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Bilingual vs. ESL: Learn ESL vs. Bilingual Education. (n.d.). Retrieved October 19, 2022, from http://www.5minuteenglish.com/bilingual-vs-esl.htm

Ferlazzo, L. (2021, June 28). The six most effective instructional strategies for ells-according to teachers (opinion). Education Week. Retrieved October 19, 2022, from https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/opinion-the-six-most-effective-instructional-strategies-for-ells-according-to-teachers/2021/06

Five ways to engage parents of Ell Students: Resilient educator. ResilientEducator.com. (2020, May 21). Retrieved October 19, 2022, from https://resilienteducator.com/classroom-resources/five-ways-to-engage-parents-of-ell-students/

Seidler&Strauts conference documents - Loyola University Chicago. (n.d.). Retrieved October 20, 2022, from https://www.luc.edu/media/lucedu/education/pdfs/languagematters/Seidler&Strauts-ELDL.pdf

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Teachers should do their part in understanding their students' cultural backgrounds. Different cultures have different social norms and may affect a parent's approach to their child's education. If the teacher has an understanding, they can better navigate a relationship with each student and their family.

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In order to increase family engagement, provide resources for families to use at home. Whether it is videos, study techniques, workbooks, it can help bridge the gap of English learners at home.

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It is important to encourage communication between the parents by sending notes, phone calls, emails, etc. Also, teachers should be sending positive remarks, not just negative notes. Reassure the parents that they may reach out with any questions or concerns.

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Students will be given a reading that is appropriate for their level and come up with a main idea and short summary. Next, they will pair up and discuss their findings. They will work together to write a summary together. Next, they can work with another group or you can have each pair share with the class. This will strengthen their oral expression and reading comprehension.

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It is important to enunciate all sounds of a word and speak in a slower voice so English learners may process the words being said and work through translanguaging. It also can be helpful to avoid using figurative language as they may not understand what point is trying to be made through translation. Lastly, using exaggerated gestures can help students connect the English word to it's meaning as every word may not have a direct translation in their native language.

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Sentence frames can help ESL students in grammatical structures in speaking in writing. You can implement these by providing sentence frames for responses they may use in different subjects of school.

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Implement pictures that are relevant and interesting to your students. Use color coding for different types of words to help them visualize. This can help them with using pictures to build sentences.

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There can be students that each speak different native languages. There is one teacher that teaches all of these students as it is not required that they speak anything other than English. In elementary schools, it is typical that ESL students are pulled out for their class for their intervention time. In middle/high school, it is it's own class for students to take.

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In an ESL classroom, students who teach many different languages are all taught by the same teacher.