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definition: two things compared side by side with a contrasting effect

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Night & Day

Good & Evil

Old & Young

Family & Outsiders

Tradition & Rebellion

Greed & Generosity

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saying one thing is as/like a very different thing, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid (e.g., as brave as a lion)

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"The car was like a bullet, fast as lightning."

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(noun) a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable. A thing regarded as representative or symbolic of something else, especially something abstract.

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"Life is a highway."

"You are a star."

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literary element that creates certain feelings or vibes in readers through words and descriptions.

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descriptions that use the five senses to paint a picture for the reader.

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"The flowers and their delicately curling petals provided the foyer with a breath of freshly perfumed oxygen while the violin slowly whined the melancholic tune."

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Foreshadowing is when the author hints at what is going to happen later in the story.

"The ill-fated lad was called Ikemefuna" (Achebe, 8)

Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart. Penguin Classics, 2006.

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A flashback interrupts that chronological sequence, the front line action or “present” line of the story, to show readers a scene that unfolded in the past

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events or behaviors that seems deliberately opposite to what one expects and is often amusing as a result.

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A common example of verbal irony is saying, "Oh, great!" when something bad happens. Or when a character does exactly what they were warned not to do.

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a figure of speech in which an idea or thing is given human attributes and/or feelings or is spoken of as if it were human

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"The wind howled......."

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Zoomorphism means to assign animal qualities to a non-animal subject, like a human being, inanimate object, or idea. This literary device can appear in books as a single phrase 

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“The ocean roared.”

"She barked her order."

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exposes and criticizes foolishness and corruption of an individual or a society by using humor, irony, exaggeration or ridicule.

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Political cartoons exaggerating a politicians features or views. Doing a silly impersonation of the president's speech.

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a figure of speech that is an intentional exaggeration for emphasis or comic effect

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I'm so hungry, I could eat a horse.”

“I've seen this movie a hundred times.”

“It cost an arm and a leg.”

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Literary tone is the attitude or feeling that an author conveys through their writing (you can have more than one)

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-Optimistic

-Humorous

-Pessimistic

-Formal

-Assertive

-Inspirational

-Ironic

-Joyful

-Serious

-Apologetic

-Fear

-Nostalgic

-Passionate

-Persuasive

-Sad

-Accusatory

-Admiring

-Anxious

-Arrogant

-Bitter

-Critical

-Direct tone

-Dry

-Informative