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Deviance is a behaviour which goes against society's accepted norms and values. There is many grey areas in sport all caused as a result of deviance.

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The first of the 3 types of deviance is sportsmanship. This involves athletes playing to not only the written rules of sport but the unwritten rules as well. It is shown by good etiquette and respect for those involved. An example of showing sportsmanship is helping an opponent to their feet after accidentally injuring them or shaking hands before an after a competition.

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The second type of deviance is gamesmanship. This involves pushing the rules to the limits without being caught, using any dubious ways possible to gain an advantage. For example, in football a lot of the time you see players surrounding a referee when a decision has to be made sometimes even waving an imaginary card to try and get their opponent booked which is obviously done as they know there is no real consequence for their actions in football. Another example of gamesmanship is diving/simulation. Although this is against the rules it is done often to try and create an advantage for their team.

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The third and final type of deviance is cheating. This is a deliberate violation of written rules and done with the intention of creating an unfair advantage over their opponent, and actions are deceptive. An example of out and out cheating is a player taking up an offer of a financial payment just to directly influence the outcome of a match. Another example is the use of PED's (Performance Enhancing Drug's) to gain an unfair advantage which is often done in sports like boxing.

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There is a number of reasons why people cheat in sport:
Remain competitive/ Win at all costs attitude
Prizes/ Prize money
Other competitors are also cheating
Expectation from others/ Own self image

There are some positives that people see as reasons why they feel they have to cheat:
Money
Entertainment value
Recognised by bigger clubs

There are also a number of negatives which come with people feeling the need to cheat:
Ruin the reputation
Ruin the sport
Fan violence
Creates an unfair advantage
Bad role models for younger people
Physical damage
Encourages others

As you can see the negatives quite clearly outweigh the positives which shows why it is a stupid idea to feel the need to take drugs and cheat.

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Blood-gate was a huge scandal in rugby where Tom Williams of Harlequins rugby team was involved in a scandal that erupted around his biting into a blood capsule to fake injury in the Heineken Cup game against Leicester in April 2009, he admits that he was daft to have “made such an error… and gone along with it all”, that he suffered stress in the aftermath and considered quitting rugby. The reason he did this was the Harlequins had no remaining subs and had a drop goal attempt with their best kicker on the bench, so Tom Williams was given a blood capsule from a joke shop to squirt in his mouth and fake an injury. Therefore the referee let them make a final sub and bring on their kicker to help win the game for them, however he missed which was probably karma for their deviance.

I regard this as cheating rather than gamesmanship as they worked round the problem of not being allowed another substitute to try and gain an unfair advantage over their opposition. I feel sorry for Williams as although he could have said no, he felt pressured and forced to do it from the people higher up at the club who clearly had a 'win at all costs' mentality. He probably felt trapped that he couldn't do anything and if he refused he would have been frozen out that may have ruined his career.

I believe what he was saying as I don't think he would have planned that by himself and arranged such a risky scandal that had potential to ruin his career. I believe the people higher up at the club will have come up with the idea as they knew what an important match it was and believed the benefits of winning were worth the risk of being caught cheating.

I believe the club should be punished more than the player however it was right for Williams to get a 3 year suspension as although he may have felt trapped, overall it was his decision to take the capsule. I think a hefty fine should have been paid by the club as a punishment for their actions and if they went on to win the match, the trophy should have been stripped from them for cheating.