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أغرب 10 جسور في العالم " لن تصدق أنها موجودة "

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You’d know what a draw bridge is if you attended our camp!

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You’d know what a draw bridge is if you attended our camp!

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Templates for children to work on paper cities projects during quarantine/lockdown

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If you think you're bored being stuck at home all day, think about all the children that can't go to school or go outside to play with their friends. However, British architecture studio Foster + Partners found a way to keep children entertained during the lockdown. They have released a series of paper building templates that kids can print out, color and use to build their own paper cities to keep themselves busy. The studio even encourages children to share their own creations on social media using the #architecturefromhome hashtag!

"Over the next few weeks we will be sharing new activities for children whilst at home, away from school. We'll include drawing, making, playing, thinking, reading, watching and other activities to keep them entertained - for at least a few hours!" writes the studio.

More info: Foster + Partners | Instagram | Twitter | h/t: Dezeen

Architecture studio Foster + Partners came up with a creative way to keep children occupied during the lockdown

In an interview with Dezeen, Katy Harris, a senior partner at Foster + Partners, said that the recent lockdown offered the studio an opportunity to create a number of online initiatives that educate and entertain the children that cannot attend school as well as support their parents.

They released a series of templates that kids can print out, color, and fold to create paper cities

Katy says that the studio's initiative is a "chance for all of us to have some fun and learn at the same time".

The studio encourages children to share their creations using the #architecturefromhome hashtag

"How about drawing the future architect and the most fantastical skyscraper ever designed!" writes the studio in their latest Twitter post. "This is so much fun and the whole family can play."

Foster + Partners released templates for a skyscraper, houses and even a tutorial on how to draw trees like an architect.

So far the studio released templates for a skyscraper, some houses...

Katy says that the studio has tried to engage children in activities that are both practical and thought-provoking.

The studio's main aim was to get children to ask questions about their surroundings and start thinking about the environment they built.

Even though the activities are aimed at children up to 12 years of age, everyone can join in on the fun. "From the responses we are getting, even older children are taking something from these activities," said Katy. "The broad appeal means that anyone can develop them into something bigger and better."

...as well as a worksheet showing how to draw trees

Katy says that so far the response has been "absolutely fantastic" and "a bit overwhelming". The studio received emails from all over the world, including Canada, Spain, Italy, Australia and Cambodia. "We are glad to be able to brighten someone's day or kindle their creativity in some ways - stay tuned for many more fun activities!" concluded Katy.

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This Architecture Studio Released A Series Of Templates Children Can Use To Create Paper Cities During Lockdown | DeMilked

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If you think you're bored being stuck at home all day, think about all the children that can't go to school or go outside to play with their friends. However, British architecture studio Foster + Partners found a way to keep children entertained during the lockdown.

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Learning to sew: it's about the process!

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Learning to sew: it's about the process!

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Amazing bridge designs around the world 

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Amazing bridge designs around the world 

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"Here are 12 bridges we just can’t get over."

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As a child growing up on the Eastern Shore of Maryland, crossing a big bridge meant entering a portal to a new world. The majestic, dual-span Chesapeake Bay Bridge and the 23-mile-long Chesapeake Bay Bridge Tunnel were our two main routes off of the rural shore towards "real cities" and airports with more than two gates. But they were also a trip in themselves- a chance to spot bottlenose dolphins and peregrine falcons, a chance to see both our home, and our destination, from a new, brave perspective.

Here are 12 bridges we just can't get over.

If you're in for a little mischief...
Die Rakotzbrücke: Kromlau Park, Kromlau, Germany
Commissioned by Friedrich Hermann Rötschke in 1860, Rakotzbrücke's perfect parabola and basalt spires make it a legendary "devil's bridge." According to Rakotzbrücke's myth, the builder crossed the finished bridge, sacrificing himself in exchange for the devil's help. Board the Muskau Forest Railway to visit during spring rhododendron bloom.

You can also visit other devil's bridges in Switzerland, Bulgaria, Italy, Wales, France, England, Spain and Arizona.

