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Elifana Yiğit/ Akşehir Tarık Buğra Social Science High School

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Elifana Yiğit/ Akşehir Tarık Buğra Social Science High School

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•Turkey is a country surrounded by seas on three sides. •Turkey has an inland sea and two straits. •There are three different climate types in Turkey. •There are four seasons in Turkey. •Mountains in Turkey move along the northern parallel. •The elevation in Turkey increases from west to east. • The vegetation in Turkey is maquis, forest and steppe. •There are plains, plateaus, valleys and mountain ranges in Turkey. •There are lakes, rivers, underground water resources and surface fresh water resources in Turkey. Turkey is divided into 7 geographical regions and 21 parts. Mediterranean Region: Adana Section, Antalya Section Eastern Anatolia Region: Upper Euphrates Section, Erzurum-Kars Section, Upper Murat-Van Section, Hakkari Section Aegean Region:Aegean Section, Inner West Anatolian Section Southeastern Anatolia Region: Middle Euphrates Section, Tigris Section Central Anatolia Region: Konya Section, Yukarı Sakarya Section, Central Kızılırmak Section, Upper Kızılırmak Section Marmara Region:Star Department, Adolescent Section, Çatalca-Kocaeli Section, South Marmara Section Black Sea Region: Western Black Sea Section, Central Black Sea Section, Eastern Black Sea Section

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tar.sinem/Elifana Yiğit/ Akşehir Tarık Buğra Social Science High School

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tar.sinem/Elifana Yiğit/ Akşehir Tarık Buğra Social Science High School

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The territory of Turkey is divided into 7 geographical regions. Marmara Region 8.5%, Aegean Region 12%, Mediterranean Region 16%, Central Anatolia Region 18%, Black Sea Region 18%, Eastern Anatolia Region 21% and Southeastern Anatolia Region 7.5%. The area of ​​Thrace is 24,370 km². The length of Turkey's land borders is 2,875 km, and its coastline is 8,333 km including the islands.[1] The total area of ​​the landmass is 770,760 km² and the total area of ​​the water areas is 9,820 km².

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tar.eren/Elifana Yiğit/ Akşehir Tarık Buğra Social Science High School

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tar.eren/Elifana Yiğit/ Akşehir Tarık Buğra Social Science High School

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Turkey, or officially the Republic of Turkey, is a country with most of its lands in Anatolia and a small part in Thrace, the southeastern extension of the Balkan Peninsula. It is bordered by Bulgaria in the northwest, Greece in the west, Georgia in the northeast, Armenia, Iran and Azerbaijan in the east, Nakhchivan, and Iraq and Syria in the southeast. It is surrounded by the island of Cyprus and the Mediterranean in the south, the Aegean Sea in the west and the Black Sea in the north. The Sea of ​​Marmara, along with the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles, separates Anatolia from Thrace, that is, Asia from Europe. Turkey has an important geostrategic power as it is located at the crossroads of the European and Asian continents.

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In Portugal the most visited mountains are, Serra da Estrela, due to the snow activities that can be done, Serra do Gerês due to its wildlife and high quality tourism and the highest point of Portugal Pico, that is situated in one of the islands of Açores, with 2351 meters.

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Although Portugal has 15 rivers, there are 3 that are more popular: Rio Douro (Tourisitc Purposes) , Rio Tejo ( Largest international river of Portugal) and Rio Mondego (Largest National River).

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Portugal is composed by 18 districts, 2 metropolitan areas and 2 autonomous regions, divided in 7 regions by the "Nomenclatura of Territorial Units" for statistical purposes: North, Center, Metropolitan area of Lisbon, Alentejo, Algarve and the autonomous regions of Madeira and Açores.

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Portugal is also one of the biggest producers of sardines and tuna, that why there are many traditional plates with that type of fish.

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Portugal is the world’s greatest cork producer and one of the biggest whine and olive oil too.

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“Mina da Panasqueira” situated on Cabeço do Pião, it is the biggest mine in Portugal, it is known by the tungsten and copper extractions.

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Daniela Culò, Liceo Linguistico Ninni Cassarà , Italy 

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Daniela Culò, Liceo Linguistico Ninni Cassarà , Italy 

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Italy is one of the three great Mediterranean peninsulas, where it has got a central position. It has the shape of a boot and has numerous islands: the largest ones are Sardinia and Sicily.

Its geographical featuresinclude mountain ranges, whose  highest  are Mont Blanc, Monte Rosa and Monte Cervino and the Dolomites, the seaside  with beaches  and  cliffs, to plains and hills,  the Po Valley, the Tavoliere, the Campidano. The longest alpine rivers are the Po, Ticino and the Adda and the largest lakes are those of Garda, Lake Maggiore and Lake Como.

