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The recent significant drop in West African cocoa production is the most serious challenge I have seen in many years.

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Lack of access to finance at farmgate

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data collection, digital transformation, cost of sensors

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availability of stock

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Diseases and longer drought periods than normal

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public policies and incentives

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No price regulation for producers, change in production patterns, due to unusual periods of rain and drought

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Hi tech introduction to the crop...

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Totally unpredictable weather - no "normal years" any more

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yes

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Lack of investment on preventive research

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Funding and coordination.

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Access to finance

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Finance and lack of access to mechanised labour

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funding

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Conceptualization. We ought to explore ways to promote cocoa production that is environmentally sustainable and climate-friendly to slow down climate change.

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Infrastructure/support to facilitate farmer uptake of innovations

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High climate instability

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climate change

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No farm services ecosystem at farm level

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political instability

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Lack of technology... genetic selection, irrigation, drainage, fertilization...

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Funding for farmer education

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I am not

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Price for the produce

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Yes there, but most reseach on preliminary level, not in the field, under real conditions

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Mechanization of Cocoa farming

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Mabang

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No

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Lack of research and development in West African countries to address climate elated issues targeting both biotic and abiotic stresses.

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Only fertilization.

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lack of farmer's education and misinformation

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Not aware

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vermiculture

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Pest and disease, inadequate knowledge on approved chemicals to use, climate change

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Bulky

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Limited research in climate smart cocoa. Probably because of lack of funding

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Grow output with same land footprint. e.g. Maintaining/increasing yields without converting forests into new farms.

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There are many people screening for different aspects of climate change, but to my knowlege, not as part o a well planned breeding strategy

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not at the moment

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soil degradation is the biggest challenge in the cocoa industry in Ghana.

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Use of advanced technologies to combat climate resilience, lack of availability of climate-smart technologies reaching farmers fields. From Nigeria.

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climate change which drop of production

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Availability of biomass for production organic amendment and the application rate of organic amendments

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has the specialist from Ghana any view on the idea that serious disruption of pollination,perhaps caused by a combo of high temps and extensive use of chemicals,is a principal factor behind the recent production decline

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Lack of knowledge on genetic tolerance to climate variability and difficulty to identify the appropriate traits to work on (tolerance to drougth, tolerance to excess of water...)

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Adequate training of farmers on how to adapt and combat climate change

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Regionwise agro climatic situations

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Limited access to suitable technologies to help farmers adopt organic amendments -Ghana

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misaligned incentives

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mountain microorganisms and biol

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Lack of technologies, lack of training, lack of research on the formulations and amendments.

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Lack of knowledge

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none as of yet

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Lack of training and information

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Lack of knowledge on appropriate methods for safe use

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Monitoring of the micro element in farm, . Nigeria

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high labor cost to apply. long term return on investment

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Unpredictable rainfall patterns and rising temperatures affect cocoa yields.

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We are using organic amendments

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Further research on planting models with cocoa varieties that respond to climate change.

Lack of knowledge of variables that favor cocoa resistance to climate change.

Update planting distances in cocoa and forestry.

Greater knowledge of the interaction between cocoa and different forest species. This will require 20 years of data.

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Availability of markets to supply farmers with organic amendments

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Central America : CATIE

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Fertilisation, use of biochar

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There may be breeding programs but these may not be appropriately funded to develop climate-resilient disease-free or tolerant varieties.

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Not fully developed yet

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1. Climate change issues 2. Inadequate farm land for cocoa production 2. Pilfering and insecurity 3. Lack of irrigation facilities for cocoa during dry season 4. Inability to meet high demand of hybrid cocoa materials.

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Yes.

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Labour costs/profitability- in Trinidad

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I heard lots of discussion on chicken manure (Ghana) but not sure how well it has been tested against standard fertilisers. And unclear if availability/logistics is sufficient to meet potential demand.

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Transporting the large quantities of organic amendments needed to the farm is difficult

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There probably are but these will need to be screened in hot spots or in multi-locations to test for their tolerance/resistance. There are several advanced technologies available now which can be deployed in cocoa.

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Global cocoa prices fluctuate due to market forces, affecting farmers’ income stability.

Farmers still live in poverty despite Côte d'Ivoire being the world’s largest cocoa producer.

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In my opinion, the small holding size of majority of cocoa farmers in India disempowers them in accessing to resources for sustainable cocoa farming. Unless we empower them, the challenges will remain. Cocoa cooperative farming could be the way...any thoughts?

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Supply of irrigation water- In Trinidad

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Soil amendments can be expensive to apply and reapply (to mature trees)- In Trinidad

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In West Africa, mainly in Nigeria, majority of cocoa production is organic as there is not as much of fertilizer utilization. However, there are no specific organic formulations although some farmers do use vermicompost...

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Cocoa Research Centre- In Trinidad

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Climate change. Very unpredictable and severe weather

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India- Efforts are onto organic and natural farming measures

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Low yield and price

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I would love to know more about the breeding programmes that are focused on developing Germplasm resilient to Climate extremes.

Babatunde Olaitan P. (Nigeria)

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we found that combining chicken manure and NPK fertilizer gave similar yields to using just NPK fertilizer (Malaysia)

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Bullkiness of organic fertilizer is the major barrier to its use. I mean the quantity required per hectare to supply the needed nutrients is always very big and will be costly using several times per hectare.

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Coco pod husk based compost