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In the Medieval times there were paintings and sculptures indicating that children were just little adults and did what the adults did. It was believed that five and six year olds were sent off to do things like carpentry, farming and domestic services.

The drawings indicated that children had adult facial characteristics and adult body proportionates, the only thing that set them apart was the size.

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau - Romantic Naturalism

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau - Romantic Naturalism

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He believed that human nature was essentially good and pure and should be allowed to develop freely. Learning takes place best when child is free to develop and grow according to his natural impulses.

Education should preserve the child's goodness and the best way to do this is through natural objects. He has said "Everything is good in the hands of Nature; but everything degenerates in the hands of man."

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Adam contains all of humanity & in Adam all of sinned. Widely assumed in the 17th century.

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The mind is a blank slate at birth. Experience, in that all our knowledge is founded.

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Locke's theory was that ideas are learned, when a child is born they are born with a blank slate. (tabula rasa) He also thought that a person develops through experience/the environment, this is most pliable in the early years.
He also believed that we develop through repetition, associations, imitations, rewards and punishment.