1. The weather is mostly Mediterranean.

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The geography of Croatia is defined by its location—it is described as a part of Central Europe and Southeast Europe, a part of the Balkans and Mitteleuropa. Croatia's territory covers 56,594 km2 (21,851 sq mi), making it the 127th largest country in the world. Croatia's territory covers 56,594 square kilometers (21,851 square miles), making it the 127th largest country in the world. The physical geography of Croatia is defined by its location—it is described as a part of Southeast Europe Croatia borders Bosnia–Herzegovina (for 1,009.1 km) and Serbia (for 317.6 km) in the east, Slovenia for 667.8 km in the west, Hungary for 355.5 km in the north and Montenegro for 22.6 km and the Adriatic Sea in the south. It lies mostly between latitudes 42° and 47° N and longitudes 13° and 20° E. Part of the extreme south of Croatia is separated from the rest of the mainland by a short coastline strip around Neum belonging to Bosnia–Herzegovina.

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Located in southeast Europe, Croatia is geographically diverse. The crescent-shaped country features low mountains and highlands near the Adriatic coastline, flat plains that hug the Hungarian border, and a multitude of islands. In mountainous regions, winters are cold and snowy and the summers are mild. Croatia has lakes and hills in the continental north and northeast, forested mountains in Lika and Gorski Kotar and a rocky coast on the Adriatic Sea. The surface of the coastal sea is 33,200 km2. The total economic area of ​​Croatia is 113,680 km². Also the length of land borders is 2028 km.
Croatia is divided into twenty-one counties.

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Croatia is a southeast crescent- shaped country that has borders with Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia, Montenegro, Hungary and shares sea with Italy. Croatia has (low) mountains  and highlands near the Adriatic sea. Country has many islands, some of them are very popular among turists, e.g. Cres, Krk and Korčula. The biggest mountain is Dinara and many rivers pass through Croatia, rivers like Danube or Sava. Croatia occupies precisely 56,595 km and has around 4 million inhabitants. The southern part of Croatia is called "Dalmatia" and northern is called "Zagorje". The eastern part is called "Slavonia" and it is, along the mountain part of Croatia, the least populated part of the country. The main capital of Croatia is Zagreb with 1 million inhabitants, other big cities are Osijek, Split and Rijeka. Country has around 1200 islands and a lot of national parks.

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Croatia, country located in the northwestern part of the Balkan Peninsula. It is a small yet highly geographically diverse crescent-shaped country. Its capital is Zagreb, located in the north.Croatia is composed of three major geographic regions. In the north and northeast, running the full length of the upper arm of the Croatian crescent, are the Pannonian and para-Pannonian plains. To the north of Zagreb, the Zagorje Hills, fragments of the Julian Alps now covered with vines and orchards, separate the Sava and Drava river valleys.To the west and south of the Pannonian region, linking it with the Adriatic coast, is the central mountain belt, itself part of the Dinaric Alps. The karst plateaus of this region, consisting mostly of limestone, are barren at the highest elevations; lower down, they are heavily forested. The highest mountain in Croatia, Dinara (6,007 feet [1,831 metres]), is located in the central mountain belt.

The third geographic region, the Croatian littoral, is composed of the Istrian Peninsula in the north and the Dalmatian coast extending south to the Gulf of Kotor. Wedged between the Dinaric Alps to the east and the Adriatic Sea to the west, its 1,100 miles (1,800 km) of coastline are fringed by more than 1,100 islands and islets.

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Croatia is composed of three major geographic regions. In the north and northeast, running the full length of the upper arm of the Croatian crescent, are the Pannonian and para-Pannonian plains. To the north of Zagreb, the Zagorje Hills, fragments of the Julian Alps now covered with vines and orchards, separate the Sava and Drava river valleys.To the west and south of the Pannonian region, linking it with the Adriatic coast, is the central mountain belt, itself part of the Dinaric Alps. The karst plateaus of this region, consisting mostly of limestone, are barren at the highest elevations; lower down, they are heavily forested. The highest mountain in Croatia, Dinara (6,007 feet [1,831 metres]), is located in the central mountain belt.The third geographic region, the Croatian littoral, is composed of the Istrian Peninsula in the north and the Dalmatian coast extending south to the Gulf of Kotor. Wedged between the Dinaric Alps to the east and the Adriatic Sea to the west, its 1,100 miles (1,800 km) of coastline are fringed by more than 1,100 islands and islets.The Pannonian and para-Pannonian plains are enriched with alluvial soil deposited by the Sava and Drava rivers. These plains are the most fertile agricultural regions of Croatia and form the country’s breadbasket. The soil of the central mountainous belt is rather poor but offers some cultivable land in the fields and meadows and some grazing land in the plateaus. The Croatian littoral is mostly mountainous and barren, with rocky soil and poor agricultural land.

