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Rise of Nationalism: The rivalry among European nations

Imperialism and Militarism:  Imperialism is the fierce competing of the European nations for colonies. militarism is the policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war.

Militarism:The policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war.

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The Great War Begins: Austria takes declaration while other countries plan to overtake Russian borders. But Germany declared war

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The Great War Begins: Austria takes declaration while other countries plan to overtake Russian borders. But Germany declared war

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Nations take Sides: BY mid-August 1914 the battle lines were clearly drawn. On one side were Germany and Austria-hungary

Central Powers: One side were Germany and Austria-hungary

Allies: Great Britan, Fracnce, and Russia together

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War Affects the World: none of the alliances they formed or new battle-fronts they opened did much to end the slow and grinding conflict.Gallipoli had turned into another bloody stalemate. suffered about 250,000 casualties.

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War Affects the World: none of the alliances they formed or new battle-fronts they opened did much to end the slow and grinding conflict.Gallipoli had turned into another bloody stalemate. suffered about 250,000 casualties.

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The Gallipoli Campaign: Dardanelles. This narrow sea strait was the gateway to the Ottoman capital, Constantinople. By securing the Dardanelles, the Allies believed that they could take Constantinople, defeat the Turks, and establish a supply line to Russia.Gallipoli had turned into another bloody stalemate. suffered about 250,000 casualties.

Battles in Africa and Asia: In various parts of Asia and Africa, Germany’s colonial possessions came under assault. Japanese quickly overran German outposts in china.  Indian political leader Mohandas Gandhi, who supported Indian participation in the war.

America Joins the Fight: 1917, the focus of the war shifted to the high seas. That year, the Germans intensified the submarine warfare that had raged in the Atlantic Ocean. American public was outraged. April 2, 1917, President Wilson asked Congress to declare war on Germany. The United States entered the war on the side of the Allies.

unrestricted submarine warfare: January 1917, the Germans announced that their submarines would sink without warning any ship in the waters around Britain.

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Woodrow Wilson:
Georges Clemenceau:

Wilson's Plan for Peace:

Fourteen Points:
self-determination:

The Versailles Treaty:

Treaty of Versailles:
League of Nations:

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Tangled Alliances: Alliances that were formed to keep peace but eventually pushed the European countries into war.

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Tangled Alliances: Alliances that were formed to keep peace but eventually pushed the European countries into war.

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Bismarck Forges Early Pacts: Bismarck made early alliances with those he saw as most threatening.

Triple Alliance: The alliance bismark formed with Germany, Austria-hungary and three years later Italy

Shifting Alliances Threaten Peace: Germany had a shift in leadership which ended their alliance with Russia. Russia returned by forming an alliance with France which is what Bismark was afraid of. An alliance was made with Britan but not to join in war but to assure that they never have war against each other.

Kaiser Wilhelm II: Ruler of Germany
Triple Entente:  did not bind Britain to fight with France and Russia. However, it did almost certainly ensure that Britain would not fight against them.

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Bloody Stalemate: As the summer of 1914 turned to fall, the war turned into a long and bloody stalemate, or deadlock, along the battlefields of france. 

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Bloody Stalemate: As the summer of 1914 turned to fall, the war turned into a long and bloody stalemate, or deadlock, along the battlefields of france. 

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Western Front: Deadlock region in northern France became known as the Western Front.

The Conflict Grinds Along: The plan called for attacking and defeating france in the west and then rushing to the east to fight Russia. The germans felt they could carry out such a plan because Russia lagged behind the rest of Europe in its railroad system and thus would take longer to supply its front lines.

Schliefen Plan: Germany had developed a battle strategy

War in the Trenches: By early 1915, opposing armies on the western front had dug miles of parallel trenches to protect themselves from enemy fire. This set the stage for what became known as trench warfare.

Trench Warfare: By early 1915, opposing armies on the western front had dug miles of parallel trenches to protect themselves from enemy fire.

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War Affects the Home Front:By the time the United States joined the Allies, the war had been raging for nearly three years. In those three years, Europe had lost more men in battle than in all the wars of the previous three centuries. The war had claimed the lives of millions and had changed countless lives forever. The Great War, as the conflict came to beknown, affected everyone. It touched not only the soldiers in the trenches, but civilians as well.  

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War Affects the Home Front:By the time the United States joined the Allies, the war had been raging for nearly three years. In those three years, Europe had lost more men in battle than in all the wars of the previous three centuries. The war had claimed the lives of millions and had changed countless lives forever. The Great War, as the conflict came to beknown, affected everyone. It touched not only the soldiers in the trenches, but civilians as well.  

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Governments Wage Total War: countries devoted all their resources to the war effort. Numerous facilities were converted to munitions factories. Nearly every able-bodied civilian was put to work. Unemployment in many European countries all but disappeared.

total war: This meant that countries devoted all their resources to the war effort.
rationing: people could buy only small amounts of those items that were also needed for the war effort.
propoganda: one-sided information designed to persuade, to keep up morale and support for the war.

Women and the War:  governments turned to help from women as never before. Thousands of women replaced men in factories, offices, and shops.

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The Creation of New Nations:

"A Peace Built on Quicksand"

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Crisis in the Balkans: Southeastern Europe in the mountains where lots of ethnic groups are located and clash.

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Crisis in the Balkans: Southeastern Europe in the mountains where lots of ethnic groups are located and clash.

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A Restless Region: Nationalism was a powerful force in these countries. Each group longed to extend its borders

A Shot Rings Throughout Europe:Into this poisoned atmosphere of mutual dislike and mistrust stepped the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand,and his wife, Sophie. The royal pair was shot at point-blank range as they rode through the streets of Sarajevo in an open car.

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Battle on the Eastern Front: Even as the war on the western front claimed thousands of lives, both sides were sending millions of more men to fight on the eastern front. This area was a stretch of battlefield along the german and Russian border.

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Battle on the Eastern Front: Even as the war on the western front claimed thousands of lives, both sides were sending millions of more men to fight on the eastern front. This area was a stretch of battlefield along the german and Russian border.

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Eastern Front:  This area was a stretch of battlefield along the german and Russian border.

Early Fighting: At the beginning of the war, Russian forces had launched an attack in to both Austria and germany. At the end of august, germany counter attacked near the town of Tannenberg.

Russia Struggles:  By 1916, Russia`s war effort was near collapse, and yet to become industrialized.

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The Allies Win the War: With the United States finally in the war, the balance, it seemed, was about to tip in the Allies’ favor.

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The Allies Win the War: With the United States finally in the war, the balance, it seemed, was about to tip in the Allies’ favor.

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Russia Withdraws:  civil unrest in Russia—due in large part toward related shortages of food and fuel—forced Czar Nicholas to step down. In his place a provisional government was established. The new government pledged to continue fighting the war. However, by 1917, nearly 5.5 million Russian soldiers had been wounded, killed, or taken prisoner. As a result, the war-weary Russian army refused to fight any longer.

The Central Powers Collapse: Russia’s withdrawal from the war at last allowed  Germany to send nearly all its forces to the Western Front. In March 1918, the Germans mounted one final, massive attack on the Allies in France. As in the opening weeks of the war, the German forces crushed everything in their path. By late May 1918, the Germans had again reached the Marne River. Paris was less than 40miles away. Victory seemed within reach. US sent a large army which eventually ended the war

armistice: An agreement to stop fighting

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Summarize the new weapons that developed during the course of WWI:  Planes that were dropping bombs on enemy soldiers confused them. They've never seen anything like it and didn't know how to get away from them. Once they dropped a bomb in your radius there was nothing you could do because they dropped so fast.

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General Notes: