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Learning based on work projects - By Laura Yised Muñoz

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Learning based on work projects - By Laura Yised Muñoz

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Learning based on work projects is an innovation in teaching. It represents a rediscovery applicable in our time and in our teaching areas in the classroom. This work represents an action research developed during the 2012-2013 school year at the headquarters of Policarpa Salavarrieta of the Republic of Argentina, with fifth grade students of primary education. During this research, some information collection tools are used, such as the pedagogical diary, the survey, the attitudes measurement tables, among others, to gather information and establish significant changes in the students about the learning process and the motivation of English, once it has developed.
English class through projects during the school year. This research includes a description of the work developed in the classroom through the projects with their steps, activities and sources, texts, among others, pointing out the importance of including students in the decision making during the activities and in the elaboration of curriculum design. Finally, this work shows the importance of project work to develop communicative competence in English, showing students motivated to learn English and learning some cultural topics, research technicians, self-confidence, autonomy, among others, because, teaching English through projects it works. It is a way to develop a lot of meaningful learning in public school.
The initial research on the language process took into consideration the attempt to elucidate its relations with thought, and the studies carried out by Köler, Yerkes and Bühler, even by Vygotsky and his collaborators, are classic, differing from approaches and perspectives , they define, in one way or another, this interrelation. Within this line Stern establishes the transcendental importance that it has for the child to discover "that each thing has a name", that is going to derive in the active curiosity of the child on the words and each new thing that he knows, and his consequent increase in the vocabulary Taking into account that the Colombian State, in its General Law of Education proposes the teaching of a foreign language since primary school. Official documents such as guidelines in foreign languages and basic competency standards are mainly focused on teaching English in public schools.
In these documents, it is proposed that students achieve communication in this foreign language once they are in high school grades (MEN, 2006 p.6). However, to achieve this goal, it is necessary to prepare the resources and procedures for teaching English, promoting those aspects that guarantee its feasibility, such as: adapting student groups (numerically), preparing teachers responsible for teaching English, provide educational materials necessary schools, take into account the learning needs of students and increase the time allocated to teaching within the plans and schedules established. As established by the CEFR (2001) in chapter 6 on learning and teaching a foreign language: 15 Effectiveness depends on the motivation and the particular characteristics of the students, as well as on the nature of the resources, both human and materials, which may come into play. Following this fundamental principle to its ultimate consequences, a great diversity of objectives and a greater diversity of methods and materials are necessarily achieved.

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Olson's Circumplex Model - By: Adriana Muñoz Polania

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Olson's Circumplex Model - By: Adriana Muñoz Polania

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The theory that I will use is Olson's Circumplex Model. It was developed by David H. Olson, Candyce Russel and Douglas Sprenkle, and it was used to study family functioning. This theory indicates that, The Circumplex Model evaluates the family as a whole and starts from the idea that its degree of functionality depends mainly on its cohesion and its adaptability, also taking into account both the communication factor that a student has with your family as well as the stress factor that according to Olson, the stage of adolescence, that occupies us in this research, involves stressors such as “intrafamiliar” tensions, tensions economic and labor tensions (Ruano, 2001). The Circumflex Model was developed in 1979, since then this model has been one of the theoretical frameworks commonly used world wide in studies focused on family functioning. According to Olson's theory, the four main parts linked to Circumflex Model are cohesion, adaptability, communication and stress.  As applied to my topic, this theory holds that I would expect my independent variable(s): age, gender, cohesion, adaptability, communication, conflict situation and type of family to influence or explain the dependent variable(s): student academic performance and behavior in the classroom because this will determine how the family environment influences the student's academic performance and behavior at school, both in and outside the classroom. Having a better understanding of Circumplex Model will allow the teacher and the parents to know the influence of the relationship or family coexistence on the academic performance and behavior of adolescents in school.

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The theory of consciousness - By Edwar A. Adaime 

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The theory of consciousness - By Edwar A. Adaime 

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The theory I will use is the theory of consciousness developed by Uriah Kriegel 2006 and used to study human consciousness and its states, valuing processes such as motivation, emotions and feelings. His theory indicates that lessons or plans should be based on the personalities and characteristics of the students, taking into account the emotional states, thus enabling the students to express their thoughts and achieve an understanding of those around them. Applied to my subject, this theory holds that I would expect my independents variables to be; genders, culture, social stratification, regional contexts, religion, and everything that characterizes a population Influence and explain the dependent variable (s) of moods such as joy, sadness, motivation, depression, caused by problems and euphoria. Because if we observe all these variations and characterize the population, it allows us to have a wide radiography of human beings, preparing lessons adapted to the knowledge of oneself and of their contexts, this in order that the students will be aware that affects them in his personality and community, and what solutions should be proposed to achieve scientific and social knowledge, in short words; "Integral"

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Constructivist Learning Environments - By Sandra Daniela Vásquez P.

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Constructivist Learning Environments - By Sandra Daniela Vásquez P.

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The theory that I will use is Constructivist Learning Environments, It was developed by Vygotsky (1896 -1934), Jean Piaget (1896 -1980), and it was used to study and it was used as a pedagogical model This theory indicates that  gives the guidelines so that the teacher has a series of knowledge that will help him in his profession, that before undertaking them he must integrate them in mental schemes and through this form teaching practices, where ideas, theories and representatives of this approach (Vigosky, Bruner, Piaget, Ausbel.

As applied to my topic, this theory holds that I would expect my independent variable:

The learning process, according to the constructivist conception, is developed taking into account the following phases or moments:

* The process begins by rescuing the previous experience of the students, related to the educational content to be learned.

* It causes situations of doubt or cognitive conflicts, in relation to the knowledge or experiences that students have.

* Creative applications of knowledge are provoked and the lived experience is valued.

Cooperative learning is fundamental because it integrates the knowledge of other students and learning becomes a dynamic and significant game.

To influence or explain the dependent variables Constructivist Learning Environments is important because The interesting thing within constructivism is to be able to understand in what knowledge is acquired, being that it is a dynamic process, being something that is happening in the social process and thanks to this the student builds new knowledge that can serve him in his daily life.

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Feedback made by - Adriana Muñoz Polania

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Feedback made by - Adriana Muñoz Polania

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Good morning Laura.
Regarding your comment on my theoretical perspective, I agree with you and precisely that is one of the topics with which I would like to carry out an research. I think that the relationship and coexistence that a student has with their own family greatly influences their behavior and performance in school. A student attends school with an endless number of thoughts, problems and feelings generated in his home, such as the separation of his parents, discussions within his family nucleus, not having the support of his family, among others. So we as teachers must take into account this situation to understand and support the student to get out of this difficulty in order to continue building knowledge, as well as character and autonomy.
On the other hand, although I consider that you have good information written in your work, I think that it is not clear enough, that is, it is confusing, the way in which this study is applied to language learning and what would be the population with which you could work, the independent and dependent variables and finally, in itself, what would be the usefulness of the study within an investigation. I suggest you should have guided yourself through the format.

Cordial greetings, Edwar.
There are certain things that I don't understand from your theoretical perspective, one of them is how you could "preparing lesson plan adapted to the knowledge of itself and its environment" using the theory you chose. I can not see which are your independent variables. Then, later on in your writing you repeated the variable word twice, I think you did this by trying to write "dependent variables", but then how can the dependent variables involve the education, learning-teaching part?. That's why I think you should organize your ideas a little more.

Classmate Sandra.
First of all you must be very aware of the way in which the theory you approach can be applied to the topic you choose, so that you can give a reason why this theoretical perspective is important. Likewise, the independent variables are all that can be manipulated, controlled, studied and that have a changing characteristic, likewise these directly affect the results. To the same extent the dependent variable as the name itself indicates it depends on the independent variables. Now, I emphasize this part because although you have certain independent variables from my perspective they do not respond correctly to this item and on the other hand you did not write which are your dependent variables.

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Good evening, partner Adriana
I hink it is nice that highlights the importance of the family, the commitment of parents with their children, chose the most appropriate research to discuss the issue since the family has become the object of study of the most diverse approaches of psychology today, and either because of its complexity of understanding or because of its influence at a social level. It is considered as the first link of social and psychological support that the subject has throughout his life, exercising a protective function in the face of the various tensions of daily life. And the support that is offered among the members of a family, It will become one of the main resources at the time of preventing physical and psychological damage to its members, being the guide in the changes and conflicts that occur throughout its life cycle. Like any system, the family is constituted by limits that establish a family perimeter that contains its members, protecting them from external pressures, controlling the flow of incoming and outgoing information from the family context and its environment, fulfilling protective and regulatory functions, in order to keep its members united and stable family system. However, if there are cracks in these limits giving an excessive permeability, the family can lose its identity and integrity, on the contrary if it is scarce, the family system is closed and isolated.

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Classmate Adriana.

Olson's Circumplex model theory is very true, from my point of view, because if we study the basis of a good education, which starts in the family, we can have many answers about each person, such as why their behaviors, the degree of intelligence or education.
I think that the family is the axis of every person, education does not start in schools, it is perfected in it, so in conclusion the family is the main factor to achieve a good education.

I think that for this theory to cease to be theory and be fulfilled must be put into use.

How is it done? Nowadays we see that the schools promote the schools of parents, which seek that parents get involved in the educational process of the child or youth and are participants of the achievements they obtain in the academic process.

Today we can see professionals and government entities that fight for the rights of children, but also promote the welfare and good development of their childhood and adolescence. (ICBF) (Ong, Save Childrems) (Unicef).

All this allows us to conclude that the family is very important in the cognitive and emotional development of each person, and that if a good foundation is achieved, we will have future integral people.

For: Sandra Daniela Vasquez
Constructivist theory is one of the most famous theories in the actulity, today is one of the most used, if we look at our task or context, we see that we are using the constructivism of Vygotsky, Piaget and Bruner, why?
Because this is the main objective of the Lesson Plan is that among all of us we carry out a collaborative work, contributing ideas, making feedback, correcting mistakes so that all of us can achieve the construction of knowledge.
I observe that everything points to constructivism, although there are people who do not like constructivism, but who leans towards other theories such as behaviorism, this is the theory that has given the most favorable results in teaching, so it will remain part of the menu of education centers for many years.

For: Laura
The Learning by poryectos or in its acronyms in English ESP (Teaching for specific purposes)
Today is a very good pedagogical strategy to achieve a good education, in most areas of knowledge projects are used on bilingualism, care of the environment, social sciences. The important thing about these projects is that they allow the whole educational community to be involved, achieving very good results in the students' learning processes.
Every project starts with the investigative stage, so the students know from the beginning of the research collecting samples, then formulating small theories and later giving the results with solutions or possible solutions, it is a very good strategy, I use it with my students and it has been very significant to me.