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Theodore Roosevelt was president of the United States from 1901 to 1909. He became the youngest president (age 42) after the assassination of President McKinley. After that, he served another full term.

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Theodore Roosevelt was a Republican. He believed in better working conditions, more conservation, and the breaking of large trusts. He also agreed with the Pure Food and Drug Act, and others of that kind.

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The Square Deal was a deal that Roosevelt announced when he was running. It involves fair rights for everyone.

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While Theodore Roosevelt was in office, more than 100,000 coal miners in Pennsylvania went on strike. They wanted better pay, an 8 hour workday, and for the unions to be able to represent the workers. When the owners refused to negotiate, Roosevelt threatened to send federal troops to work in the mines. The owners agreed to negotiate. This was very important because it was the first time an U.S. President had sided with the strikers.

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Roosevelt made many advances for conservation.  Here are a few of them:

- In 1905, Roosevelt proposed the U.S. Forest Service

- He was "America's first environmental president"

- Formed the National Conservation Commission

-  Expanded the nations amount of national parks and forests

- Made conservation an important national issue

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- 4 Federal Game Preserves
- 5 National parks
- 18 National monuments
- 51 Federal bird preserves
- 150 National forests

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After his two terms of presidency, Theodore Roosevelt supported Henry Taft. President Taft won. After some time, Roosevelt was not satisfied. He claimed, "completely twisted around" all that he did.

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When Taft was nominated for the Republican candidate, Roosevelt decided to run again. During the process, Taft was selected as the Republican nominee.  Roosevelt became angry and created his own party, the Progressive Party.

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The Bull Moose Party is the nickname for the Progressive Party.  It comes from when a reporter asked Roosevelt about how his health was.  His reported reply was, "I feel as strong as a bull moose!" Ever since then, people have called it the Bull Moose Party.

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Democrat Woodrow Wilson won the election with 42% of the popular vote. This is the first time that the president was elected with less than 50% of the popular vote. Roosevelt received 27%, and Taft 23%.

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When Roosevelt split from the Republican Party, he caused some people that would have voted for Taft to vote for him. This allowed Wilson to steal the win.

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- Roosevelt knew that you needed to balance business with conservation

- In 1908, he decided not to run for reelection. He later went back on this decision.

- Roosevelt won the 1904 election with more than 57% of the popular vote.

- Roosevelt was opposite Thomas Jefferson's laissez-faire

- Roosevelt was considered a trustbuster, but he did not want to get rid of all trusts.