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The Neolithic Revolution Begins - around 10,000 B.C

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The Neolithic Revolution Begins - around 10,000 B.C

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Parts of the world impacted:

Middle East(Fertile Crescent), China, Mesopotamia, and India.

Importance/impact:

The Neolithic Revolution changed how people lived by helping them settle in one place with farming. This led to things like better tools, wars, and art during the Bronze and Iron Ages, and it also brought different civilizations together through trade and victories.

Source:

“Neolithic Revolution.” HISTORY, 12 Jan. 2018, www.history.com/topics/pre-history/neolithic-revolution#:~:text=The%20Neolithic%20Revolution%20started%20around,also%20began%20to%20practice%20agriculture.

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Parts of the world impacted:

-Everywhere; Gunpowder has had a global impact.

-Specifically China and the Monk Empire.

Importance/impact:

-Revolutionized Warfare

-Industrial Revolution

-Modern Military Technology

-Social/Political Conflicts

Source:

Gunpowder: Origins in the East. www.brown.edu/Departments/Joukowsky_Institute/courses/13things/7687.html#:~:text=Gunpowder%3A%20Origins%20in%20the%20East&text=%E2%80%9CGunpowder%2C%E2%80%9D%20as%20it%20came,for%20a%20life%2Dextending%20elixir.

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The Battle of Thermopylae ends in defeat for the Greeks - 480 BCE

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The Battle of Thermopylae ends in defeat for the Greeks - 480 BCE

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Parts of the world impacted:

Central Greece

Importance/impact:

It showcased the bravery of the Greek forces, led by King Leonidas, in resisting the Persian invasion, even though they ultimately faced defeat.

Source:

Sommerville, Donald, and Kate Lohnes. “Battle of Thermopylae | Date, Location, and Facts.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 1 Apr. 2009, www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Thermopylae-Greek-history-480-BC.

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Parts of the world impacted:

-Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, Spain, India, and regions in the Middle East and Asia.

Importance/impact:

-It became a major world religion under Prophet Muhammad. Its spread through trade and conquests shaped diverse cultures and contributed to significant historical periods.

Sources:

Rahman, Fazlur, et al. “Islam | Religion, Beliefs, Practices, and Facts.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 5 Dec. 2023, www.britannica.com/topic/Islam.

---. www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/teach/muslims/timeline.html#:~:text=The%20start%20of%20Islam%20is,Islam%20throughout%20the%20Arabian%20peninsula.

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Spanish Reconquista Begins - around 710 C.E

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Spanish Reconquista Begins - around 710 C.E

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Parts of the world impacted:

-Kingdom of Grenada, Spain

Importance/impact:

-This event marked the end of Moorish rule in Spain, and those Muslims who didn't change their religion were forced to leave the country. This set a pattern for religious mistreatment that continued for many years.

Sources:

---. “Reconquista | Definition, History, Significance, and Facts.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 20 Oct. 2023, www.britannica.com/event/Reconquista.

“---.” HISTORY, 9 Feb. 2010, www.history.com/this-day-in-history/reconquest-of-spain.

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Parts of the world impacted:

-Western Europe, Byzantine Empire and Islamic Empire of Middle East and North Africa.

Importance/impact:

-The expensive and brutal fights among religious groups, especially those following the "people of the book" beliefs, made European Christians more powerful. This increased influence led to conflicts over land in the Middle East, starting a history of violence and unrest in the region.

Source:

“---.” HISTORY, 7 June 2010, www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/crusades.

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Parts of the world impacted:

Catholicism, Protestantism, Lutheranism, Europe, and Germany

Importance/impact:

Johannes Gutenberg's printing press made books more available, causing conflicts like Martin Luther's critique of the Catholic Church and the start of the Protestant Reformation.

Source:

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1AIbYHDEXkkYAHnBN8mfVoAI_giH85a5R0Q3L2syaP7c/edit#slide=id.g114b2f3d31c_0_176

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Parts of the world impacted:

-Iberian Peninsula(Aragon, Granada, Sevilla, Spain, and Valencia)

Importance/impact:

-It led to strengthening the monarchy in the newly united Spanish kingdom, with its harsh methods causing extensive death and suffering.

Source:

---. “Spanish Inquisition | Key Facts.” Encyclopedia Britannica, www.britannica.com/summary/Spanish-Inquisition-Key-Facts#:~:text=The%20Spanish%20Inquisition%20was%20a,to%20widespread%20death%20and%20suffering.

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Columbus “Discovers” the Americas - 1492

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Columbus “Discovers” the Americas - 1492

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Parts of the world impacted:

-Indigenous people living on the land lost their land/homes

-Created the United States; Most powerful nation today

Importance/impact:

-Historical Controversy

-Abuse on Indigenous People.

-New World

Source:

“Christopher Columbus.” Royal Museums Greenwich, www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/christopher-columbus#:~:text=He%20was%20the%20first%20European,now%20called%20the%20United%20States.

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Parts of the world impacted:

It was a global impact but mostly impacted Europe.

Importance/impact:

-Urbanization

-Technological Advancements

-Changed the focus of the economies from agricultural industries to mechanized industries/products

-Transportation Advancements

Source:

---. “Industrial Revolution | Definition, History, Dates, Summary, and Facts.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 15 Nov. 2023, www.britannica.com/money/topic/Industrial-Revolution.

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Parts of the world impacted:

It's impact is widespread but Asian and African nations have taken quite the hit by pollution.

Importance/impact:

(Positive)

1. Everyday use

-Plastic water bottles are used very frequently to hold liquids and for commercial use.

-In the medical field plastic is highly used with things like syringes and sterile packaging.

(Negative)

1. Plastic Pollution

-Endangered marine life and the oceans.

-Endangered wildlife and the land.

Source:

“The Age of Plastic: From Parkesine to Pollution | Science Museum.” Science Museum, www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/chemistry/age-plastic-parkesine-pollution#:~:text=Belgian%20chemist%20and%20clever%20marketeer,phenol%2C%20under%20heat%20and%20pressure.

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Parts of the world impacted:

-France, Russia, and the United Kingdom

Importance/impact:

-France and Britain divided up parts of the Middle East, including Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, and Palestine, which were then controlled by the Ottoman Empire. This plan, called the Sykes-Picot Agreement, was negotiated by Sir Mark Sykes and François Georges-Picot from Britain and France, with Russia also involved.

Source:

---. “Sykes-Picot Agreement | Map, History, and Facts.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 17 Nov. 2023, www.britannica.com/event/Sykes-Picot-Agreement.

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Parts of the world impacted:

Western Front, France, Germany, UK

Importance/impact:

Significant for its staggering casualties and limited territorial gains, symbolizing the high cost and minimal strategic achievements of World War I trench warfare.

Source:

---. “First Battle of the Somme | Summary, Location, Outcome, Casualties, Significance, and Facts.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 21 Nov. 2023, www.britannica.com/event/First-Battle-of-the-Somme.

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Parts of the world impacted:

-Mainly the German Empire and the US

Importance/impact:

-The treaty brought an end to the initial World War, assigning responsibility for the conflict to Germany. However, it fell short in effectively preventing the occurrence of subsequent wars.

Sources:

“The Treaty of Versailles, 1919.” Palace of Versailles, 22 June 2021, en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/treaty-versailles-1919#:~:text=After%20four%20years%20of%20devastating,break%20out%20twenty%20years%20later.

---. “Q&Amp;A: What Does the Versailles Treaty Teach Us About the Aftermath of War?” University of Denver, 9 Jan. 2020, www.du.edu/news/qa-what-does-versailles-treaty-teach-us-about-aftermath-war.

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Parts of the world impacted:

-Germany

Importance/impact:

-This played a part in Hitler's rise to power which as we know leads to the tragic events of the Holocaust.

Source:

---. encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/timeline-event/holocaust/1933-1938/hitler-appointed-chancellor.

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Parts of the world impacted:

-Germany & European Jews

Importance/impact:

-The Holocaust is crucial to remember as it was a dark period during World War II where millions of innocent people, mostly Jews, suffered and were killed by the Nazis. Its impact reminds us to stand against hatred and discrimination, promoting a world of compassion, tolerance, and unity."The Holocaust was the systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million European Jews by the Nazi German regime and its allies and collaborators (Introduction to the Holocaust: What Was the Holocaust?)".

Source:

Introduction to the Holocaust: What Was the Holocaust? encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/introduction-to-the-holocaust.

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Parts of the world impacted:

Like the other events, this was a global impact but it mostly impacted southeast Asia and India.

Importance/impact:

The Green Revolution helped grow more food, but it also made some problems like needing a lot of expensive chemicals and not being good for all farmers.

Source:

---. “Green Revolution | Definition, Advantages, Importance, and Facts.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 17 Nov. 2023, www.britannica.com/event/green-revolution.

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Parts of the world impacted:

-Beaches of Normandy, France, Russian Forces, German Nazi Forces, the US and the other allied forces.

Importance/impact:

-This invasion, united the land, air, and sea forces of the Allied armies in what is recognized as the most extensive aquatic invasion in military history.

-About 133,000 Allied troops landed on D-Day, causing 10,300 casualties, and by June 30, over 850,000 men and vital supplies had reached Normandy.

Source:

World War II: D-Day, the Invasion of Normandy | Eisenhower Presidential Library. www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov/research/online-documents/world-war-ii-d-day-invasion-normandy.

