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Group 2 (10A) - Link 5 - The Social Darwinism was really popular ideology and we can understand the reason for its popularity analyzing the epoch (Gilded Age) popular thoughts such as racism. Darwin theory spread the belief that white people were biologically superior to African, Asian and other ethnic groups. The narrative made sense because of the culture of the time, that abash black people, so of course it was popular and conquered a lot of fans and followers. As many adherents of imperialism argued, using Darwin's theory, that their race was better than another one, such as the nazis.

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Group 2 (10A) - Link 1 - This narrative is really interesting and calls up attention because it's a 60's show, with the symbols of the time (such as cinema, cars industry and a traditional family structure - Jacob would call it as "American way of Life" ) with cavemen characters.

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The Social Darwinist was developed in United States of America in the Gilded Age, an age where the americans were getting richer and richer, this age was marked by a huge concentration of wealth.  Darwinism is based on the natural selection (on the nature, the ones who are stronger, survives and evolves). Therefore the rich came with this idea that they were economically and socially successful just because they were biologically and socially “naturally” the fittest. And they had to get rid of the citzens that were not like this, because they were inferior to them.  This were biological facts to the Social Darwinist followers. A reason to lower the immigrants from central america arriving in the US. For us now is ridiculous, but this hideos idea was just labeled as invalid when WW2 stricked and the theory was related to the Nazi propaganda.

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Group 2  (10A) - Narrative to make sense should, such as the article, be relatable: it connects and compares different historical periods that are related to people's lives, even nowadays. The Narrative should be relevant to the present situation, this way it can touch the community. The speech may be to the people, simple and direct, the narrative needs to be linked strongly to people. And then starts the ideologies, for example, communism ideology.

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G3 10A - Narratives are created when ideas have a straight link to the readers, the people's material conditions,  knowledge and the historian present. In Medieval times we already had social networks, but what makes the  narrative current is technology. Making possible to know more people. The world is not bigger nor smaller, people know each other better, that all happens because of technology. But this narrative isn't an ideology, Why? It doesn't interfere with the right or wrong nor bring a solution, just facts. It doesn't move people to do something.

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group 2 (10A) link 4

It makes sense because they were in japanese- russian war  time. The japanese were  being imperialists, because for them territory was power. So they stablished a fundment, winning war was an obligation.  This japanese obligation sensation is provided of their proud as a nation. And for the russians it made sense because they were japanese enemies, who were defeated

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Veja todas as coisas maravilhosas que Marcelo Tavares fez

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Group 2 (10A) - Link 2 -   People could understand and relate to it because it was about their present and problems and issues, they pass a narrative with a meaning, with a solution to their problems. People would be exited and motivated by their speech because people would think that they would relate and to the speech and become something like the speech meant.

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GROUP (1) : In medieval times people did not know what the term "social network" was, therefore the historians of the past wouldn't search for those. Nowadays social networks do exists that's why historians decided to make a research about it and to discover their types Social Networks and how they worked, analizing how the Dark Pleague was spread (a disease highly transmitted by contact) . The narritive of the article is not an ideology because it doesn't unite people nor try to change the world showing them  what is wrong, it also does not propose solution to it. So the historians choose to search about the past to find answers about the present,  making  a meaning out of it.

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*accepted

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Grup 1 Narrative4: In 1904 Russians and Japanese people were in war for territory. These pictures are japanese war propaganda so they painted japanese soldiers as superior than the russians, so that way they could influence their people to believe they were the superior and they were right

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Group 3 - Link 1

The Flintones represented a middle class happy family in the pre-historical age. They represented the "American Way of Life" having electronics, cars, going out on movie teathers. It also represented the fordirsm, that was being valued as the best way of living at that time.

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Group 3 - Link 1

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Group 3 - Link 5
Social darwinism, overall, utilizes ideology (the own social darwinism) substantiaded by various material conditions (e.g. slavery, traditions etc.), trying to justify some of those material conditions with Darwin's evolution theory (Some of those used the historicist narrative, claiming that the ideas were in constant evolution [natural selection], and they were getting "better", close to the utopia, defined by the "end" of history, but it is very flexible to justify lots os ideologies/narratives)

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Grupo1 Narrative 2: The film is relevant for the era when it was launched ( the 30's) because the material conditions that were represented in the film were very similar to the conditions in the reality because the film represents the fight for food and how people were starving and that was something common in the american great depresion.

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Group 1 narative 5: in the end of the XIX century, African and Latin people were still slaved and treated as inferior people. Since the theory of social Darwinism stated that some races were more advanced than others it was widely believed by the white elite as it was a way to justify slavery.

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Group 3 - Link 4
The Russo-Japanese war was the context and people were desperate for knowing what was going on. The Government made lots of propaganda, as always happened in war times. We can notice in the painting, made by japanese, the japanese army was overwhelmingly superior, as the japanese people were superior for ethnic reasons, and was far better than the russian one. They represent the war as if the japanese were winning (even though they did win, the expression of the image is distant from reality)

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Group 3 - Link 2

The movie is happening during the Great Depression and a lot of people in the USA are passing through a problematic situation including hunger. When the woman on the movie says, "I'll never be hungry again", people feel identified by that feeling.

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Group 3 - Link 1

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Group 3 - Link 3
The context was 1956, Cold War. USA and U.S.S.R. were the 2 world-wide superpowers at the time. The Space Race had just begun and people all over the world didn't what lied on the stars above them. There were lots of theories and expectations about the space and lots os different narratives were being spread about aliens and governamental conspiracies. The movie's plot fits perfectly in the material conditions of the time.