If you're a nature lover...
Living Root Bridge: Nongriat, India
Nongriat, India is one of the world's wettest places-a jungle of waterfalls, beehives, and betel nut trees. For hundreds of years local Khasi have dealt with seasonal river surges by weaving living footbridges out of Indian rubber tree roots. Umshiang, a double-decker (soon to be triple-decker) root bridge is expected to survive several hundred years and can support the weight of 50 people at once.

If physics is your favorite subject...
Rolling Bridge: London, England
Completed in 2004, Heatherwick Studio's Rolling Bridge provides access to the Grand Union Canal in London's Paddington Basin. The bridge's eerily quiet hydraulics were inspired by Stan Winston's animatronic dinosaur tails from the film Jurassic Park. The shiny steel beams of nearby Paddington Fan Bridge mimic a Japanese fan as they cantilever open to boat traffic every Wednesday and Friday at noon.

To see other unexpected designs, visit Netherland's Moses Bridge, Beijing's Lucky Knot Bridge, and the infamous " Blinking Eye."

If you're not afraid of heights...
Inca Rope Bridge: Akpurimac River, Peru
Q'eswachaka, one of the last surviving Inca rope bridges, has spanned 124 feet across the Akpurimac canyon for more than 500 years. Every June, local bridge builders, Eleuterio Callo Tapia, Victoriana Arizapana, and their neighbors, gather to untie the existing bridge and weave a new one out of local ishu grass. The ancient bridge-building ritual is then celebrated with traditional song and dance.

If you're on two wheels...
Webb Bridge: Docklands, Melbourne, Australia
If you like long walks in the sky...
Charles Kuonen Suspension Bridge: Zermatt, Switzerland
At 1,620 feet long, the Charles Kuonen Suspension Bridge in Zermatt is the longest suspension footbridge in the world. Fairytale-worthy views of the Matterhorn may just be enough to distract you from the 278-foot drop between you and the valley floor.
Bridge of Sighs: Rio di Palazzo, Venice, Italy
Poets, painters, and opera singers have swooned over Ponte dei Sispori, Venice's Bridge of Sighs, for centuries. And gondoliers claim that kissing below the bridge during sunset, as the bells of St. Mark's toll, is a surefire recipe for everlasting love. The connecting palace offers tours through the bridge with blue-lagoon views of San Giorgio Maggiore. Kayak the Rio di Palazzo beneath the bridge to see its 17 th-century limestone mascarons, ornately carved masks meant to ward off evil spirits.

Other starry-eyed bridge strolls: the Si-o-se-pol Bridge in Iran, the Yeojwacheon Romance Bridge in South Korea, and the geranium-flooded 17 th-century frescoes of Kapellbrücke in Lucerne, Switzerland.

If you love a little "suspense"...
Golden Gate Bridge: San Francisco
Over three million vehicles cross San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge every month. Skip the bus-fumy bridge sidewalk and opt for a bird's-eye view of the mountain-high suspension bridge from Hawk Hill's new trail, complete with easier slopes, new signage, and new guard rails. Or whale watch while lounging on a deck trampoline as you sail beneath the bridge at sunset.
Henderson Waves Bridge: Singapore
Steel and local Balau wood curve together to form the spectacular Henderson Waves, the highest pedestrian bridge in Singapore. The bridge connects Telok Blangah Hill Park and Mount Faber Park as a part of the six-mile-long Southern Ridges walk. Visit the bridge at sunrise for less crowds and excellent birdwatching, including a chance to see the rare black baza.

If you're in for an adventure...
Pont du Gard: Vers-Pont-du-Gard, France
Arching over the Gardon River halfway between Nîmes and Uzès sits the massive Pont du Gard, a limestone aqueduct built by the Romans roughly 2,000 years ago. Visit in summer for a leisurely paddle and afternoon swim, then wind your way past a 1,000-year-old olive tree on the way to Les Terraces for a sunset glass of Clairette.

Want more than a calm kayak? Visit Bosnia's Stari Most for diving, Sydney Harbor Bridge for climbing, and Skypark Sochi for skybridge walks and bungee-jumping.

