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fallacy that is an irrelevant topic introduced in an argument to divert the attention of listeners or readers from the original issue.

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fallacy is committed when a person simply ignores a person's actual position and substitutes a distorted, exaggerated or misrepresented version of that position. This sort of "reasoning" has the following pattern: Person A has position X.

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a fallacy in which someone tries to win support for an argument or idea by exploiting his or her opponent's feelings of pity or guilt.

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involves commenting on or against an opponent to undermine him instead of his arguments.

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argument that concludes that a proposition is true because many or most people believe it: "If many believe so, it is so."

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common type of argument which can be fallacious, such as when an authority is cited on a topic outside their area of expertise or when the authority cited is not a true expert.

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As a fallacy, the definition of bandwagon is the same as that of the Latin phrase argumentum ad populum, which means “an appeal to the people.”

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a fallacy in which a person asserts that some event must inevitably follow from another without any argument for the inevitability of the event in question.

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a fallacy in which one event is said to be the cause of a later event simply because it occurred earlier. Also called the fallacy of false cause, faulty cause, and arguing from succession alone.

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a fallacy in which a conclusion is not logically justified by sufficient or unbiased evidence. Also called insufficient sample, converse accident, faulty generalization, biased generalization, jumping to a conclusion, secundum quid, and neglect of qualifications.

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Pathos can be expressed through words, pictures or even with gestures of the body. Pathos is an important tool of persuasion in arguments.

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Logos is a literary device that can be defined as a statement, sentence or argument used to convince or persuade the targeted audience by employing reason or logic. In everyday life, arguments depend upon pathos and ethos besides logos.

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Pathos is an appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response. Logos is an appeal to logic, and is a way of persuading an audience by reason.