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lipids and carbohydrates they both consist of organic compounds.
-lipids have energy 2.25 more than carbohydrates.
-lipids are nonpolar but carbohydrates are polar
DIfferent groups that fall under lipids

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lipids and carbohydrates they both consist of organic compounds.
-lipids have energy 2.25 more than carbohydrates.
-lipids are nonpolar but carbohydrates are polar
DIfferent groups that fall under lipids

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compare and contrast  carbohydrates and lipids Abdullah N

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compare and contrast  carbohydrates and lipids Abdullah N

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1) Lipid molecule contain more energy than carbohydrates
2) Carbohydrates are stored as glycogen in animals while lipids are stored as fats
3) carbohydrates are stored as cellulose and lipids as oils

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1) lipid molecules contain more energy per gram than carbohydrates and
carbohydrates  are stored as glycogen in animals while lipid are stored as fats and carbohydrates are stored as cellulose and lipids as oil and lipid molecule contain more energy than carbohydrates
2) a lipid is a biomolecule that is soluble in nonpolar solvents and This in turn plays an important role in the structure and function of cell

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* Compare and contrast carbohydrates and lipids.
Carbohydrates:
- are composed of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen atoms.
- are polar (one end will be more electronegative than the other end).
- are soluble in water.
- contain monosaccharides (monomers that form a carbohydrate).
- carbohydrates release 4 calories of energy per gram.
- Examples: sugars, starch, and cellulose (fibers).
- Function: supply energy for cell processes; form plant structures; short-term energy structure.

Lipids:
- are composed of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and phosphorus atoms.
- are nonpolar.
- are insoluble in water.
- contain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (monomers that form a lipid).
- lipids release 9 calories of energy per gram.
- Examples: fats, oils, phospholipids, waxes, steroids, and cholesterol.
- Function: stores large amounts of long-term energy; form boundaries around cells (cell membrane).

Similarities:
- both are composed of of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen atoms in their backbones.
- both have ring structures (lipids, sometimes, have straight chain structures).
- lipids have 2.25 times more energy than carbohydrates. (DIFFERENCE)
- both are sources of energy to carry out major cell processes.

* Explain the structure and function of each subcategory that fall under lipids.
- Fats and oils: Fats and oils are made up of individual molecules called fatty acids. They're chains made of carbon and hydrogen atoms that have a carboxyl group at one end and a methyl group at the other. Carboxyl groups contain one carbon atom, one hydrogen atoms, and two oxygen atoms, and methyl groups include one carbon atom and three hydrogen atoms. The carbon atoms in the fatty acid molecules are linked by single or double bonds. Fats and oils helps protect the organ systems in the human body. It is used for secretion, absorption, and mostly protection.

- Phospholipids: A phospholipid is a lipid that consists of glycerol, two fatty acids: a saturated fatty acid that consists of a single covalent bond, and an unsaturated fatty acid that consists of many covalent bonds (double, triple, etc…), and a phosphate group. The fatty acids make up the “tails.” The polar head of a phospholipid is soluble in water, or hydrophilic, which means “water-loving.” The nonpolar tails are insoluble in water, or hydrophobic, which means “water-fearing.” When phospholipids are placed in a watery environment, they arrange themselves in two layers. The hydrophilic phosphate heads face outside, and the hydrophobic tails face the inside, away from the water. Cell membranes are made up of a double layer of phospholipids. The polar heads face the outside of the membrane, and the nonpolar tails face the inside of the membrane. Since some of the molecules that need to pass through the membrane are polar, nonpolar tails of the phospholipids would normally repel them. Proteins in the membrane create “passageways” that allow both polar and nonpolar molecules to pass from one side to the other. So, the protein channels that are between the phospholipids in the cell membrane prevent water molecules from dissolving with the soluble phosphate heads and also prevent these water molecules to repel against the nonpolar tails of the phospholipids. Phospholipids protect the cell using the cell membrane, which control what enters and leaves the cell.

- Waxes: Their strongly hydrophobic nature allows them to function as water repellents on the leaves of some plants, on feathers, and on the cuticles of certain insects. Waxes also serve as energy-storage substances in plankton (microscopic aquatic plants and animals) and in higher members of the aquatic food chain.

- Steroids: A steroid is a biologically active organic compound with four rings arranged in a specific molecular configuration. Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes which alter membrane fluidity; and as signaling molecules.