If you're a history buff...
Edmund Winston Pettus Bridge: Selma, Alabama
On March 7, 1965, 600 voting rights activists, led by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., began marching across Selma's Edmund Pettus Bridge towards Montgomery, Alabama. Due to the bridge's design, they couldn't see the violent counter-protestors waiting for them on the other side. And when that obstacle did appear, they marched forward anyway. Two weeks later, the march began again, successfully, with not 600, but more than 3,000 marchers. The annual Selma Bridge Crossing Jubilee honors this historic moment of bravely moving forward even when the end is unknown.

Other bridges that have made their mark on history are: Turkey's Taşköprü, West Virginia's Philippi Covered Bridge, Israel's Ad Halom, and Spain's Alcántara.

If you like to up your steps on vacation...
Stepping stone bridge: Fenghuang, China
A traditional dingbu bridge, made of cut and sunken stones, stretches across the Tuojiang River in China's Phoenix Ancient Town. Further up the river sits the Ming-dynasty Hongqiao, a lantern-strung, three-arch stone pavilion bridge. Its second-level teahouse offers comfy rattan chairs and unbeatable river views of diaojiaolou stilt houses, dragon boat racing, and, sometimes, some rather startled ducks.

This list was compiled with the help of structural and civil engineers, Mark R. Cruvellier and Stephen Ressler. Cait Etherton is a Virginia-based writer and frequent contributor to National Geographic Travel. Follow her journey on Twitter.

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As a child growing up on the Eastern Shore of Maryland, crossing a big bridge meant entering a portal to a new world. The majestic, dual-span Chesapeake Bay Bridge and the 23-mile-long Chesapeake Bay Bridge Tunnel were our two main routes off of the rural shore towards "real cities" and airports with more than two gates.

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Venice Has Fined the Architect Santiago Calatrava $86,000 for Building a Bridge That—Oops—Can't Handle Tourists

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The Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava, who is no stranger to lawsuits arising from his ambitious designs, has been ordered to pay a €78,000 ($86,000) fine to the city of Venice for "macroscopic negligence" in constructing a bridge over its famous Grand Canal.

Italian authorities have ordered the 68-year-old architect to pay the fine because his high-maintenance, glass-and-steel bridge near Venice's train station is unable to withstand the wear and tear of the thousands of tourists using it every day.

Rome's court of auditors said that the architect failed to account for the number of tourists, many dragging wheeled luggage, who would be crossing the Ponte della Costituzione. This is negligent, the court said, because it is something "everyone understands" about the floating city, according to the New York Times .

The court responsible for the use of public funds issued the ruling against the architect on August 6. It found that Calatrava should have foreseen the problems that arose with his futuristic bridge, given the number of tourists arriving in the city every day.

Calatrava completed the prestigious commission in 2008. Originally forecast to cost €7 million ($7.7 million), the bridge's budget ultimately rose to €11.6 million ($12.8 million). Eight of the glass panels on its steps, which were only meant to be replaced every 20 years, have already needed to be restored at a cost of €36,000 ($40,000). The steps also become slippery when it rains, causing people to fall, which also raises the risk to the glass panels (not to mention those crossing the bridge).

Venice originally sued Calatrava for negligence over the bridge in 2014, but he prevailed in a lower court, arguing that the bridge had deteriorated early because the dragging of wheeled suitcases across it constituted "incorrect use" of the structure. The case went to the higher court in Rome after the city appealed this ruling. It won based on the bridge's location near Venice's train station, making the impact caused by wheeled suitcases "inevitable."

Calatrava's studio did not immediately respond to a request for comment. The architect-engineer has built bridges in cities from Dallas to Bilbao. Several of his other projects have had highly publicized problems, including the leaky Oculus, part of his transport hub at the World Trade Center in New York. In 2014, Valencia sued Calatrava for the crumbling roof of the Opera House at the Palau de les Arts exhibition complex in the Spanish city.

Venice spends around €41 million ($45 million) each year to keep the city clean, remove waste, and maintain its banks, bridges, and cultural heritage, according to a statement from the city council. The municipality of Venice recently announced that it would be introducing an additional tax at the end of the year, aimed at day-trippers who come to the city on cruise ships but avoid the existing tourist tax because they do not stay overnight on shore.