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An atomic bomb is dropped on Nagasaki - 1945

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An atomic bomb is dropped on Nagasaki - 1945

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Parts of the world impacted:

City of Nagasaki in Japan

Importance/impact:

Played a significant role in ending World War II and demonstrated the devastating power of nuclear weapons.

Source:

---. “Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki | Date, Significance, Timeline, Deaths, and Aftermath.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 7 Dec. 2023, www.britannica.com/event/atomic-bombings-of-Hiroshima-and-Nagasaki.

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Parts of the world impacted:

- Middle East, Palestine, Jewish Culture/People, and the United Nations

Importance/Impact:

-It established a Jewish homeland, and U.S. President Harry S. Truman's swift recognition signaled support for the new nation despite internal debates and geopolitical concerns.

Source:

---. history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/creation-israel.

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Neil Armstrong steps onto the surface of the moon - 1969

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Neil Armstrong steps onto the surface of the moon - 1969

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Parts of the world impacted:

Everywhere; Pushed other countries to do the same, showed other countries a

Importance/impact:

Armstrong's 1969 moonwalk showcased amazing technology, united people globally, and continues to inspire exploration.

Source:

Byrd, Deborah, and Deborah Byrd. “July 20, 1969: 1st Footsteps on Moon | Human World | EarthSky.” EarthSky | Updates on Your Cosmos and World, 20 July 2022, earthsky.org/space/this-date-in-science-first-human-footsteps-on-the-moon/#:~:text=On%20July%2020%2C%201969%2C%20Apollo,of%20a%20world%20beyond%20Earth.

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Parts of the world impacted:

-Banja Luka, Srebrenica, Bosnia, and Herzegovina

Importance/impact:

-It involved bitter conflicts among Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims), Serbs, and Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Western countries, supported by NATO, played a role in ending the war by negotiating a final cease-fire in Dayton, Ohio, in 1995.

Source:

“Bosnian War | Facts, Summary, Combatants, and War Crimes.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 19 Oct. 2023, www.britannica.com/event/Bosnian-War/War-crimes-and-trials.

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Parts of the world impacted:

- South Africa, Africa, US, Europe, International Relations, and the UN

Importance/Impact:

- It stopped racial segregation and led to a democratic government in 1994, with Nelson Mandela becoming the first black president. The global impact involved international efforts and economic sanctions.

Sources:

Longley, Robert. “The End of South African Apartheid.” ThoughtCo, 17 May 2022, www.thoughtco.com/when-did-apartheid-end-43456.---. 2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/pcw/98678.htm#:~:text=Apartheid%2C%20the%20Afrikaans%20name%20given,a%20democratic%20government%20in%201994.

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The World Trade Organization is founded - 1995

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The World Trade Organization is founded - 1995

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Parts of the world impacted:

International trade

Importance/impact:

WTO helps poor countries; They run programs like Aid for Trade to support developing countries, helping them build things like roads and ports to improve their ability to trade.

They also make trade easier;
The WTO shortens global trade by negotiating deals, like swapping snacks with a friend. It ensures that countries benefit and get what they need on a larger scale.

They ensure fair trade rules; The WTO makes sure countries play fair in trade. This helps everyone by creating stable and clear rules so that goods and services can be traded smoothly between countries.

Source:

WTO | the WTO in Brief. www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/inbrief_e/inbr_e.htm.

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Parts of the world impacted:

Facebook is used quite frankly everywhere, as it is the main face of social media.

Importance/impact:

Facebook is a powerful organization on social media and averages with about 2.7 billion monthly active users.

Source:

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1pm3rn3YYo0XDOvHkoPVwXVIpxINWio9BFFXn51PvQxo/edit#slide=id.g116fa69b94b_0_166

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Parts of the world impacted:

Syria, US, Western Allies, Turkey, Jordan, Israel, and Saudi Arabia.

Importance/impact:

-Caused many problems in the Middle East. (Made things very confusing and disrupted normal life for many people in that part of the world.)

-Worst 21st-century humanitarian crisis

-6.7 million refugees in 2018

-6.5 million displaced within Syria

Source:

---. “Syrian Civil War | Facts and Timeline.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 31 Oct. 2023, www.britannica.com/event/Syrian-Civil-War.

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Cambridge Analytica goes bankrupt - 2018

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Cambridge Analytica goes bankrupt - 2018

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Parts of the world impacted:

California

Importance/impact:

Caused an 18% stock market drop within only a week, in which, a billion dollar fine followed

Source:

Company, Development. A Breach of Integrity: Facebook Cambridge Analytica Scandal 2018. 3 Nov. 2023, www.linkedin.com/pulse/breach-integrity-facebook-cambridge-analytica-scandal-2018-cmzse.