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Buğra.emtal Ereğli Vocational and High School. ZONGULDAK TURKEY

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Buğra.emtal Ereğli Vocational and High School. ZONGULDAK TURKEY

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According to the 2020 results, the population of Turkey is 83,154,997 as of 31 December 2019. 50.2 percent (41,715.537) of this number consists of men and 49.8 percent (41,439,462) women.One of the most important characteristics of the Turkish population is that it is young. The 0-14 age group population constitutes 23.4 percent of the total population. However, this rate has been decreasing continuously since 1965 and Turkish society is getting older. While the 0-14 age group comprised 41.9 percent of the population in 1965, it corresponds to 23.4 percent in 2018.

The most important change seen in the demographics of Turkey is the rate of urbanization. While 75.8 percent of the population lived in rural areas (less than 10 thousand inhabitants) and 24.2 percent in urban areas in 1927, today this ratio has reversed. As of 2011, 23.2 percent (17,338,563) of Turkey's population live in rural areas (towns and villages), while 76.8 percent (57,385.706) live in urban areas (province and district centres).
The fact that Turkey is surrounded by the sea on three sides, there are mountain ranges parallel to the coast along its long sides, these mountains separate the high, but less rough middle part from the sea effect, so the climate, natural vegetation, distribution of agricultural varieties between the coastline and the interior parts and their Factors such as the effect on transportation systems and housing types were taken into consideration and it was possible to divide Turkey into four border regions and three interior regions. The first four of the seven identified regions are named after the sea they are adjacent to (Black Sea, Marmara, Aegean and Mediterranean Regions). The other three regions were named according to their places in the whole of Anatolia (Central Anatolia, Eastern Anatolia and Southeastern Anatolia Regions). It is a region extending in the east-west direction on the south coast of the Black Sea. It stretches between the Georgian border in the east and the Adapazarı plain in the west. In the south, Central Anatolia and Eastern Anatolia regions are located. The region is divided into three parts.

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Croatia is a rather strangely-shaped country, consisting of two main landmasses – one to the south and west, the other to the north and east – that are only connected by a narrow stretch of territory, less than 50km wide. Bordering Slovenia, Hungary, Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Montenegro, Croatia is very much a country of the northwest Balkans.
Three geographic features dominate the appearance and nature of Croatia. These are the Adriatic Basin, providing the country with its long and complex shoreline, the Dinaric Alps, a mountain chain of moderate height that separates the coastal areas from the continental interior, and the Pannonian Plain, a large lowland and inland region traversed by major rivers such as the Danube and its tributaries, Sava and Drava. As a result of the considerable differences between these features in terms of topography, weather and human use, Croatia is remarkably diverse, considering its relatively small size, in appearance and in naturally occuring flora and fauna.
Croatia occupies an area of 56,594 km, has a little over 4.3 million inhabitants and has a total coastline of 5,835.3 km. It has over 1,200 islands, islets and reefs and 2,000 islands.

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Dolunay/Cihat Gülseven/Fatih Anatolian High School/ Geography of Turkey

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Dolunay/Cihat Gülseven/Fatih Anatolian High School/ Geography of Turkey

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Turkey placed in 36°-42° north paralels and 26°-45°
eastern meridians. There is a 72 minute time difference in turkey from it's east to west. Turkey lands parted into 7 different geographic regions; Blacksea Region, Marmara Region, Aegean Region, Mediterranean Region, Central Anatolia Region, Eastern Anatolia Region and Southeastern Anatolia Region.
Blacksea is under the effect of blacksea climate while Aegean and Mediterranean are under the mediterranean climate. Marmara known with it's transitional climate. Central Anatolia is under the temperate continental climate, Eastern Anatolia and South Eastern Anatolia are under the continental climate. Turkey is mostly a mountainous area, average height of the country is 1141 meters. The most mountainous areas of the country is eastern areas. Main plains of the Turkey are; Çukurova and Konya plain. .Turkey is also a connection place between asia and europe. Turkey is on the Alpine-Himalayan seismic belt.