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compare and contrast  carbohydrates and lipids  bader q

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compare and contrast  carbohydrates and lipids  bader q

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lipids : more energy per gram than carbohydrates
2-much metabolic water is produced in oxidation
3-not quickly digested
4-insoluble
carbohydrates:less energy per gram
2-less water produced during oxidation
3-sugar are so soluble in water
4-easily hydrolyzed

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Fares 10A      Compare and contrast carbohydrates and lipids     

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Fares 10A      Compare and contrast carbohydrates and lipids     

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Carbohydrates are more abundant, they contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, they require less energy to be broken, and they do not have vitamins, lipids are less abundant, they contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with extra nitrogen and sulfur, lipids require more energy, and they have vitamins. Both have a ring structure and they both contain oxygen.

List the different groups that fall under lipids. Specify the function of each.

Fats protects our vital organs and store energy, oils are viscous liquids that happens in fruits or seeds, steroids immunes functions, and controls metabolism, and waxes serve as energy storage.

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Yousef Atef- compare and contrast lipids and carbohydrates

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Yousef Atef- compare and contrast lipids and carbohydrates

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-lipids and carbohydrates they both consist of organic compounds.
-lipids have energy 2.25 more than carbohydrates.
-lipids are nonpolar but carbohydrates are polar
DIfferent groups that fall under lipids:
fats-oils-steroids-phospholipids
Their functions:
fats and oils: Store energy, insulate us and protect our vital organs
Steroids: help control metabolism and immune functions
Phospholipids: provide barriers in cellular membranes to protect the cell

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Bader Hussein Hayati - Compare Contrast Carbohydrates and lipids 

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Bader Hussein Hayati - Compare Contrast Carbohydrates and lipids 

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Lipids:
- 9 calories of energy per gram of energy is generated
- lipids are non-polar
- insoluble in water
- lipids consist of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid

Carbohydrate
- 4 calories of energy per gram of energy is generated
- carbohydrates are polar
- soluble in water
- carbohydrates consist of glucose

Similarity:
- both carbohydrates and lipids are an important energy source
- both are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
- both contain ring structures

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Compare and contrast carbohydrates and lipids.
Lipids:
Lipid molecules contain more energy per gram than carbohydrates about twice as much.
Lipids are Non-polar or not soluble in water.
Lipids contain organic compounds.
Lipids have a ring stucture.

Carbohydrates:
carbohydrates are stored as glycogen in animals while lipids are stored as fats.
Carbohydrates are polar or soluble in water .
Carbohydrates contain organic compounds.
carbohydrates have a ring structure.

List:
Fats
oil
Waxe
steriods

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I have two applications of super-absorbent polymer (SAP):
1. It can be used in diapers that can absorb water.
2. It can also be used in plants that can absorb water. This increases the benefit of agriculture. Since plants need water as a basic need, we can use this substance to increase its endurance due to the lack of water, or when water is not abundant for it to perform photosynthesis, and release carbon dioxide for humans to use in the process of cellular respiration.

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The plastic is non biodegradable because it is not easily decomposed

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Plastic is non-biodegradable because it can't be decomposed or broken down easily, since it is made from synthetic materials (polyethylene). To solve such a problem we can use materials, or monomers, that make up the polymer, that can be easily broken down and decomposed, or in other words, neutralized from synthetic substances.

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why do you think most of plastics are not biodegrade ?
Peptide bonds, which are present carbon to nitrogen, are found in proteins and many other organic molecules. Environmentalists might wonder why plastic manufacturers don't use peptide bonds to build polymers rather than carbon-carbon bonds, so that they'll biodegrade rather than lasting forever in a landfill

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A polymer is a substance is which has a molecular structure built up completely from a large number of similar units bonded together

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Rashid Ahmad Allafi- Bader Hayati- Yousef- Abdulrahman 10A

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Rashid Ahmad Allafi- Bader Hayati- Yousef- Abdulrahman 10A

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Polymer: a carbon-based chemical substance that consists of macromolecules that are formed from units bonded together in long, repeated chains. A polymer consists of monomers that soon make up a complex substance called a polymer. Polymers have many unique properties, and might be either man-made or naturally occurring.

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Mousa abdullah N fares abdullah (group nkunku)

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Mousa abdullah N fares abdullah (group nkunku)

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Polymer is a macromolecule built from units with similar units bonded

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Lesson 2.2- Carbon Based Molecules.

1- What is a POLYMER?

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2- Why do you think most of plastics are not biodegradable? what could you propose to solve such a problem?

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3- What could be an application of Super-absorbent Powder (SAP) ? Explain