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Grupo 1 Narrative 1: This narrative makes sense because the material conditions on the 60´s were well represented in the opening theme (cinema and cars) because these things were very popular on the 60´s

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The thibg that gives sense to a narrative is an idea +material conditions, and one of the most spoken themes nowadays is technology and the rise of social network,in the past themes like this wasnt so popular, thats why it was written in this era

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Group 1 Narrative 3: In 1956 the cold war was happening, so this american director used this tv show to spread the idea that socialism was bad. He used the aliens as an analogy to talk about russian people/ socialist, he painted them as cold , heartless people, like they were all the same, to represent/ criticize the lack of options in socialism like people having the same cars and etc, and as an captalist american he was totally against it.

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Ideologies were created according to the context of their world(material conditions). Ideologies are like deceases, they spread more as people talk to each other and discuss the topic. It is a lot easier to spread an ideology if people believe in it and start telling others about it. We can use an example from the article, it would be a lot harder to spread an idea if there were no social networks. Social Media is what makes people believe they're so close to each other. If there wasn't social media, people wouldn't know they are so close to each other and they wouldn't believe that people back in the Medieval Ages are so close too. Social Media are the material conditions of the article so we can understand it.

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In our current world, where most people have accounts in online social networks, the world is more connected than ever.

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According the inputs and the sources, explore your own analysis. But give evidence!

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"Everyone on this planet is separated by only six other people". So says a character in John Guare's 1990 play Six Degrees of Separation. It's a maxim that has come to define our ideas about the reach of social networks - and there's some truth in it too. The average number of friends-of-friends connecting you to any other random person might not be exactly six - it depends on how you define links, for one thing - but it is a small number of about that size.

But has it always been such a small world? It's tempting to think so. Jazz musicians in the early 20th Century were united by barely three degrees of separation. Much further back, scientists in the 17th Century maintained a dense social network via letters, as did humanist scholars of the Renaissance. But those were specialised groups. Intellectual and aristocratic elites in history might have all known one another, but was it always a small world for ordinary folk too? Studying such social networks is difficult, because the relationships of the average person living in pre-industrial times were rarely documented. Yet there could be an indirect way to find out - by studying the spread of disease.

The modern understanding of small-world social networks has come largely from direct experiments. Guare took his idea from experiments conducted in the late 1960s by social scientist Stanley Milgram of Harvard University and colleagues. In one study, they attempted to get letters to a Boston stockbroker by sending them to random people in Omaha, Nebraska, bearing only the addressee's name and profession and the fact that he worked in Boston. Those who received the letter were asked to forward it to anyone they knew who might be better placed to help it on its way.

Most of the letters didn't arrive at all. But of those that did, an average of only six journeys were needed to get them there. A much larger-scale re-run of the experiment in 2003 using email forwarding found an almost identical result: the average "chain length" for messages delivered to the target was between five and seven. More recently, other researchers have claimed that in the age of Facebook we are only four degrees apart.
Going viral

Needless to say, it's not possible to conduct epistolary experiments to deduce the human social networks of former ages. But there are other ways to figure out what they looked like, according to Mark Newman of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor and his coworkers. These networks don't only spread news, information and rumour, but also things that are decidedly less welcome, such as disease. Many bugs are passed between individuals by direct, sometime intimate contact - could spread of an epidemic reflect the web of human relationships on which it happens?

Newman and colleagues admit that the spread of disease is only an approximate proxy for social networks. Disease can be transmitted by rats, fleas or strangers, for example, rather than among friends or acquaintances. Still, the team argues that in pre-industrial times, the transmission of pathogens would have roughly reflected the nature of human contact. Rats and fleas never travelled far unless carried by humans, and since many people lived in small communities, meeting strangers may have been less common than today.

Despite the caveats, the researchers propose that the spread of the Black Death in the 14th Century could offer some clues about social networks at the time. It took at least three years for the disease to spread through Europe, Scandinavia and Russia in the 14th Century, beginning in the Levant and the Mediterranean ports. They argue that the crucial point is not how quickly or slowly the disease spread, but what the pattern was like.

Historical documents have already shown that the Black Death moved through the Western world rather like an ink blot spreading across a map of Europe: a steady advance of the "disease front". In a pre-print paper on the physics arxiv, the team's computer simulations and calculations show that the Black Death's stain-like spread is possible only if people in the network were more poorly connected than today - in other words, if it wasn't a small world. While they didn't calculate a specific number for the degrees of separation, it was clear that there were essentially no "shortcuts" linking geographically distant individuals, so people must have further apart than six degrees. The pattern would have looked more blotchy - like modern disease epidemics - if people had been more connected, because new outbreaks would have seeded well outside the initial infected region.

So if the world was still "large" in the 14th Century, when did it become "small"? Newman and colleagues hope that other epidemiological data might reveal that, but they guess that it happened with the advent of long-distance transportation in the 19th Century, which seems also to have been the time that rapidly spreading epidemics appeared. There's always a price for progress.
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Medieval social networks: a small world?

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"Everyone on this planet is separated by only six other people". So says a character in John Guare's 1990 play Six Degrees of Separation. It's a maxim that has come to define our ideas about the reach of social networks - and there's some truth in it too.