Basic Sectors in 2018. Retrieved from https://psa.gov.ph/poverty-press-releases/nid/162541

Philippine Statistics Authority. (2021, August 23).

Highlights of the Region II (Cagayan Valley) Population 2020 Census of Population and Housing (2020 CPH). Retrieved from https://psa.gov.ph/content/highlights-region-ii-cagayan-valley-population-2020-census-population-and-housing-2020-cph

Project SARAI. (2022). Smarter Approaches to Reinvigorate Agriculture as an Industry in the Philippines. Retrieved from https://sarai.ph/about-us

UN Environment Programme. (n.d.). GOAL 11: Sustainable cities and communities. Retrieved from https://www.unep.org/explore-topics/sustainable-development-goals/why-do-sustainable-development-goals-matter/goal-11

Visaya, V. (2020, November 17). Deaths from ‘Ulysses’ floods in Cagayan Valley reach 29. Retrieved from https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1122127

Water Action Hub. (n.d.). Water-Related Disaster Management (SDG 11.5). Retrieved from https://wateractionhub.org/sdgs/28/d/water-related-disaster-management-sdg-11-5/#tag_overview

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When all of those aged 14 and under are combined, they account for 30.43 percent (364,950) of the young dependent population. While the economically active population and existing or potential members of the workforce, mainly those aged 15 to 64, account for 63.95 percent of the population (766,995). Finally, individuals aged 65 and up, the elderly dependent population, account for 5.62 percent of the total population (67,375).

This indicates that for every 100 working-age residents in Cagayan, there are 48 youth dependents; for every 100 working-age citizens, there are 9 senior citizens; and for every 100 working-age citizens, there are 56 dependents, the young and old-age (PhitAtlas, 2022).

In relation to this, as of 2016, the province's annual revenue is ₱1,958,333,928.62 which has increased 8.98 percent from the previous year.