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- Before 400 BC
- Main thinkers: Hedonists, Skeptics, and Stoics

There were different main ideas in this period depending on which group. The Hedonists believed that physical pleasure was the way to having a good life. The skeptics were always uncertain about everything and did not think that someone could actually know what was good. The Stoics thought that to have a good life, you had to use logic and reason.

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- Between the 400s and 300s BC
- Main thinkers: Aristotle and Plato

These men, like the stoics that came before, them believed that reason was the way to live. Through reason, they discovered that there was one God and happiness came from him. They believed that the road map of life was made through virtue and fee will, making decisions, which involved thinking about the truths of God. They created this line of thinking which is called Eudaimonia.

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- Between 0 and 1200 AD
- Main thinkers: Thomas Aquinas

While Jesus was alive, he committed many virtuous acts, this showed people that all levels of happiness are good, but they must keep each other in check in order to advance virtue. Throughout Thomas Aquinas' writings, he continuously links Aristotle, Plato, and Christ to his teachings. Dogmatists were those who continued these teachings but did not know why they upheld them.

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- During the 1500s
- Main thinkers: those who lived during this period

Throughout the modern period, there started to be a great divide between the rest of the world and religion and authority. People started to reject religion and authority. This caused a great shift between deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning. The main reason being that people no longer wanted to continue the teachings through out history, but instead drifted from them.

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- During the 1600s
- Main thinkers: Rene Descartes

Rene Descartes tries to bring back the Church and religion by using the new form of thinking, inductive reasoning. He called his method "Methodical Doubt". He because a big skeptic and doubts everything that is not certain to him. Therefore, the only thing that he knows is certain is that he thinks. This creates the "Mind-World" problem. This problem is, what is more real, the intellect, or the materialistic things of the world. "Mind-World" creates to even more uncertainty about morality.

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- During the 1700s
- Main thinkers: Immanuel Kant

Kant agrees with the ideas that Descartes expressed. He further fathomed it and came up with, "what if my mind is perceiving things incorrectly?" He questions Descartes statement about "Mind-World". He begins the decline to relativism by distinguishing the world itself and what the world looks like to me.

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- During 1800s
- Main thinkers: Frederich Nietsche

He goes further with what Kant had to say. He believed that if there is no objective truth, because there is no "world itself", then there is no set morality, because everyone will look at morality differently. Clarifying that happiness comes from our nature urges, such as the urge of power. He states that power makes right.

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- During 1900s
- Main thinkers: Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin, and Benito Mussolini

During this time, because of Nietsche's "Might equals right" certain men try and take over the world, using power, and are doing in their own sense of good and truth. With their power, they make their thoughts on morality, value/truths/morals, forces on societies.

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- Started in 1940s
- Main thinkers: those who lived during this time period

Since the totalitarianisms, during this period, people become uncertain to if their is any meaning to life. The believe that because there is no "ultimate meaning", mainly because of what Kant thought, then they must try to find the meaning in their own life. Relativism is getting even stronger because now people think that like the past few, that it doesn't matter what you do, as long as you are pleased by it.

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- The present
- Main thinkers: Us

We have now drifted to the though that there is no correct way to live our lives. We think that as long as we don't get in each others way , then everything is fine. Society now believes that the difference between right and wrong is individually determined.