Want to stay ahead of the art world? Subscribe to our newsletter to get the breaking news, eye-opening interviews, and incisive critical takes that drive the conversation forward.

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Venice Has Fined the Architect Santiago Calatrava $86,000 for Building a Bridge That-Oops-Can't Handle Tourists

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The Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava, who is no stranger to lawsuits arising from his ambitious designs, has been ordered to pay a €78,000 ($86,000) fine to the city of Venice for "macroscopic negligence" in constructing a bridge over its famous Grand Canal.

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History of algebra, algorithms, and Hindu-Arabic numerals 

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The surprisingly ancient origin story of the algorithm

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Balloon Hovercraft 🎈

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Enjoy games and flashcards of camp vocab here

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Start studying Little Engineers. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.

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West Point Bridge Designer - WPBD Bridge Design Contest 2016 Software
https://www.cesdb.com/west-point-bridge-designer.html 

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West Point Bridge Designer - WPBD Bridge Design Contest 2016 Software
https://www.cesdb.com/west-point-bridge-designer.html 

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West Point Bridge Designer - WPBD Bridge Design Contest 2016 Software
https://www.cesdb.com/west-point-bridge-designer.html

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West Point Bridge Designer - WPBD Bridge Design Contest 2016 Software
https://www.cesdb.com/west-point-bridge-designer.html

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The DIY Girls

How 12 teens invented a solar-powered tent for the homeless

by Brittany Levine Beckman

The DIY Girls

How 12 teens invented a solar-powered tent for the homeless

by Brittany Levine Beckman

As Daniela Orozco picks off excess plastic bordering a 3D-printed box, she recalls how many homeless people she saw on her way to school when she was a high school freshman.

Just one.

Four years later, the number has multiplied. People live on a main thoroughfare near the school, at a nearby park, and below the off-ramps and bridges in her hometown of San Fernando, which is about 20 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles. In the San Fernando Valley, homelessness increased 36% to 7,094 people last year, according to the Los Angeles Homeless Services Agency's annual count. Daniela and her friends wanted to help, but giving money wasn't an option.

"Because we come from low-income families ourselves, we can't give them money," the high school senior says.

"We wanted to offer something besides money," her classmate, Veronica Gonzalez, chimes in.

That was the starting point for their invention: a solar-powered tent that folds up into a rollaway backpack. The girls and 10 others from their high school had never done any hands-on engineering work before, but with the help of YouTube, Google, and trial-and-error, they got it done.

They hope that one day, their tent will improve the lives of people experiencing homelessness in their community.

The teen girls from San Fernando High School worked on their invention over the course of a year. Come June 16, they'll present it at MIT as part of a young inventors conference. The teens, none of whom had coded, soldered, sewn, or 3D-printed before they joined forces, won a $10,000 grant from the Lemelson-MIT Program to develop the invention.

They were recruited by DIY Girls, a nonprofit that teaches girls from low-income communities about engineering, math, and science, to go after the grant.

"I knew I wanted to apply for it, but I needed a team," says Evelyn Gomez, 29, the executive director of DIY Girls. "I went back to my calculus teacher at my high school and did a hands-on recruitment activity."

Most of the girls didn't know each other before, but they quickly became close friends.

When DIY Girls was founded in 2012, the nonprofit worked with 35 girls in one elementary school classroom. Last year, it served 650 girls in elementary, middle, and high schools throughout Los Angeles County. The small nonprofit even keeps a waitlist because demand for its services is so high.

Hands-on STEM education at schools, especially for girls in low-income communities, is severely lacking, Evelyn says. Women make up just 29% of the science and engineering workforce, according to the National Science Board, a federal agency. Around 6% of female working scientists and engineers are Hispanic or Latina.

I was often the only girl in the class and definitely the only Latina in the class. It felt like kind of imposter syndrome.

