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The Korean War happened from 1950 to 1953. After World War II Korea was split into two parts and North Korea became a communist country and South Korea which was democratic. In 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea to take control of the whole country. The United States along with other countries helped South Korea fight back because they didn’t want communism to spread. The war went back and forth but in the end, neither side won. The war ended in 1953 but no peace was signed. North and South Korea are still divided today.

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The Cuban Missile Crisis happened in 1962 when the Soviet Union put nuclear missiles in Cube close to the U.S. This led to a 13 day standoff between the U.S and the USSR. The U.S found out and stopped Soviet ships from bringing more missiles. In the end the Soviets took out the missiles and the U.S promised not to attack Cuba which helped the two countries talk better.

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The Vietnam War took place from 1955 to 1975 between North Vietnam and South Vietnam. North Vietnam wanted all of Vietnam to be a communist while the south wanted to stay free. The U.S joined the war to stop communism from spreading in the region. The war was very tough and went on for many many years. It was mainly fought in jungles and in villages. In 1973 the U.S pulled out of the war and North Vietnam took over South Vietnam in 1975 making the whole country communist.The war left many people hurt and divided.

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The space race was a race between the U.S and the Soviet Union to see who could explore space first. This started in 1957 when the soviet union sent up the first satellite,Sputnik. The Soviets were first to send a person Yuri Gagarin into space in 1961. The U.S followed with its own astronauts, Alan Shepard and John Glenn. The U.S won the biggest race landing astronauts on the moon in 1969. The first people to walk on the moon were Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. The space race made people more interested in space and science. It also helped in the U.S and Russia work together in space later on.

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In 1948 the Soviet Union closed all land routes to West Berlin in an attempt to force the Allies out of the city which was split into east and west after WWll. Planes flew in food,coal and other supplies for people living in West Berlin. More than 270,000 flights were made during the operation. The soviets ended the blockade in May 1949 because they realized the allies weren't going back down and West Berlin would survive. The Berlin Airlift showed the world that the allies would stand strong against the soviet union during the Cold War.

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 The Civil Rights Movement (1950s-1960s)

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 The Civil Rights Movement (1950s-1960s)

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The Civil Rights Movement was about African Americans and others wanting to be treated equally when it came to voting and being treated the same as white people. People like Martin Luther King Jr, Rosa Parks, and many more helped lead the movement. Martin Luther King Jr is famous for his peaceful protests. Before the movement there were many laws that kept black and white people apart in places like schools, buses, and restaurants. A famous protest was the March on Washington in 1963 where many people gathered to ask for jobs and freedom. The movement led to new laws like the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

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The Red Scare & McCarthyism (1940s-1950s)

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The Red Scare & McCarthyism (1940s-1950s)

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After World War II, many Americans were scared that communism would spread to the U.S and they worried that communists might try to take over the government. Senator McCarthy became known for accusing people of being communists without any proof. Many people like actors and workers were accused of being communists and because of this they couldn’t get jobs or had their careers ruined even if they weren’t guilty. Many had their lives damaged because of rumors. McCarthyism made people more scared and suspicious of others with different opinions and even after he was proven wrong. Fear of communism stayed in America for a long time.

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In 1959, Fidel Castro and his group took down Cuba's leader, Batista who was a dictator. After the revolution Fidel Castro became the leader and he wanted to help poor people and make things fairer. Castro’s government took land from rich people and gave it to poor farmers. They also took over businesses from other countries. The U.S. didn’t like that Cuba became a communist country. This caused many problems between the two countries. The revolution led to a communist government that lasted a long time. It also made things hard between Cuba and the U.S. for many years.

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On October 4 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first object made by humans to go around Earth and it was the size of a ball. The launch shocked many people especially in the U.S. It showed the Soviet Union was good at space stuff. After Sputnik was launched, the U.S. and the Soviet Union started a race to see who could do better in space and this was called the Space Race. Americans were worried that the Soviet Union was ahead of them in science so the U.S. worked harder to catch up. The launch of Sputnik led to many space missions like landing on the moon in 1969. It helped NASA and changed how countries thought about space.

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The U.S. and the Soviet Union began making more and more weapons during the Cold War. They both wanted to have the most power. The U.S. and the Soviet Union made bombs that could destroy entire cities and this scared many people. Both sides knew that if they used bombs the other side would fight back. This kept them from using them. Other countries like China and the UK also started making nuclear bombs and it made the risk of war bigger. The Arms Race made countries keep building weapons which led to rules about stopping more countries from getting nuclear bombs.