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İSTANBUL BOĞAZI
istanbul Boğazı (Bosfor), the Bosphorus, is a strait and international waterway that separates the continents of Asia and Europe and connects the Sea of ​​Marmara and the Black Sea. The Bosphorus generally stretches in the northeast-southwest direction and divides the city of Istanbul into two as the European Side and the Anatolian (Asian) Side. The residential area that spans both sides of the Bosphorus is called the Bosphorus.

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 Göktuğ/ Cihat Gülseven/ Fatih Anatolian high School/Turkey's landforms

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 Göktuğ/ Cihat Gülseven/ Fatih Anatolian high School/Turkey's landforms

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More than half of the country consists of high areas with an elevation exceeding 1,000 meters. The average altitude of Turkey is 1141 meters. About one third is covered with medium-altitude plains, plateaus and mountains, and 10% is covered by lowlands. The highest and mountainous areas are located in the eastern part. Northern Anatolian Mountains; Taurus Mountains cover the south, east and southeast parts. The highest point of the country is the peak of Mount Ararat, which reaches 5,137 meters. It is followed by Cilo Mountain in Hakkari with an altitude of 4,170 meters and Mount Süphan in Bitlis with an altitude of 4,049 meters.
The longest river, whose source and emptiness are within the borders of the country, is the Kızılırmak with a length of 1,355 kilometers. The largest natural lake is Lake Van, which covers an area of 3,713 km². Spread over an area of 817 km², Atatürk Dam Lake is the largest artificial lake in the country. Gökçeada, the largest island of Turkey, has a surface area of 279 km².

Yusufeli Dam, which was built by the General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works (DSI) and whose foundation was laid on February 26, 2013; It is built on the Çoruh River, 70 kilometers southwest of Artvin in the Black Sea Region, and will produce an average of 1.8 billion kWh of energy per year with an installed power of 540 MW when completed. At the same time, when the facility is put into operation, it will be the 3rd highest dam in the world in the double curvature concrete arch category and the 7th highest dam in the world in the general category.

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Zeren/Fatih anatolian high school/cihat gülseven

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Zeren/Fatih anatolian high school/cihat gülseven

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Turkey is a peninsula, our land is fertile, it connects Europe and Asia. Turkey's surface area is 758.562 square kilometers.

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The Dobrogea plateau is the oldest relief unit. Attention, it was formed in 2 orogenies: Caledonian and Hercynian, long before the Carpathians. It has been eroded so much that today it has the appearance of plateau (200-300 m) and even plain (100 m) altitudes.

With the landforms it's simple: mountains, hills, plateaus, plains. When we talk about types of landforms we think of caves, gorges, dunes, volcanic cones, craters, etc. Let's take them one at a time:

-The karst landform type appears in the limestone rocks. Includes gorges and caves. Westerners are the most gifted in this regard. But neither the Banat Mountains nor the Mehedinți Plateau are bad in this regard.

-The glacial landform type was formed under the action of ice. It occurs at over 2000 m and includes circuses and glacial valleys. The southerners are the most gifted, but also in Mț.Rodnei and in Mț. Oriental caliphs meet this type of relief.

-Volcanic landform type is related to volcanic eruptions. I have already said that it is specific to the V of the Orientals. What I add here: it includes cones and craters. It is a pleasure to watch these cones in Mt. Oașului, Mț. Gutâilului, Mț. Țibleșului.

-The coastal lsndform type is obviously located on the coast. It includes deltas, lagoons, cliffs or beaches.

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Nehir/Cihat Gülseven/Fatih Anatolian High School

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Nehir/Cihat Gülseven/Fatih Anatolian High School

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Turkey is on the Alpine-Himalayan Belt, which is one of the most important earthquake zones in the world. There have been many large and destructive earthquakes along the North Anatolian fault since 1939.

The 7.9 magnitude earthquake that took place in Erzincan in 1939 was recorded as the most severe and largest earthquake in Turkey's history. As a result of the earthquake, more than 30 thousand people lost their lives and more than 100 thousand people were injured.

In the 1999 Düzce Earthquake with a magnitude of 7.2, 845 people were killed and 4,948 people were injured.

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There are three different climate types in Turkey. In the Mediterranean climate, which is generally seen on the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean coasts, the summers are hot and dry, and the winters are warm and rainy. The vegetation is maquis. In the Black Sea climate, which is a temperate oceanic climate type seen on the shores of the Black Sea, precipitation is seen every season, the natural vegetation is forest. The Black Sea coast is the only region of Turkey that receives high precipitation throughout the year, and the Eastern Black Sea region receives 2000-2500 millimeters of precipitation annually.