Here's what our DIY Girls #InvenTeam was up to over Spring Break. #inthistogether @LemelsonMIT pic.twitter.com/rqQWWMDpzn
- DIY Girls (@DIYGirls) April 18, 2017

"I studied aerospace engineering. When I was getting my master's degree, I was often the only girl in the class and definitely the only Latina in the class. It felt like kind of imposter syndrome," says Evelyn, who got her master's from UCLA. "It's such a farfetched idea: You're going to represent the Latina community in a bad light if you ask a stupid question or you're going to represent women in a bad light if you ask a stupid question, and of course that's not true. But I felt that."

And she doesn't want the girls working on the tent to ever feel that way. None of their parents are engineers. Some of them will be the first in their families to go to college.

In the beginning, the team depended on Evelyn for guidance, but they quickly started doing everything on their own. If they had an issue with a solar panel not functioning properly, they watched YouTube videos. If they couldn't figure out a stitch pattern, they Googled it. The girls even developed their own inspirational hashtag: #wegetitdone.

If your parents miss X amount of bills, you can fall into homelessness, too.

"You're learning new things you've never even heard of or even thought of," says Chelly Chavez, who learned the programming language C++ to get the technical aspects of the tent to behave. The tent has button-powered lights, two USB ports, a micro-USB port, and the girls have even tested a sanitizing UVC light on a countdown timer.

"We're just like, 'how do we do this,' 'how do we do this,'" notes Prinsesa Alvarez as she helps Chelly with a mess of wires during a recent team meeting.

The girls work on their project six days a week, getting together even through their winter and spring breaks. They often come home after hours of sewing to find loose needles falling off their clothes. They made two prototypes of the tent, but the first one is now in shreds. They put it through the ringer during quality control tests, tearing it with a knife, dousing it with water, and stomping on it.

"When they were hitting it, my heart dropped," says Paulina Martinez as she stitches one of the tent's edges. They destroyed their finished product, just to start again. It was yet another tough engineering lesson the girls would learn.

Before settling on their tent idea, the team had tossed out other options. They wondered: What could they do about pollution or water quality? But they realized they wanted to invent something that would help their community more directly.

"Because we live here, we see it growing constantly," Maggie Mejia says of the homeless population. For her, it even hits close to home: "If your parents miss X amount of bills, you can fall into homelessness, too."

Maggie and the others don't have concrete plans for the future of their invention after the MIT presentation, but they hope it could eventually be mass-produced.

The $10,000 grant from the Lemelson-MIT Program could only be used on the invention itself, not traveling to Cambridge, Massachusetts, to present the award. So DIY Girls fundraised an additional $15,000 to send the team to MIT, an expense the girls' families couldn't otherwise bear.

But they've made it, and it's a success story that could make a really big impact. Already featured by local TV stations and Ryan Seacrest on his morning radio show, the team wants their accomplishment to encourage other girls to pursue STEM careers.

"Me and her, we're the only two junior girls in our AP Calculus class, which has way more guys than girls," says Paola Valtierra, pointing to Kassandra Salazar, who dreams of being an astronaut and has a tiny, metal one on her keychain. "But we're gonna change that."

Author

Brittany Levine Beckman

Social Good Editor

Matt Petronzio

Deputy Managing Editor

Kate Sommers-Dawes

Photographer

Scott Witter

Photo Editor

Haley Hamblin

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All-girl engineer team invents solar-powered tent for the homeless

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The DIY Girls How 12 teens invented a solar-powered tent for the homeless by Brittany Levine Beckman The DIY Girls How 12 teens invented a solar-powered tent for the homeless by Brittany Levine Beckman As Daniela Orozco picks off excess plastic bordering a 3D-printed box, she recalls how many homeless people she saw on her way to school when she was a high school freshman.

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WHAT IS THE PROBLEM THAT NEEDS TO BE SOLVED? 

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WHAT IS THE PROBLEM THAT NEEDS TO BE SOLVED? 

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WHO HAS THE PROBLEM THAT NEEDS TO BE SLOVED?

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WHO HAS THE PROBLEM THAT NEEDS TO BE SLOVED?

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Learning about materials in the engineering process.

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Learning about materials in the engineering process.

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Learning about materials in the engineering process.

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Learning about materials in the engineering process.