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Between 1830 and 1855, Five Thousand German Lutheran Methodist Missionaries immigrated to Ann Arbor

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Between 1837 and 1838, hundreds of Canadians crossed the Detroit River to Michigan to avoid persecution as the result of a failed revolt against the Canadian government

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1840 - German Catholics Settled in Westphalia, MI

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1845 - German Lutherans in Frankenmuth

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By 1860, 39,000 Germans lived in Michigan. The rise of German immigrants was caused by poor harvest in Germany and a failed liberal revolt.

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Germans pioneered in fruit and berry growing in the southwestern portion if Michigan. Founded the Benton Harbor Fruit Exchange

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During the 1840s, British policies caused a depression in timber and shipbuilding industries, causing many workers to comes to Michigan for work

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In the 1860s, thousands of Canadians came to Michigan to serve in the Union army during the Civil War or to find employment.

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Between 1870 and 1890, thousands of Canediens moved to Michigan to work in mining and lumber to earn money for plots of land.

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Between 1870 and 1890, thousands of Canediens moved to Michigan to work in mining and lumber to earn money for plots of land.

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By 1890, there were reported 63,565 Canadians and 15,436 Canadiens living in Michigan.

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During the 1840s, religious dissatisfaction, high taxes, and potato blight caused 54 Dutch families to immigrate to Detroit

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Dutch settlers moved to the area where the Black River flows into the Macatawa Bay. Far from other settlements, they struggled with finance and trade. They impeded on Native Americans living here and caused Native Americans to move to Traverse Bay

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Dutch Settlement. By 1874, 5,000 Dutch lived in Michigan.

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Dutch Settlement. By 1874, 5,000 Dutch lived in Michigan.

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Dutch Settlement. By 1874, 5,000 Dutch lived in Michigan.

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Dutch Settlement. By 1874, 5,000 Dutch lived in Michigan.

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Dutch Settlement. By 1874, 5,000 Dutch lived in Michigan.

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1850s - Cornish immigrants came to Michigan to work in the copper mines. Cornish people were known to have expertise in mining.

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1850s - Cornish immigrants came to Michigan to work in the copper mines. Cornish people were known to have expertise in mining.

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Cornish Settlement by 1900 - mining

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Cornish Settlement by 1900 - mining

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Cornish Settlement by 1900 - mining

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Cornish Settlement by 1900 - mining

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Cornish Settlement by 1900 - mining

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Cornish Settlement by 1900 - mining

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Between 1846 and 1850, famine and hardships caused thousands of Irish people to emigrate to Michigan

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By 1900, 46,000 Irish emigrated to Michigan looking for work. They would mine, dig canals, lay railroad tracks, and sell linens.

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By 1900, 46,000 Irish emigrated to Michigan looking for work. They would mine, dig canals, lay railroad tracks, and sell linens.

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By 1900, 46,000 Irish emigrated to Michigan looking for work. They would mine, dig canals, lay railroad tracks, and sell linens.

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By 1900, 46,000 Irish emigrated to Michigan looking for work. They would mine, dig canals, lay railroad tracks, and sell linens.

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Irish immigrants preferred to live in Irish communities where they could control their own politics, speak openly, read Catholic newspapers, and feel free.

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In 1850, only 107 Scandinavians lived in Michigan. By 1890, there were 37,000

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Scandinavian Settlement - Swedish stronghold.

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Scandinavian Settlement - Swedish stronghold.

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Scandinavian Settlement - Swedish stronghold.

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Scandinavian Settlement - Swedish stronghold.

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Scandinavian Settlement - Swedish stronghold. Bates Township was known as "Little Sweden" because 90 percent of the residents were Swedish.

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Suomi College, the only Finnish college until 1981.

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Scandinavian Settlement - Swedish stronghold.

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Agriculture is a major part of Michigan's history. Before the civil war, Michigan's land was cleared for farming with Oxen. Between 1850 and 1860, the number of acres being farmed in Michigan tripled. This coincides with a rise of immigrants coming from Europe in the 1800s. In 1935, Michigan had 18.5 million acres of farmland. 20% of Michigan's population were farmers. By 1970, only 1.5% of the population were farmers.

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After WWI, farmers turned to specialty crops. In urban centers, like Detroit, they raised poultry and dairy cattle. They also grew fruit and vegetables.

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Along Lake Michigan, farmers grew cherries.

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Liquor Valley, State Street, Saginaw, Michigan

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Liquor Valley, State Street, Saginaw, Michigan

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Liquor Valley, State Street, Saginaw, Michigan

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In the Thumb of Michigan and around Saginaw Valley, farmers grew beans and sugar beets.

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Southwestern Michigan was known for growing onions, celery, and mint. The Dutch were avid celery farmers.

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In the Northern part of the Lower Peninsula, potatoes, cattle, sheep, and hay were farmed.

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The Upper Peninsula of Michigan mainly produced dairy