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Hildebrand, Katelyn. (2019). Reading With Fluency Strategies That Will Transform Your Readers. Katelyn’s learning Studio.

https://katelynslearningstudio.com/2019/12/reading-with-fluency/

Kristina. 2024.  Sweet for Kindergarten. 5 Simple Vocabulary Activities for Kindergarten

https://sweetforkindergarten.com/5-simple-vocabulary-activities-for-kindergarten/

Reading Rockets. 2024.  Phonics: In Practice.

https://www.readingrockets.org/reading-101/reading-101-learning-modules/course-modules/phonics/practice

Reading Rockets.  Phonological and Phonemic Awareness: Activities for Your Kindergartener 2024.

https://www.readingrockets.org/literacy-home/reading-101-guide-parents/your-kindergartener/phonological-and-phonemic-awareness

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Select a word from a story, making it word for the week, students can use that word to write a sentence each day, this helps to build the vocabulary. Vocabulary empowers students to read, write, and speak with confidence, learning a new word daily can improves the child comprehension, by adding it to a word map, they can also practice using the word with their peers and at home, the word can also be enforced by using a picture to identify the word, this allows storage into memory for future reading.

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Conduct a sound scavenger hunt using specific books, word organizers, digital games, this can be done in small groups or an entire class, where they are challenged to find words or objects with the same sound or a particular letter. Students find something that starts with the letter ‘d’ sound, dog, door, desk, drum.

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Encourage your child to make a list of words, especially the challenging ones, put together in flash cards, with the pronunciation and meaning, they can also add a sentence incorporating the word to indicate how to use it in sentence form.

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“This is a learning strategy where students work together to solve a problem or answer a question about an assigned reading,” (Reading Rocket, 2024). It is appropriate for small groups and the entire class setting and is used before and during the reading session. It helps students to think individually about a topic or answer to a question, teaches them to share ideas and learn from their peers, it also improves communication skill, it gives helps them to be engaged with their peers and to comprehend the reading material.

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Classroom Activity 1: Using a question-answer relationship (QAR)

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Classroom Activity 1: Using a question-answer relationship (QAR)

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This is a comprehension strategy which teaches students how to ask key questions about their reading, and how to find the answers to their questions in the text. The students can learn them by the answers to some of their questions that are already in the text, implying that readers should think and search for the answers. This strategy can be used individually, with small groups and with the entire class. It helps to improve students’ reading comprehension and inspires students to think creatively and work cooperatively while challenging them to use higher-level thinking skills.

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Parents can read aloud for and with children, using the expressions of the words in the text, engage them with your voice control and pronunciation of the words and sounds. Show them the distinction between slow reading and fluent reading sounds, this gives them an opportunity to make the distinction between the two.

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The more sight words a student learns and knows, it allows them to read confidently at a much better pace. This strategy the teacher can use cards with words put together in a binder, place on the wall accessible for students to refer to, it can be incorporated into group activity where students work together, then into small group, paired to quiz each other and individually.

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Teaching students how to enhance reading skills and promote fluency. In the classroom the teacher allows the students to read in small groups or the entire class, choosing a book or passage that they can read aloud in unison. It helps to motivate other students to become fluent readers, because they receive support from others, it also helps to improve the ability to read sight words fluently.

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Parents/guardians can help to improve a child’s vocabulary by setting aside time to read stories for and with the child, they can also use videos with reading material that would interest the child and capture their attention. The tools must be adequate to the child’s grade level and a little higher depending on the child’s ability and performance. This activity should be done daily, if not at least three times per week.

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Finding the missing word in the sentence. This activity is beneficial to reading comprehension and vocabulary development, this can be in group setting and individually. The teacher can introduce a new sentence by writing on the board, using a digital format, or using worksheets, leaving a blank space for the students to insert the missing word, they can be given clues using multiple choice, this gives them an opportunity to think and improves sentence formation.

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A fun learning activity for students to learn phonics at home, is incorporating it into play time, write words in their play area and having them walk or touch the letters along the way, sounding the words out when they have completed the spelling.

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The teacher creates a graphic organizer of words posted at specific location in the classroom, with words, such as rules with a silent E, vowel blends, example: teeth, feet, bee, sheep. This is a wonderful way to teach the importance of recognizing the sound in a word.

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A singing activity is a great way to introduce phonics to early learners, singing songs are both fun and a very effective way for the students to learn, the teacher can use an animated video pertaining to the song, they learn a wide variety of words, and is able to identify a person or place by name, sound.

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Introduce your child to identifying word families, these are sets of words that rhyme, starting with a simple example of, rat. Encourage the interaction by asking them to name all word sounds in the rat, family, such as: cat, mat, bat, sat. fat, chat. This helps to increase their understanding of recognizing sounds of words with similar spelling and increase word recognition and reading fluency.

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Use flashcards to practice words that have rhyming sounds, this can be done in the entire group setting, task cards can be used for smaller groups, like one-on-one, or cell groups within the class. Individual worksheets can be used for students to practice words independently.